Pēcekstrakcijas alveolas saglabāšanas tehnikas
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Ievads. Zoba ekstrakcija ir indicēta tad, kad zobs nav atjaunojams vai nevar tikt saglabāts uz ilgāku laika periodu savas funkcijas vai estētikas dēļ. Kad zobs tiek ekstrahēts, alveolā notiek virkne bioloģisko un biofizisko procesu, kā rezultātā ir alveolāra kaula rezorbcija un atrofija, kas ievērojami ietekmē kaula dimensiju horizontālajā un vertikālajā aspektā. Mūsdienās mēģina ļoti saudzīgi ārstēt ekstrakcijas alveolas pēc zoba ekstrakcijas, lai apstādinātu šo procesu progresiju (Dibart et al.,2011), līdz ar to šobrīd gan ārsti, gan pacienti meklē augsta līmeņa ārstēšanas iespējas, kas nodrošinātu estētiku un funkciju pēc zoba ekstrakcijas. Šim nolūkam pastāv ķirurģiskās iejaukšanās kā alveolas pēcekstrakcijas saglabāšana, ko veic brīdī pēc ekstrakcijas, kas atļauj saglabāt alveolas dimensijas un kontūru. Šajā darbā tiek apkopota informācija par tehnikām un materiāliem pēcekstrakcijas alveolas saglabāšanai, to priekšrocībām un trūkumiem, un kad alveolas saglabāšana ir indicēta un kontrindicēta.
Mērķis. Izveidot literatūras apskatu, apkopojot jaunākos zinātniskos rakstus par pēcekstrakcijas alveolas saglabāšanas tehnikām un tās priekšrocībām un trūkumiem.
Materiāli un metodes. Zinātniski pētnieciskā darba literatūras meklēšana tika veikta, izmantojot Rīgas Stradiņa universitātei pieejamās tiešsaistes datubāzes: PubMed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Wiley online library u.c. Darbā izstrādāšanai tiek iekļauti pilna teksta zinātniskie raksti ar nosaukuma atbilstību tēmai, kas publicēti laika posmā no 1994.gada līdz 2022. gadam. Darbā tika iekļauta informācija no 65 zinātniskajiem rakstiem un 5 mācību grāmatām.
Secinājumi. Visbiežāk izmantojama tehnika, ko pielieto, ir biomateriāla ielikšana pēcekstrakcijas alveolā, ko var kombinēt kopā ar vadāmo kaula reģenerācijas metodi. Biomateriālus iedala: autogēnos transplantātos, kas var būt kaulaudu transplantāti, asins derivāti un zobi, ksenotransplantātos, allotransplantātos un alloplastos transplantātos. Katram materiālam ir savi priekšrocības, trūkumi un ierobežojumi, tāpēc tālākie pētījumi šajā jautājumā ir nepieciešami, lai noteiktu, kura tehnika ir visslābākā.
Introduction. Tooth extraction is indicated when it is not possible to save the tooth for a long time because of the esthetical or functional problems. When a tooth is extracted biological and biophysical processes happen in the socket, which result with alveolar bone resorption and atrophy that both effect socket dimension in vertical and horizontal aspect. Nowadays it is tried to preserve a socket after extraction in order to stop this process to progress (Dibart et al.,2011), that is why doctors and patients are seeking for high level treatment options that can ensure esthetic and function after the tooth extraction. There are surgical interventions, for example, a socket preservation-procedure that is done after the extraction of the tooth. It helps to preserve the socket descensions and contours. Socket preservation techniques and materials used after tooth extraction, their advantages and disadvantages and the cases, when it is indicated and contraindicated to use these techniques, will be researched and summarised in this work. Aim. To collect the information available in the medical literature and conduct the review of the latest scientific papers on socket preservation techniques and materials used after tooth extraction and analyse their their advantages and disadvantages. Material and methods. The literature used for the research was obtained from the online databases available at Riga Stradins University: PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, Wiley online library, EBSCO host etc. Inclusion criteria: full-text scientific papers with relevance to the topic, published between 1994 and 2022. The literature review includes information from 65 scientific articles and 5 textbooks. Conclusions. The most frequently used technique for socket preservation is biomaterial insertion in the socket that can be combined with a guided bone regeneration method. Biomaterials are divided into the following groups: autogenous transplants which can be an autogenous bone, autologous blood derivates and teeth, xenografts, allografts and alloplasts. Each of them has its advantages, disadvantages and limitations that is why further studies are needed to determine which is the best technique for the socket preservation.
Introduction. Tooth extraction is indicated when it is not possible to save the tooth for a long time because of the esthetical or functional problems. When a tooth is extracted biological and biophysical processes happen in the socket, which result with alveolar bone resorption and atrophy that both effect socket dimension in vertical and horizontal aspect. Nowadays it is tried to preserve a socket after extraction in order to stop this process to progress (Dibart et al.,2011), that is why doctors and patients are seeking for high level treatment options that can ensure esthetic and function after the tooth extraction. There are surgical interventions, for example, a socket preservation-procedure that is done after the extraction of the tooth. It helps to preserve the socket descensions and contours. Socket preservation techniques and materials used after tooth extraction, their advantages and disadvantages and the cases, when it is indicated and contraindicated to use these techniques, will be researched and summarised in this work. Aim. To collect the information available in the medical literature and conduct the review of the latest scientific papers on socket preservation techniques and materials used after tooth extraction and analyse their their advantages and disadvantages. Material and methods. The literature used for the research was obtained from the online databases available at Riga Stradins University: PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, Wiley online library, EBSCO host etc. Inclusion criteria: full-text scientific papers with relevance to the topic, published between 1994 and 2022. The literature review includes information from 65 scientific articles and 5 textbooks. Conclusions. The most frequently used technique for socket preservation is biomaterial insertion in the socket that can be combined with a guided bone regeneration method. Biomaterials are divided into the following groups: autogenous transplants which can be an autogenous bone, autologous blood derivates and teeth, xenografts, allografts and alloplasts. Each of them has its advantages, disadvantages and limitations that is why further studies are needed to determine which is the best technique for the socket preservation.
Description
Zobārstniecība
Dentistry
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Dentistry
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
‘‘alveolas saglabāšana, ‘‘kaula transplantāts”, ‘‘alveolas aizpildīšana’’, ‘‘autoģēnais transplantāts”, ‘‘allotransplantāts’’, ‘‘ksenotransplantāts”, ‘‘alloplastiskais transplantāts”, “autogēnie asins derivāti”, “dentīna matrica ” u.c. dažādās kombinācijās., ‘‘socket preservation’’, ‘‘bone graft’’, ‘‘socket grafting’’, ‘‘autologous bone’’, ‘‘allograft’’, ‘‘xenograft’’, ‘‘alloplastic graft’’, “autologous blood derivatives”, ‘‘bone substitutes’’, “dentin matrix” and other in different combinations.