Gripas vakcīnas aptveres palielināšanas iespējas: Francijas un Latvijas piemērs
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Maģistra darba tēma – “Gripas vakcīnas aptveres palielināšanas iespējas: Francijas un Latvijas piemērs”.
Vakcīnas samazina risku saslimt ar vairāk nekā 20 dzīvībai bīstamām slimībām, tai skaitā pret gripas vīrusa izraisīto slimību. Vakcīna pret gripas vīrusu pirmo reizi tika sākta lietota ap 1930.gadu, bet tomēr tās aptvere populācijā aizvien ir ļoti zema daudzās valstīs. Sezonālā gripa Francijā 2019./2020. gada sezonā izraisīja 3700 nāves gadījumu, salīdzinot ar 9500 mirušajiem iepriekšējā gadā, neskatoties uz to, ka vakcinēto personu īpatsvars valstī bija tuvu 50%. Informāciju vakcināciju pret gripas vīrusu par 2020. gadu Francijā iedzīvotāju vidū vecuma virs 65 gadi ir pozitīva jeb vakcīnu ir saņēmuši 59,9%. Tajā pat laikā Latvijas rādītājs 2020.gadā bija vien 11,7%, kas ir trešais zemākais rādītājs starp Ekonomiskās sadarbības un attīstības organizācija valstīm.
Gan Francijā, gan Latvijā ir sava veselības sistēma, ir sava stratēģija vakcinācijai pret gripas vīrusu, tomēr abās valstīs ir savi kavējošie faktori, kas traucē vakcinācijas līmeni sasniegt 75%, kas ir Pasaules Veselības organizācijas ieteiktais līmenis.
Ņemot vērā augstāk minētos faktus, šī darba mērķis ir izpētīt iespējas gripas vakcīnas aptveres palielināšanai Latvijā, izmantojot Francijas piemēru, un sagatavot praktiskas rekomendācijas.
Lai sasniegtu izvirzīto mērķi, ir pieci darba uzdevumi: izpētīt un salīdzināt Francijas un Latvijas veselības sistēmas un vakcināciju pret gripas vīrusu procesus, iepazīties ar Francijas farmācijas uzņēmumu un viņu praksi vakcinācijai pret gripas vīrus nodrošināšanā, un veidot fokusgrupas darbu vakcinācijas pret gripas vīrusa aptveres palielināšanai, izvērtēt Latvijas un Francijas veselības aprūpes speciālistu viedokli par vakcināciju pret gripas vīrus, kā arī iespējamos ietekmējošos un kavējošos faktorus, noskaidrot Latvijas iedzīvotāju domas par vakcināciju pret gripas vīrusu, kā arī ietekmējošos un kavējošos faktorus un sagatavot ideju praktiski pielietojamai metodi – lietotājprogrammai, kura varētu veicināt vakcināciju pret gripas aptveres palielināšanu.
Pētījuma rezultātā darba autore secināja, ka ir vairāki vakcinācijas kavējošie faktori, tai skaitā arī sabiedrības neuzticēšanās medicīnas personāla, iedzīvotāju daļēja informētība un nevēlēšanās piepūlēties, lai saņemtu vakcīnu. Kā arī ģimenes ārsti ir primārās personas, kas nodrošina vakcinācijas procesā, bet to darba laiks ir noslogots. Attiecīgi, ģimenes ārstu darbu Latvijā varētu atvieglot, ja tiktu izveidota aplikācija, kas būtu savienota ar e-veselību un kurā būtu atgādinājumi par vakcinācijas nepieciešamību.
Pētījuma rezultātā izveidotās rekomendācijas un aplikācijas ideja varētu veicināt vakcinācijas pret gripas vakcīna aptveres palielināšanu gan Francijā, gan Latvijā.
Behmane, Iveta. Gripas vakcīnas aptveres palielināšanas iespējas: Francijas un Latvijas piemērs. Maģistra darbs/zinātniekā vadītāja Dr.sc.administr., prof. Iveta Ludviga. Rīga: RSU, 2022. 102 lpp., 5 piel., 16 att.,
The topic of the master's thesis is "Possibilities for increase coverage of influenza vaccines: the example of France and Latvia". Vaccines reduce the risk of more than 20 life-threatening illnesses, including those caused by the flu virus. The flu vaccine was first used around the 1930s, but its coverage in the population is still very low in many countries. Seasonal flu in France in 2019/2020 caused 3,700 deaths, compared with 9,500 in the previous year, despite the fact that the proportion of people vaccinated in the country was close to 50%. Information on influenza vaccination for 2020 in France among the population over 65 years of age was 59.9%. At the same time, Latvia's indicator in 2020 was only 11.7%, which is the third lowest indicator among the countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Both France and Latvia have their own health systems and strategies for vaccinating against the flu virus, but both countries have their own barriers to reaching vaccination rates of 75%, the level recommended by the World Health Organization. Taking into account the above facts, the aim of this work is to study the possibilities for increasing the coverage of influenza vaccine in Latvia, using the example of France, and to prepare practical recommendations. In order to achieve the set goal, there are five tasks: to study and compare the French and Latvian health systems and influenza vaccination processes, to get acquainted with the French pharmaceutical company and their practice in providing influenza vaccination, and to form a focus group to increase the coverage of influenza vaccination., evaluate the opinion of Latvian and French healthcare professionals on vaccination against influenza viruses, as well as possible influencing and inhibiting factors, to find out the thoughts of the Latvian population about vaccination against influenza virus, as well as influencing and inhibiting factors and to prepare an idea for a practically applicable method - which could promote influenza vaccination coverage. As a result of the study, the author concluded that there are several factors hindering vaccination, including public distrust of medical staff, partial awareness of the population and unwillingness to try to get the vaccine. As well as General practitioners (GPs) or family doctors are the primary people who provide the vaccination process, but their working hours are busy. Accordingly, the work of family doctors in Latvia could be facilitated if an application was created that would be connected to e-health and that would contain reminders about the need for vaccination. The recommendations and application idea developed as a result of the research could promote the increase of influenza vaccination coverage in both France and Latvia. Behmane, Iveta. Possibilities for increase coverage of influenza vaccines: the example of France and Latvia. Master’s thesis/scientific advisor Dr.sc.administr., prof. Iveta Ludviga. Riga:
The topic of the master's thesis is "Possibilities for increase coverage of influenza vaccines: the example of France and Latvia". Vaccines reduce the risk of more than 20 life-threatening illnesses, including those caused by the flu virus. The flu vaccine was first used around the 1930s, but its coverage in the population is still very low in many countries. Seasonal flu in France in 2019/2020 caused 3,700 deaths, compared with 9,500 in the previous year, despite the fact that the proportion of people vaccinated in the country was close to 50%. Information on influenza vaccination for 2020 in France among the population over 65 years of age was 59.9%. At the same time, Latvia's indicator in 2020 was only 11.7%, which is the third lowest indicator among the countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Both France and Latvia have their own health systems and strategies for vaccinating against the flu virus, but both countries have their own barriers to reaching vaccination rates of 75%, the level recommended by the World Health Organization. Taking into account the above facts, the aim of this work is to study the possibilities for increasing the coverage of influenza vaccine in Latvia, using the example of France, and to prepare practical recommendations. In order to achieve the set goal, there are five tasks: to study and compare the French and Latvian health systems and influenza vaccination processes, to get acquainted with the French pharmaceutical company and their practice in providing influenza vaccination, and to form a focus group to increase the coverage of influenza vaccination., evaluate the opinion of Latvian and French healthcare professionals on vaccination against influenza viruses, as well as possible influencing and inhibiting factors, to find out the thoughts of the Latvian population about vaccination against influenza virus, as well as influencing and inhibiting factors and to prepare an idea for a practically applicable method - which could promote influenza vaccination coverage. As a result of the study, the author concluded that there are several factors hindering vaccination, including public distrust of medical staff, partial awareness of the population and unwillingness to try to get the vaccine. As well as General practitioners (GPs) or family doctors are the primary people who provide the vaccination process, but their working hours are busy. Accordingly, the work of family doctors in Latvia could be facilitated if an application was created that would be connected to e-health and that would contain reminders about the need for vaccination. The recommendations and application idea developed as a result of the research could promote the increase of influenza vaccination coverage in both France and Latvia. Behmane, Iveta. Possibilities for increase coverage of influenza vaccines: the example of France and Latvia. Master’s thesis/scientific advisor Dr.sc.administr., prof. Iveta Ludviga. Riga:
Description
Veselības vadība
Health management
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Health management
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Gripas vakcīnas aptveres palielināšana Latvijā/Francijā, Possibilities for increase coverage of influenza vaccines in Latvia/France