Complications in orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment is effective for correcting dental misalignments and enhancing oral aesthetics, but it comes with potential complications that can affect the treatment outcome, oral health, and patient contentment.

Aim: This paper aims to present an overview of the most common complications related to orthodontic treatment and to examine scientific research on the factors contributing to these complications.

Methodology: Within this research, 72 articles and books published between 1987 and 2023 were used to collect information. Moreover, databases including Primo Discovery, Google Scholar, and PubMed were utilized to gather relevant studies and data.

Conclusion: The most common complications in orthodontics are external apical root resorption, periodontal complications, demineralization, allergic reactions, ulcerations, and pulpal damage with influencing factors including the treatment duration, type of orthodontic appliances used, age, sex, hormonal status, gingival phenotype, oral hygiene habits, systemic health conditions, and reversibility.