Browsing by Author "Neimane, Laura"

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    Augšžokļa alveolārā kaula morforadioloģiskais izvērtējums pacientiem ar zobu implantātiem. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
    (Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2014) Neimane, Laura; Skaģers, Andrejs
    Augšžokļa dobuma pamatnes paaugstināšanas operācija pielietojot dažādus kaulu aizvietojošus biomateriālus, lai pastiprinātu un nodrošinātu zobu implantātu stabilitāti, pasaulē tiek plaši lietota. Tomēr iztrūkst plašāks ilgtermiņa pētījums, kurā tiktu analizēts augšžokļa reziduālā kaula un dobuma stāvoklis pirms un pēc operācijas. Pētījumā tika iekļauti 59 pacienti, kuriem tika veikta augšžokļa dobuma paaugstināšanas operācija ar biomateriālu pielietošanu vienā vai abās augšžokļa pusēs Rīgas Stradiņa Universitātes Stomatoloģijas Institūta Mutes, sejas un žokļu ķirurģijas klīnikā. Kopā tika apsekoti 78 augšžokļa dobumi. Tika izvērtētas pirms operācijas koniskā stara datora tomogrāfijas atrades, veikti augšžokļa reziduālā alveolārā kaula lineārie un radioloģiskā nomelnējuma līmeņa mērījumi, kā arī augšžokļa dobuma tilpuma mērījumi un radioloģiski nosakāmu izmaiņu reģistrācija. Pēc operācijas izmeklējumos tika veikti gan lineāri, gan radioloģiskā nomelnējuma līmeņa mērījumi dažādās vietās augmentētā zonā, gan arī izvērtēti dobuma izmaiņas un noteikts tā tilpums. Atkārtots koniska stara datora tomogrāfijas izmeklējums tika veikts vismaz gadu pēc augmentācijas operācijas. Pēc operācijas tika izvērtēti augmentētās zonas lineārie un nomelnējuma līmeņa mērījumi, kā arī izmaiņas augšžokļa dobumā un concha bullosa. Tika apkopoti un analizēti ari pacientu demogrāfiskie dati un to saistības ar iegūtiem mērījumiem. Pētījumā tika atklāts, ka kaulu aizvietojošie biomateriāli palielina reziduālā alveolārā kaula mineralizāciju ilgtermiņā, bet paša biomateriāla/ audu hibrīda radioloģiskais nomelnējuma līmenis ilgtermiņā samazinās. Šī saistība tika noteikta radioloģiski un apstiprina literatūrā aprakstītās histoloģiskās atrades. Radioloģiskā nomelnējuma līmeņa vērtības noteikšana implantātu tuvumā ar koniskā stara datora tomogrāfijas metodi var tikt pielietota ņemot vērā metāla artefaktu radītās izmaiņas. Radioloģiska augšžokļa dobuma izvērtēšana gan pirms, gan pēc augšžokļa dobuma pamatnes paaugstināšanas operācijas ir informatīva un nepieciešama, lai samazinātu pēcoperācijas komplikācijas, kā arī laicīgi novērstu sarežģījumus. Promocijas darbam ir 144 lpp, izmantotās literatūras sarakstā iekļautas 204 publikācijas. Pielikumā pievienotas divu dokumentu kopijas.
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    Augšžokļa alveolārā kaula morforadioloģiskais izvērtējums pacientiem ar zobu implantātiem. Promocijas darbs
    (Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2014) Neimane, Laura; Skaģers, Andrejs
    Augšžokļa dobuma pamatnes paaugstināšanas operācija pielietojot dažādus kaulu aizvietojošus biomateriālus, lai pastiprinātu un nodrošinātu zobu implantātu stabilitāti, pasaulē tiek plaši lietota. Tomēr iztrūkst plašāks ilgtermiņa pētījums, kurā tiktu analizēts augšžokļa reziduālā kaula un dobuma stāvoklis pirms un pēc operācijas. Pētījumā tika iekļauti 59 pacienti, kuriem tika veikta augšžokļa dobuma paaugstināšanas operācija ar biomateriālu pielietošanu vienā vai abās augšžokļa pusēs Rīgas Stradiņa Universitātes Stomatoloģijas Institūta Mutes, sejas un žokļu ķirurģijas klīnikā. Kopā tika apsekoti 78 augšžokļa dobumi. Tika izvērtētas pirms operācijas koniskā stara datora tomogrāfijas atrades, veikti augšžokļa reziduālā alveolārā kaula lineārie un radioloģiskā nomelnējuma līmeņa mērījumi, kā arī augšžokļa dobuma tilpuma mērījumi un radioloģiski nosakāmu izmaiņu reģistrācija. Pēc operācijas izmeklējumos tika veikti gan lineāri, gan radioloģiskā nomelnējuma līmeņa mērījumi dažādās vietās augmentētā zonā, gan arī izvērtēti dobuma izmaiņas un noteikts tā tilpums. Atkārtots koniska stara datora tomogrāfijas izmeklējums tika veikts vismaz gadu pēc augmentācijas operācijas. Pēc operācijas tika izvērtēti augmentētās zonas lineārie un nomelnējuma līmeņa mērījumi, kā arī izmaiņas augšžokļa dobumā un concha bullosa. Tika apkopoti un analizēti ari pacientu demogrāfiskie dati un to saistības ar iegūtiem mērījumiem. Pētījumā tika atklāts, ka kaulu aizvietojošie biomateriāli palielina reziduālā alveolārā kaula mineralizāciju ilgtermiņā, bet paša biomateriāla/ audu hibrīda radioloģiskais nomelnējuma līmenis ilgtermiņā samazinās. Šī saistība tika noteikta radioloģiski un apstiprina literatūrā aprakstītās histoloģiskās atrades. Radioloģiskā nomelnējuma līmeņa vērtības noteikšana implantātu tuvumā ar koniskā stara datora tomogrāfijas metodi var tikt pielietota ņemot vērā metāla artefaktu radītās izmaiņas. Radioloģiska augšžokļa dobuma izvērtēšana gan pirms, gan pēc augšžokļa dobuma pamatnes paaugstināšanas operācijas ir informatīva un nepieciešama, lai samazinātu pēcoperācijas komplikācijas, kā arī laicīgi novērstu sarežģījumus. Promocijas darbam ir 144 lpp, izmantotās literatūras sarakstā iekļautas 204 publikācijas. Pielikumā pievienotas divu dokumentu kopijas.
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    Authors' response
    (2020-11-01) Sosars, Peteris; Jakobsone, Gundega; Neimane, Laura; Mukans, Maksims
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    Bone Loss around Dental Implants 5 Years after Implantation of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (HAp/βTCP) Granules
    (2018) Klimecs, Vadims; Grishulonoks, Alexanders; Salma, Ilze; Neimane, Laura; Locs, Janis; Šauriņa, Eva; Skagers, Andrejs; Department of Doctoral Studies; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine; Rīga Stradiņš University; Statistics Unit
    Biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic granules (0.5-1.0 mm) with a hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate ratio of 90/10 were used. Biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic granules produced in the Riga Technical University, Riga Rudolph Cimdins Biomaterials Innovation and Development Centre, were used for filling the bone loss on 18 patients with peri-implantitis. After 5 years at the minimum, clinical and 3D cone-beam computed tomography control was done. Clinical situation confirmed good stability of implants without any signs of inflammation around. Radiodensity of the previous gap and alveolar bone horizontally from middle point of dental implants showed similar radiodensity as in normal alveolar bone.
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    Comparative Analysis of Examination Methods for Periapical Lesion Diagnostics : Assessing Cone-Beam Computer Tomography, Ultrasound, and Periapical Radiography
    (2024-04) Kārkle, Aleksandra; Slaidiņa, Anda; Zolovs, Maksims; Vaškevica, Anete; Meistere, Dita; Bokvalde, Zanda; Neimane, Laura; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Statistics Unit
    Introduction: Periapical lesions of teeth are typically evaluated using periapical X-rays (PA) or cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT); however, ultrasound imaging (US) can also be used to detect bone defects. A comparative analysis is necessary to establish the diagnostic accuracy of US for the detection of periapical lesions in comparison with PA and CBCT. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the measurement precision of US against PA and CBCT in detecting periapical lesions. Methods: This study included 43 maxillary and mandibular teeth with periapical lesions. All teeth were examined clinically, radiographically, and ultrasonographically. Observers evaluated and measured the periapical lesions on CBCT, PA, and US images. Results: The comparison of lesion size showed that it differs significantly between the different methods of examination. A statistically significant difference was found between CBCT and US (mean difference = 0.99 mm, 95% CI [0.43–1.55]), as well as between CBCT and PA (mean difference = 0.61 mm, 95% CI [0.17–1.05]). No difference was found between the US and PA methods (p = 0.193). Conclusion: US cannot replace PA radiography in detecting pathologies but it can accurately measure and characterize periapical lesions with minimal radiation exposure. CBCT is the most precise and radiation-intensive method so it should only be used for complex cases.
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    Cone beam computed tomography evaluation of maxillary sinus before and after sinus floor elevation
    (2019-08-01) Neimane, Laura; Zamure, Liene; Klimecs, Vadims; Grišuļonoks, Aleksandrs; Skagers, Andrejs; Ivanovs, Andrejs; Rīga Stradiņš University; Statistics Unit; Institute of Public Health
    Sinus lift surgery elevation is a procedure that requires radiological maxillary sinus evaluation and procedure planning. The condition of the maxillary sinus before and after sinus lift surgery was assessed. Sixty-five sinuses of 49 patients were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed. The sinuses were analysed radiologically for pathological changes: mucosal thickening, ostia obstruction and accessory opening. The presence of concha bullosa in nasal cavity and septa in the maxillary sinus were recorded. The sinus volume also was measured before and after surgery. Thickened mucosa was found more often in postoperative scans than in preoperative scans (63.1% and 67.7%, respectively). Concha bullosa was found in 30 preoperative scans and in 33 postoperative scans. A correlation between mucosal thickening and ostia obstruction was found. The mean sinus volume decreased after surgery and the changes were statistically significant. In conclusion, changes of the maxillarysinus and nasal cavity can be detected with CBCT. Sinus lift surgery does not excacerebate the existing conditions of the maxillary sinus; however, there is a tendency for pathological features to increase after surgery. Sinus lift surgery is a safe surgery with regard to the maxillary sinus if performed with care.
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    Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Third Molar Maturity Index (I3m) and Mandibular Condyle Cortication for Determining the Legal Age (18) of Latvian Individuals
    (2025-02-16) Bokvalde, Zanda; Zamure-Damberga, Liene; Zolovs, Maksims; Neimane, Laura; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Statistics Unit
    Background: It is important to accurately determine the legal age at which a person is considered and treated as an adult; in many countries, it is 18. With the increasing migration flow to European countries, accurate age estimation methods must be implemented. In this study, the third molar maturity (I3m) index and mandible condyle cortication stage were tested to distinguish adult from non-adult Latvian individuals using dental panoramic radiographs. Methods: This study included 716 selected dental panoramic radiographs of patients between the ages of 14 and 22. The lower-left third molar apical root parts were analyzed, and the I3m index was calculated. In addition, the condyle cortication stage was evaluated. Results: All logistic regression models achieved statistically significant results (p < 0.001). The accuracy was high for all groups (males: 0.90, females: 0.87, both genders: 0.89), and the sensitivity was lower than the specificity, particularly for females (sensitivity: 0.55). The I3m index appears to be a strong predictor across all models, while the mandibular condyle cortication stage plays a more nuanced role, depending on sex and the stage of condyle maturation. A higher I3m index value (greater than the cut-off of 0.095 in males) indicates a higher likelihood of being classified as a non-adult male for this model; however, in females, a cut-off point higher than 0.150 indicated a higher likelihood of being classified as a non-adult female. The new proposed cut-off values need to be tested on a new sample. Conclusions: The I3m index is a reliable age estimation tool, and a modified cut-off value could be determined for each gender in Latvian individuals. The condyle cortication stage is a weak tool for chronological age estimation in dental panoramic radiographs.
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    General influence of biphasic calcium phosphate on osteoporotic bone density
    (2019-05-01) Ananjevs, Vladislavs; Ananjeva, Aleksandra; Vetra, Janis; Skagers, Andrejs; Salma, Ilze; Neimane, Laura; Kasyanov, Vladimir; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine; Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology; Biomehānikas zinātniskā laboratorija
    Bone density of the femur body of rabbit was determined in vivo. Experimental osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy and subsequent injections of methylprednisolone. In the greater trochanter region of right femur, defects were created and filled with granules of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate (HAP/TCP 70/30) or HAP/TCP 70/30 together with 5% strontium. After three months, the animals were euthanized. The bone mass density of the right and left body of femur was measured by cone beam computed tomography (CT) scan. The results of the study showed that the right femur of the rabbit, where biomaterials had been implanted, and the left femur, where no biomaterial implantation occurred, became denser after filling the defect with HAP/TCP 70/30 ceramic granules or 5% Sr modified HAP/TCP ceramic granules. There was no difference between operated and non-operated legs and HAP/TCP and HAP/TCP with 5% strontium groups.
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    Impact of Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Early Bone Healing After Endodontic Microsurgery : A Randomized Controlled Trial
    (2025-02-20) Kārkle, Aleksandra; Neimane, Laura; Zolovs, Maksims; Dambergs, Matīss; Meistere, Dita; Vaškevica, Anete; Slaidiņa, Anda; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Statistics Unit; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry
    Background: Apical surgery can address periapical pathologies when conventional endodontic treatments fail. Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) has emerged as a regenerative material with the potential to enhance healing in periapical surgery. In this study, we evaluated the effect of A-PRF on periapical lesion healing using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: A randomized controlled trial at Rīga Stradiņš University Institute of Stomatology included 43 participants (15 males, 28 females; mean age: 44 years) with periradicular lesions. Participants were divided into experimental and control groups. Baseline and follow-up CBCT imaging assessed lesion volumes at 6 and 12 months post-surgery. Results: Mean lesion volumes significantly decreased from 431.4 mm3 at baseline to 102.8 mm3 at 6 months and 49.2 mm3 at 12 months (p < 0.001). A-PRF did not significantly reduce the lesion sizes compared to the controls (p = 0.043), but was associated with reduced inflammation and enhanced soft tissue healing. Key confounders included gender and baseline lesion volume, with males exhibiting smaller lesion sizes postoperatively. Conclusions: The results suggest that A-PRF may not offer a significant advantage in terms of reducing defect size or improving radiographic resolution.
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    Influence of Mucosal Tissue Thickness on Peri-Implant Bone Stability : Retrospective Radiological Study
    (2023-12) Apse, Ingus Arnolds; Lācis, Rihards; Gončarova, Alīna; Šalms, Ģirts; Akota, Ilze; Neimane, Laura; Faculty of Dentistry
    Gradual bone loss around the implants is an ongoing concern. Mucosal tissue thickness is considered as a contributing factor that influences bone remodelling after implantation. It has been suggested that tissue thickness thinner than 2.5 mm may contribute to more peri-implant bone loss, eventually affecting implant bone stability. Measuring mucosal thickness prior to surgery may be a predictor of the bone changes and could modify the surgical methods. In this study mucosal tissue thickness was measured retrospectively on radiographs before implant insertion, one year and at least three years after implantation. Within the limits of this study, no influence of initial mucosal tissue thickness on long term peri-implant bone stability was found.
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    Long-Term Volumetric Stability of Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation Using a Xenograft Bone Substitute and Its Combination with Autologous Bone : A 6+ Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
    (2024-05) Zamure-Damberga, Liene; Radziņš, Oskars; Šalms, Ģirts; Zolovs, Maksims; Bokvalde, Zanda; Neimane, Laura; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine; Statistics Unit
    Deproteinised bovine bone (DBB) is widely used as bone substitute in maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) surgery. No previous studies have shown the long-term volumetric changes in the augmented bone when using DBB. The selected patients had MFSA performed using a lateral window technique and a xenograft, alone or in combination with the patient’s autologous bone from the mandible. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to compare the volumetric changes in the augmented bone for patients over a period of 6 or more years. No significant bone reduction was seen in the augmented bone region when comparing MSFA after 7 months and 6 or more years after dental implantation.
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    Modular Neural Networks for Osteoporosis Detection in Mandibular Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans
    (2023-10) Namatevs, Ivars; Nikulins, Arturs; Edelmers, Edgars; Neimane, Laura; Slaidiņa, Anda; Radziņš, Oskars; Sudars, Kaspars; Department of Morphology; Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Department of Orthodontics
    In this technical note, we examine the capabilities of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) for diagnosing osteoporosis through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of the mandible. The evaluation was conducted using 188 patients’ mandibular CBCT images utilizing DCNN models built on the ResNet-101 framework. We adopted a segmented three-phase method to assess osteoporosis. Stage 1 focused on mandibular bone slice identification, Stage 2 pinpointed the coordinates for mandibular bone cross-sectional views, and Stage 3 computed the mandibular bone’s thickness, highlighting osteoporotic variances. The procedure, built using ResNet-101 networks, showcased efficacy in osteoporosis detection using CBCT scans: Stage 1 achieved a remarkable 98.85% training accuracy, Stage 2 minimized L1 loss to a mere 1.02 pixels, and the last stage’s bone thickness computation algorithm reported a mean squared error of 0.8377. These findings underline the significant potential of AI in osteoporosis identification and its promise for enhanced medical care. The compartmentalized method endorses a sturdier DCNN training and heightened model transparency. Moreover, the outcomes illustrate the efficacy of a modular transfer learning method for osteoporosis detection, even when relying on limited mandibular CBCT datasets. The methodology given is accompanied by the source code available on GitLab.
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    Morphoradiological Evaluation of Maxillary Alveolar Bone in Dental Implant Patients. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
    (Rīga Stradiņš University, 2014) Neimane, Laura; Skaģers, Andrejs
    The maxillary sinus floor augmentation using biomaterials of different types for enhancement and enforcement of dental implant stability has been widely used all over the world for a long while. However, literature still does not reveal long term researches where investigation on residual alveolar maxillary bone and maxillary sinus before and after augmentation procedure was done. Fifty nine patients were selected for the study. Bilateral or unilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation procedures using different types of biomaterials were performed in these patients. Surgery was done in the Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology. In total, seventy eight maxillary sinus augmentation procedures were performed; before and after surgery all operation sites and sinuses were investigated radiologically applying cone beam computed tomography. Preoperatively there were detected linear and radiological grey levels of residual alveolar bone and a volume of maxillary sinus was identified. Repeated cone beam computed tomography scanning was done at least one year after surgery. In the second scan the following measurements were taken: linear measurements of augmented area, radiological grey level in several sites, and volume of the sinus. Radiologically detectable changes of sinus mucosa, opening and concha bullosa were detected both in pre and postoperative scans. There also was collected and analysed a demographic data, then a connection between demographic data and radiological results was analysed. The results revealed that bone substitute materials increase mineralization level of residual alveolar maxillary bone, but the radiological grey level of augmented area decrease over the time. These results were acquired radiologically, and in addition they are supported histologically by the literature data. Correct radiological grey level of augmented area and supporting bone around the dental implants can be detected using cone beam computed tomography method if metal artefact influence is considered. Radiological investigation of maxillary sinus before and after augmentation procedure has informative character. Such information prevents post–operative complications and helps to avoid unexpected situations during the surgical procedure. The study consists of 144 pages; it includes 204 references. Copies of two documents are added.
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    Non-syndromic tooth agenesis in Latvian adolescent dental patients : a retrospective study with relevant literature review
    (2024-06) Meistere, Dita; Kroniņa, Līga; Kārkle, Aleksandra; Neimane, Laura; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health
    Aim: To investigate the prevalence of tooth agenesis and associated dental anomalies in Latvian adolescent dental patients and compare it to other European countries. Design: Cross-sectional study of 2692 11-to-14-year-old patients (39.9% males and 60.1% females) attending Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology with panoramic radiographs taken between August 2020 and September 2021. Patients with any genetic syndromes were excluded. Data on tooth agenesis (excluding third molars) and other dental anomalies were recorded. Results: The prevalence of tooth agenesis in Latvian adolescent dental patients was 9.3% with no statistically significant difference between genders (χ 2 test, p = 0.472). The most commonly missing teeth were mandibular second premolars, followed by upper lateral incisors and upper second premolars. There was a statistically significant association with the presence of other dental anomalies in tooth agenesis patients (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study found that the prevalence of non-syndromic tooth agenesis in Latvian adolescent dental patients was 9.3% with no statistically significant differences between the genders. Patients with tooth agenesis have a statistically significant possibility of the presence of other dental anomalies (p < 0.001).
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    Osteoarthritic Bony Alterations of Temporomandibular Joint and Relation to Low Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Edentulous Females
    (2024-08) Krumpane, Laura; Ņikitina, Evija; Neimane, Laura; Ābeltiņš, Andris; Soboļeva, Una; Slaidiņa, Anda; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Department of Orthodontics
    This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between osteoarthritic bony alterations in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and general bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal edentulous females. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans for both TMJs were acquired for 80 clinically asymptomatic patients (mean age 72 ± 8.8 y). Both lumbar spine and femoral neck measurements of BMD were performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The most frequently observed bony alterations were flattening of the articular surface (47.5%), sclerosis (41.5%), subcortical cysts (10%), and erosions (5%). Osteophytes were not observed. No statistical differences were observed between those who had or did not have radiological signs of bony alterations according to age or DXA scores. The prevalence of radiological findings of degenerative TMJ bony alterations in clinically asymptomatic postmenopausal females did not confirm a connection with a generally low BMD.