Indoor Environmental Factors Cause Childhood Bronchial Asthma
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Astma ir viena no visbiežāk sastopamajām hroniskam slimībām bērnu vidū. Astma reti izraisa nāvi, bet tai ir augsts saslimstības līmenis: tas negatīvi ietekmē bērnus, pasliktinot viņu dzīves kvalitāti un dažos gadījumos nopietni ietekmējot viņu spēju funkcionēt. Iekštelpu vides faktoriem ir svarīga loma sensibilizācijā un astmas izraisīšanā bērnu vecumā. Atklājot pareizu saikni starp iekštelpu vides faktoriem, kas ietekmē uz bērnu astmas attīstību, varēsim pieņemt labākas profilakses metodes. Sensibilizācija un ar pelēm alergēnu iedarbība bija saistīta ar neatliekamās palīdzības nodaļas apmeklējumu pieaugumu un FEV1/FVC procentuālo samazināšanos. Ir zināms, ka putekļu ērcītes izraisa vairāku alerģisku reakciju, tostarp rinokonjunktivīta, ar pārtiku alerģijas, atopiskā dermatīta un, alerģiskas astmas pasliktināšanos un smaguma palielināšanos. Saskaņā ar pētījumu tika konstatēts, ka prusaks kā alergēns ir spēcīgs riska faktors, un tika konstatēts, ka tas ir saistīts ar astmas saslimšanu. Runājot par pelējuma sēnītēm, Alternaria tika saistīta ar astmas slimnieku hospitalizāciju skaita palielināšanos, savukārt Penicillin spp – ar astmas slimnieku neplānotu apmeklējumu skaita un simptomu ilguma palielināšanos. Daudzos pētījumos iekštelpu tabakas dūmu iedarbība var izraisīt sēkšanu, apgrūtinātu elpošanu kā arī ar krītu abstradatas telpas virsmas var izraisīt astmas pasliktināšanās. Skolas telpās ir krīts, sausas un drupušas sienas un ārējās PM 2,5 gaisa daliņas, piesārņotāji no automašīnām, kalcija daļiņas no cementa bojāšanās, augsnes,utt. un pat tādi piesārņotāji kā NO2, piemēram, ozons. Tādējādi pieaug nepieciešamība iekštelpu vidē atrast, kas ietekmē astmas attīstību.
Asthma is one of the most common chronic disease of all the chronic diseases among the pediatric population. Asthma though rarely causes death, has high morbidity rates in this population and affects the children in a negative way, worsening their quality of life and in some cases severely affecting their ability to function. Indoor environmental factors play an important role in sensitization and triggering of asthma in the childhood population. The sensitization and exposure to mouse related allergens have been linked with increased visits to the acute care visits and decreased FEV1/FVC percentage values. Dust mites are also known to be associated to worsening and increasing the severity of several allergic reactions which include rhino-conjunctivitis, allergies related to food, atopic dermatitis, and lastly allergic asthma. Cockroach as an allergen was found according to a study, to be a strong and independent risk factor and was found to be associated with asthma morbidity. When talking about molds, Alternaria was associated with the increased in number of hospitalizations for asthmatics while Penicillin spp was associated with increasing of the unplanned visits for the asthmatic patients and increased the duration of the symptom. Many studies have associated the exposure of the indoor tobacco smoke to the clinical manifestation like wheezing, difficulty in breathing an, chalk, wall that is dry and degrading d worsening of the asthma. In the indoor environment of the school, chalk, wall that is dry and degrading and outdoor PM 2.5 particles, air pollutants from motor vehicles, calcium particles from wearing out cement, soil etc. and even pollutant like NO2, like ozone. Hence, there is a growing need to find the elements in indoor environment that influence in development of childhood asthma. With a proper link found between the indoor environmental factors that influence, aggravate, and worsen childhood asthma, we will be able to adopt better prevention methods.
Asthma is one of the most common chronic disease of all the chronic diseases among the pediatric population. Asthma though rarely causes death, has high morbidity rates in this population and affects the children in a negative way, worsening their quality of life and in some cases severely affecting their ability to function. Indoor environmental factors play an important role in sensitization and triggering of asthma in the childhood population. The sensitization and exposure to mouse related allergens have been linked with increased visits to the acute care visits and decreased FEV1/FVC percentage values. Dust mites are also known to be associated to worsening and increasing the severity of several allergic reactions which include rhino-conjunctivitis, allergies related to food, atopic dermatitis, and lastly allergic asthma. Cockroach as an allergen was found according to a study, to be a strong and independent risk factor and was found to be associated with asthma morbidity. When talking about molds, Alternaria was associated with the increased in number of hospitalizations for asthmatics while Penicillin spp was associated with increasing of the unplanned visits for the asthmatic patients and increased the duration of the symptom. Many studies have associated the exposure of the indoor tobacco smoke to the clinical manifestation like wheezing, difficulty in breathing an, chalk, wall that is dry and degrading d worsening of the asthma. In the indoor environment of the school, chalk, wall that is dry and degrading and outdoor PM 2.5 particles, air pollutants from motor vehicles, calcium particles from wearing out cement, soil etc. and even pollutant like NO2, like ozone. Hence, there is a growing need to find the elements in indoor environment that influence in development of childhood asthma. With a proper link found between the indoor environmental factors that influence, aggravate, and worsen childhood asthma, we will be able to adopt better prevention methods.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Astma, bronhiālā astma, bērniem, bērnība, iekštelpu vide, iekštelpu gaisa piesārņojums, āra gaisa piesārņojums, piesārņotājs, alergēns, putekļu ērcītes, grauzēji, tarakāni, pūkaini dzīvnieki, kaķi, suņi, tabakas dūmi, dūmi, ozons, NO2, PM 2, 5, krīts, skola, skolas iekštelpu vide, Asthma, Bronchial asthma, pediatric, childhood, Indoor environment, Indoor air pollution, outdoor air pollution, pollutant, allergen, dust mites, rodents, cockroach, furry animals, cats, dogs, tobacco smoke, smoke, ozone, NO2, PM 2.5, chalk, school, school indoor environment