Karsējamās tabaka produktu IQOS izplatība, sabiedrības informatība un lietošanas paradumi Latvijas iedzivotāju vidū
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Ievads: Karsējamās tabakas produkti Latvijā ienāca 2018.gadā, kad Latvijas sabiedrība tika iepazīstināta ar firmas Philip Morris International karsējamās tabakas sistēmu “IQOS” un tās karsējamās tabakas cigaretēm “HEETS”. Pasaules Veselības Organizācija ziņo, ka visa veida tabakas izstrādājumi ir kaitīgi un ka nav pierādītu datu, kas liecinātu, ka karsējamās tabakas produkti ir mazāk kaitīgi kā tradicionālās cigaretes. Bet, tāpat kā tradicionālās cigaretes, arī karsējamās tabakas produkti satur nikotīnu, kas ir vadošais iemesls, kādēļ cilvēkiem rodas atkarība. Šis salīdzinoši jaunais trends ar karsējamās tabakas produktiem izplatās strauji un IQOS jau ir pieejams vairāk kā 45 pasaules valstīs.
Pētījuma mērķis bija noteikt karsējamās tabakas produktu IQOS izplatību, sabiedrības informētību un lietošanas paradumus Latvijas iedzīvotāju vidū.
Materiāli un metodes: Dati tika ievākti izmantojot anonīmas aptaujas anketas internetā 2019.gadā no novembra līdz decembrim. Tika aptaujāti pilngadīgi (vismaz 18 gadus veci) Latvijas iedzīvotāji (kā smēķētāji, tā arī nesmēķētāji). Iegūtā dati tika analizēta izmantojot IBM SPSS programmu.
Rezultāti: 703 cilvēki tika intervēti (74,5% sievietes, 25,5% vīrieši). 76,6% (n=538) bija pašreizējie smēķētāji. Jautājot, vai zina/ir informēti, kas ir karsējamās tabakas produkts IQOS, pozitīvi atbildējuši 94,2% un 78,7% ir kaut reizi pamēģinājuši IQOS. Tika atrasta statistiski nozīmīga asociācija, saistība starp informētību par karsējamās tabakas produktu IQOS un vecumu (χ2=31.253, p<0.0001), izglītību (χ2=15.100, p<0.005), smēķēšanas statusu (94.026, p<0.0001), smēķēšanas atmešanas mēģināšanu (χ2=93.160, p<0.0001). Pašreizējie IQOS lietotāji bija 62,3% (n=438). Mazāk kā vienu paciņu karsējamās tabakas cigarešu “HEETS” lieto 66,9% IQOS lietotāju. 49,5% neplāno atmest lietot karsējamās tabakas produktus IQOS.
Secinājumi: Informētība par karsējamās tabakas produktiem Latvijā ir augsta, lielākā daļa ir informēta par karsējamās tabakas produktiem IQOS un gandrīz astoņi no desmit cilvēkiem kaut reizi ir pamēģinājuši IQOS. Informētība saistāma ar vecumu, izglītību, smēķēšanas statusu un smēķēšanas atmešanas mēģināšanu. Liela daļa IQOS lietotāju dienā smēķē mazāk kā vienu karsējamās tabakas cigarešu paciņu “HEETS”. Puse no IQOS lietotājiem neplāno pārtraukt karsējamās tabakas produktu IQOS lietošanu.
Objectives. Heated tobacco products (HTP) in Latvian market first came in 2018, when heated tobacco system IQOS and disposable tobacco sticks HEETS (by Philip Morris International) were launched. World Health Organization declares that all forms of tobacco are harmful and there is no evidence demonstrating that HTPs are less harmful than conventional cigarettes. But HTPs just as conventional cigarettes contain nicotine which is the main reason people become addicted. This new trend with HTPs have spread globally and IQOS now is available in over 45 countries. The aim of the study was to estimate the awareness and use of heated tobacco products IQOS in Latvia. Materials and methods. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire which was held on the web for a month (November-December) in 2019. This questionnaire interviewed anyone (smokers and non-smokers) at least 18 years old and living in Latvia. Collected data were analyzed using the statistics program IBM SPSS. Results. 703 people were interviewed (74,5% women, 25,5% men). 76,6% (n=538) were current smokers. If asked whether they know or have heard of IQOS, positively answered 94,2% and 78,7% have at least once tried IQOS. There was found a statistically significant association between awareness of IQOS and different characteristics – age (χ2=31.253, p<0.0001), education (χ2=15.100, p<0.005), smoking status (94.026, p<0.0001) and “planning to quit smoking” status (χ2=93.160, p<0.0001). Current IQOS users are 62,3% (n=438). Less than 1 pack of HEETS uses 66,9%. 49,5% do not plan to quit using IQOS. Conclusion. Awareness of HTPs is very common in Latvia, most people are aware of IQOS and almost eight of ten people have ever tried it. Awareness is associated with age, education, smoking status and “planning to quit smoking” status. Most of IQOS smokers use less than one pack of HEETS every day. Almost half of IQOS users do not plan to quit using it.
Objectives. Heated tobacco products (HTP) in Latvian market first came in 2018, when heated tobacco system IQOS and disposable tobacco sticks HEETS (by Philip Morris International) were launched. World Health Organization declares that all forms of tobacco are harmful and there is no evidence demonstrating that HTPs are less harmful than conventional cigarettes. But HTPs just as conventional cigarettes contain nicotine which is the main reason people become addicted. This new trend with HTPs have spread globally and IQOS now is available in over 45 countries. The aim of the study was to estimate the awareness and use of heated tobacco products IQOS in Latvia. Materials and methods. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire which was held on the web for a month (November-December) in 2019. This questionnaire interviewed anyone (smokers and non-smokers) at least 18 years old and living in Latvia. Collected data were analyzed using the statistics program IBM SPSS. Results. 703 people were interviewed (74,5% women, 25,5% men). 76,6% (n=538) were current smokers. If asked whether they know or have heard of IQOS, positively answered 94,2% and 78,7% have at least once tried IQOS. There was found a statistically significant association between awareness of IQOS and different characteristics – age (χ2=31.253, p<0.0001), education (χ2=15.100, p<0.005), smoking status (94.026, p<0.0001) and “planning to quit smoking” status (χ2=93.160, p<0.0001). Current IQOS users are 62,3% (n=438). Less than 1 pack of HEETS uses 66,9%. 49,5% do not plan to quit using IQOS. Conclusion. Awareness of HTPs is very common in Latvia, most people are aware of IQOS and almost eight of ten people have ever tried it. Awareness is associated with age, education, smoking status and “planning to quit smoking” status. Most of IQOS smokers use less than one pack of HEETS every day. Almost half of IQOS users do not plan to quit using it.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
smēķēšana, karsējamās tabakas produkti, “karsēt-ne-dedzināt”, IQOS, smoking, heated tobacco products, heat-not-burn, IQOS