Enterāli un parenterāli barojamu pacientu un viņu tuvinieku prasmju pašnovērtējums aprūpes nodrošināšanai mājas apstākļos.
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Enterālā un parenterālā barošana pēdējos 50 gadus ir attīstījusies un kļuvusi par vienu no svarīgākajām veselības aprūpes nozarēm visā pasaulē. Visbiežāk enterālā un parenterālā barošana tiek uzsākta slimnīcā, un turpināta ārpus stacionāra kā ilgstoša barošanas nodrošināšanas metode mājas apstākļos. Mājas apstākļos par barošanas nodrošināšanu un aprūpi rūpējās ne tikai māsa vai ārsts, bet arī pacienta tuvinieki. Veselības aprūpes speciālisti izglīto pacientu vai viņa piederīgos par enterālu un parenterālu barošanu ārpus stacionāra, lai mājas apstākļos tas tiktu veikts saskaņā ar noteikto barošanas plānu un labas prakses balstītām metodēm. Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot pacientu, kuri saņem enterālu vai parenterālu barošanu, un viņu tuvinieku, prasmju pašnovērtējumu aprūpes nodrošināšanā mājas apstākļos.
Pētnieciskā mērķa sasniegšanai tiek veikts kvantitatīvs neeksperimentāls šķērsgriezuma salīdzinošs pētījums. Pētījuma ietvaros tika veikta vienreizēja pētāmo objektu (pacienta tuvinieku) aptauja (anketēšana), pēc iegūtajiem rezultātiem tika salīdzinātas divas grupas, salīdzināti divu vai vairāku mērījumu sakarības ar iegūtajiem kopējiem rezultātiem (kopējais pašnovērtējuma līmenis).
Aptaujā piedalījās 124 respondenti, kuru vecums bija robežās no viena mēneša līdz septiņpadsmit gadiem. Enterālā un parenterālā barošanas saņemšanas ilguma mediāna 9 gadi. Atbildes tika analizētas un tika noskaidrots pacientu tuvinieku prasmju pašnovērtējums aprūpes nodrošināšanā mājas apstākļos aprūpējot pacientus, kuri saņem enterālu vai parenterālu barošanu.
Analizējot pētījuma laikā gūtos rezultātus, var secināt, ka pacientu tuviniekiem parenterālās barošanas grupā ir augstāks aprūpes prasmju pašnovērtējuma rādītājs nekā pacientu tuviniekiem enterālā barošanas grupā. EB grupā vidējā pašnovērtējuma atbilde 3,47 un PB vidējā pašnovērtējuma atbilde 3,69, datu analīze liecina, ka ir statistiski nozīmīga saistība, kas apstiprināja darba izvirzīto hipotēzi - pacientiem, kuri saņem parenterālu barošanu, vai viņu tuviniekiem ir augstāks aprūpes prasmju pašnovērtējuma rādītājs nekā pacientiem, kuri saņem enterālu barošanu.
Bakalaura darbā ir 31 lapa, 5 tabulas, 9 attēli un 4 pielikumi. Darbā izmantoti 22 literatūras avoti.
Atslēgvārdi – enterālā barošana, enterālā barošana mājas apstākļos, parenterālā barošana, parenterālā barošana mājas apstākļos, aprūpe mājās.
Enteral and parenteral nutrition has developed over the past 50 years and has become one of the most important healthcare industries worldwide. Most commonly, enteral and parenteral nutrition are initiated in a hospital and continued as long-term home-based nutritional therapy. At home, nursing and care were provided not only by the nurse or doctor, but also by the patient's relatives. The patient or his relatives are educated about enteral or parenteral nutrition at home in order to be competent to take care of the nutrition and to implement the prescribed feeding plan. Aim of the study is to find out the self-assessment of the skills of patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition and their relatives in providing care at home. To achieve the aim of the study, a quantitative non-experimental cross-sectional comparative study was performed. Within the framework of the research, a one-time survey of the research objects (relatives of the patient) is performed, two groups are compared according to the obtained results, the correlations of two or more measurements with the obtained total results are compared (total self-assessment level). The survey involved 124 respondents, aged between one month and seventeen years with an average feeding duration of 9 years. The responses were analyzed and the self-assessment of patients relatives skills in providing care at home in patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition was clarified. The results of the study show that patients receiving parenteral nutrition or their relatives have a higher rate of self-assessment of care skills than patients receiving enteral nutrition, the mean self-assessment response in the EB group was 3.47 and the mean self-assessment response in the PB group was 3.69. The data showed a statistically significant relation, which confirmed the hypothesis of the work. The volume of the bachelor's thesis consists of 31 pages, 5 tables, 9 figures and 4 attachments. 22 literature sources are used in the work. Keywords: enteral nutrition, home enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, home parenteral nutrition, home care.
Enteral and parenteral nutrition has developed over the past 50 years and has become one of the most important healthcare industries worldwide. Most commonly, enteral and parenteral nutrition are initiated in a hospital and continued as long-term home-based nutritional therapy. At home, nursing and care were provided not only by the nurse or doctor, but also by the patient's relatives. The patient or his relatives are educated about enteral or parenteral nutrition at home in order to be competent to take care of the nutrition and to implement the prescribed feeding plan. Aim of the study is to find out the self-assessment of the skills of patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition and their relatives in providing care at home. To achieve the aim of the study, a quantitative non-experimental cross-sectional comparative study was performed. Within the framework of the research, a one-time survey of the research objects (relatives of the patient) is performed, two groups are compared according to the obtained results, the correlations of two or more measurements with the obtained total results are compared (total self-assessment level). The survey involved 124 respondents, aged between one month and seventeen years with an average feeding duration of 9 years. The responses were analyzed and the self-assessment of patients relatives skills in providing care at home in patients receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition was clarified. The results of the study show that patients receiving parenteral nutrition or their relatives have a higher rate of self-assessment of care skills than patients receiving enteral nutrition, the mean self-assessment response in the EB group was 3.47 and the mean self-assessment response in the PB group was 3.69. The data showed a statistically significant relation, which confirmed the hypothesis of the work. The volume of the bachelor's thesis consists of 31 pages, 5 tables, 9 figures and 4 attachments. 22 literature sources are used in the work. Keywords: enteral nutrition, home enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, home parenteral nutrition, home care.
Description
Māszinības
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
enterālā barošana, enterālā barošana mājas apstākļos, parenterālā barošana, parenterālā barošana mājas apstākļos, aprūpe mājās., enteral nutrition, home enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, home parenteral nutrition, home care.