Effectiveness of diabetes mellitus management program at primary health care level

Abstract

Annotation: Diabetes mellitus is considered not only a serious chronic disease, but also as an important medical and social problem that is becoming increasingly important. Disease management programs are needed to empower patients and help them develop the necessary skills for self-management of their condition. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Type 2 Diabetes Management Program at the primary health care level. Methods: Study design is a prospective study, case-control. The study of the intervention group included 114 adults with type 2 diabetes participating in the Disease Management Program and the control group-60 adults with type 2 diabetes not participating in the Disease Management Program. All the investigated persons live in the service area of the municipal polyclinic No. 4 of Aktobe city (Aktobe region, Western region of Kazakhstan). A traditional care which included regular follow-ups every 3 months was provided in the control group. The selection of patients in the control group was carried out by random sampling. Both groups were randomized by age, gender, and duration of illness. The main result evaluated glycated hemoglobin levels, blood pressure, body mass index, and low density lipoprotein levels after 9 months. Results: According to the data obtained after 9 months of the study the analysis showed a decrease in the average level of glycated hemoglobin in the intervention group (7.8 ± 1.5%) compared with the control group (8.6 ± 1.8%) (p <0.05). And also in the intervention group (134.6 ± 12.5 and 83.3 ± 6.5) compared with the control group (125.7 ± 10.4 and 80.7 ± 6.2), systolic and diastolic blood pressure is shown below. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups according to body mass index and low-density lipoprotein. Findings: This Diabetes Management Program allows you to control such indicators as glycated hemoglobin and blood pressure in a positive direction. While both body mass index and low density lipoproteins remained at the same level due to the short observation time.