2021. gadā aizstāvētie promocijas darbi un kopsavilkumi

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Browsing 2021. gadā aizstāvētie promocijas darbi un kopsavilkumi by Author "Dambrova, Maija"

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    Ārstniecības augi latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos un to praktiskā lietojuma analīze. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
    (Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2021) Sīle, Inga; Dambrova, Maija; Romāne, Edita
    Daudzi Eiropas valstīs veiktie etnobotāniskie pētījumi vērš uzmanību uz ārstniecības augu tradicionālās izmantošanas pieaugošo nozīmi. Eiropā zināšanas par ārstniecības augu lietošanu balstās senā vēsturē un tradīcijās. Arī Latvija ir valsts ar gadsimtos krātām tautas medicīnas tradīcijām un plašu šo zināšanu arhīvu. Promocijas darba mērķis bija apkopot un analizēt latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos pieejamās zināšanas par ārstniecības augu lietošanu un meklēt jaunas idejas šo zināšanu praktiskam lietojumam mūsdienās. Promocijas darbs pirmo reizi starptautiskajai zinātniskajai sabiedrībai atklāj latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos iekļauto informāciju par ārstēšanos ar augiem, kas līdz šim nebija tulkota angļu valodā, tāpēc nebija pieejama citu valstu pētniekiem. Pētījums ietver sarakstu ar Latvijas teritorijā 19. gs. beigās un 20. gs. pirmajā pusē tautas medicīnā izmantotiem augiem, to sugām, ārstniecībā lietotām šo augu daļām un pagatavojumiem no tām, to ievadīšanas veidu un slimībām vai to simptomiem, kas ārstēti ar šiem līdzekļiem. Darbs satur informāciju par 211 augu ģintīm, no kurām lielākā daļa tika izmantotas gremošanas un elpošanas sistēmas traucējumu ārstēšanai. Lai saprastu, vai folkloras materiālos norādītā informācija mūsdienās ir aktuāla, tradicionālais augu lietojums tika salīdzināts ar informāciju, balstītu uz pierādījumiem. Pētījumā secināts, ka 59 augu drogām ir pieejamas oficiālas Eiropas Zāļu aģentūras datubāzē publicētas monogrāfijas, bet lielākajai daļai latviešu tautas ārstniecības pierakstos minēto indikāciju nav zinātniska pierādījuma. Pēc sistemātiskas folkloras materiālu analīzes turpmākam pētījumam tika izvēlēti Pelargonium sidoides DC. un Prunus padus L., lai apstiprinātu šo augu drogu tradicionālo lietojumu iekaisuma stāvokļu ārstēšanai. Šim nolūkam pētījuma gaitā tika noskaidroti to pretiekaisuma aktivitātes molekulārie mehānismi. Iegūtie rezultāti sniedz pierādījumu, ka abu augu drogu ekstraktiem in vitro un ex vivo ir izteikta pretiekaisuma aktivitāte, tā apstiprinot to izmantošanas lietderību latviešu tautas medicīnā par efektīvu līdzekli iekaisuma procesu mazināšanai. Promocijas darba rezultātu nozīmīgums: tie var rosināt jaunas idejas turpmākiem ar Latvijas teritorijā augošu augu izmantošanas iespējām saistītiem pētījumiem un var pavērt jaunas perspektīvas gan nacionāliem, gan starptautiskiem etnobotāniskiem pētījumiem.
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    Medicinal Plants in the Records of Latvian Folk Medicine and Analysis of Their Practical Applications. Doctoral Thesis
    (Rīga Stradiņš University, 2021) Sīle, Inga; Dambrova, Maija; Romāne, Edita
    Medicinal plant knowledge in Europe is rooted in a long history of health traditions. Numerous ethnobotanical studies across Europe have addressed the increasing importance of the traditional use of medicinal plants. Latvia is a country with old folk medicine traditions and an extensive folk knowledge archive. The aim of this thesis was to collect and analyse knowledge about the use of the medicinal plants found in the records of Latvian folk medicine and to search for new ideas regarding the practical applications of these plants. This thesis reveals, for the first time to the international scientific community, the important ethnobotanical information contained in the records of Latvian folk medicine that had not yet been translated into English and are therefore less visible to researchers from all over the world. This thesis provides a list of the used plant species and plant parts, the dosage forms of herbal medicines, the routes of administration, and the disorders treated with medicinal plants mentioned in the records of Latvian folk medicine and used by indigenous people of Latvia in the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th centuries. In total, the thesis includes information on 211 plant taxa, most of which were utilized for the treatment of digestive and respiratory system disorders. To understand whether the information mentioned in the folklore material is relevant today, it was compared with evidence-based information regarding the uses of the listed plant, including official herbal monographs. During this study, it was concluded that only 59 plant taxa mentioned in the studied records of Latvian folk medicine are included in the official monographs of the European Medicines Agency, and most of the plant indications mentioned in the records have not been described in evidence-based monographs. After the systematic analysis of folklore materials, additional information on the molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activities of Pelargonium sidoides DC. and Prunus padus L. were investigated to confirm their traditional use for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. The obtained results provide evidence that both plant extracts exhibit pronounced in vitro and ex vivo anti-inflammatory activities, supporting their use in Latvian ethnomedicine as effective anti-inflammatory agents. The obtained results are important as they provide ideas for further research related to possibilities regarding the use of plants growing in the territory of Latvia and allow new perspectives to be gained for both national and international ethnobotanical research.
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    Medicinal Plants in the Records of Latvian Folk Medicine and Analysis of Their Practical Applications. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
    (Rīga Stradiņš University, 2021) Sīle, Inga; Dambrova, Maija; Romāne, Edita
    Medicinal plant knowledge in Europe is rooted in a long history of health traditions. Numerous ethnobotanical studies across Europe have addressed the increasing importance of the traditional use of medicinal plants. Latvia is a country with old folk medicine traditions and an extensive folk knowledge archive. The aim of this thesis was to collect and analyse knowledge about the use of the medicinal plants found in the records of Latvian folk medicine and to search for new ideas regarding the practical applications of these plants. This thesis reveals, for the first time to the international scientific community, the important ethnobotanical information contained in the records of Latvian folk medicine that had not yet been translated into English and are therefore less visible to researchers from all over the world. This thesis provides a list of the used plant species and plant parts, the dosage forms of herbal medicines, the routes of administration, and the disorders treated with medicinal plants mentioned in the records of Latvian folk medicine and used by indigenous people of Latvia in the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th centuries. In total, the thesis includes information on 211 plant taxa, most of which were utilized for the treatment of digestive and respiratory system disorders. To understand whether the information mentioned in the folklore material is relevant today, it was compared with evidence-based information regarding the uses of the listed plant, including official herbal monographs. During this study, it was concluded that only 59 plant taxa mentioned in the studied records of Latvian folk medicine are included in the official monographs of the European Medicines Agency, and most of the plant indications mentioned in the records have not been described in evidence-based monographs. After the systematic analysis of folklore materials, additional information on the molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activities of Pelargonium sidoides DC. and Prunus padus L. were investigated to confirm their traditional use for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. The obtained results provide evidence that both plant extracts exhibit pronounced in vitro and ex vivo anti-inflammatory activities, supporting their use in Latvian ethnomedicine as effective anti-inflammatory agents. The obtained results are important as they provide ideas for further research related to possibilities regarding the use of plants growing in the territory of Latvia and allow new perspectives to be gained for both national and international ethnobotanical research.