Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
10.3390/biology10121268
Title: | Singer’s Nodules : Investigating the Etiopathogenetic Markers Progressing Their Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations |
Authors: | Pilmane, Māra Sumerags, Dins Jain, Nityanand Jain, Shivani Sumeraga, Gunta Department of Morphology Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology Department of Otorhinolaryngology |
Keywords: | proliferation;apoptosis;growth;ischemia;inflammation;innervation;immunohistochemistry;vocal nodules;3.1 Basic medicine;3.2 Clinical medicine;1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database;General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology;General Immunology and Microbiology;General Agricultural and Biological Sciences |
Issue Date: | 3-Dec-2021 |
Citation: | Pilmane , M , Sumerags , D , Jain , N , Jain , S & Sumeraga , G 2021 , ' Singer’s Nodules : Investigating the Etiopathogenetic Markers Progressing Their Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations ' , Biology , vol. 10 , no. 12 , 1268 . https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10121268 |
Abstract: | Vocal nodules (or Singer’s nodules) are benign vocal cord structures which are commonly encountered by clinicians. Though phonetic trauma/abuse is thought to be the main cause of the development of vocal nodules, the exact etiopathogenesis remains unknown. Hence, we compared the immunohistochemical markers for proliferation (Ki-67), apoptosis (TUNEL), growth (EGFR), ischemia (VEGF), inflammation (IL-1α and 10), and immunoreactive innervation (PGP 9.5), in vocal nodule tissue samples obtained from 10 females (17–56 years) and vocal cord tissue from seven controls. A statistically significant increase in Ki-67, TUNEL, EGFR, VEGF and IL-1α expression was noted (p < 0.05) between nodule tissue and control tissue in both epithelial and subepithelial layers. However, the difference was non-significant for both IL-10 and PGP 9.5 (p > 0.05). All markers demonstrated moderate to strong positive correlations, except for IL-10. These findings suggest increased cellular growth and proliferation in vocal nodules coupled with a persistent presence of inflammatory and ischemic environment. Furthermore, global prevalence of apoptotic cells and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines highlight the presence of underlying complex mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of vocal nodules, with age having a negligible impact on the marker levels. Our results could potentially further our knowledge in understanding the effects of different treatment modalities available at the cellular level. |
Description: | Funding Information: The support of Riga Stradins University (RSU) is greatly acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
DOI: | 10.3390/biology10121268 |
ISSN: | 2079-7737 |
Appears in Collections: | Research outputs from Pure / Zinātniskās darbības rezultāti no ZDIS Pure |
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biology_10_01268.pdf | 1.41 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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