Praktizējošu ergoterapeitu pieredze darbā ar pacientiem paliatīvās aprūpes jomā Latvijā: kvalitatīvs pētījums
Notiek ielāde...
Datums
Autori
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Kopsavilkums
Bakalaura darba nosaukums: Praktizējošu ergoterapeitu pieredze darbā ar pacientiem paliatīvās aprūpes jomā Latvijā: kvalitatīvs pētījums.
Aktualitāte: Eiropā vairāk nekā 4 miljoniem cilvēkiem katru gadu ir nepieciešama paliatīvā aprūpe. Ar katru gadu arī Latvijā pieaug nepieciešamība pēc paliatīvās aprūpes. Dzīve ar dzīvildzi samazinošu slimību būtiski ietekmē indivīda spēju piedalīties ikdienas aktivitātēs un nodarbēs dažādu simptomu dēļ. Ergoterapeiti, strādājot ar pacientiem paliatīvajā aprūpē, cenšas sniegt atbalstu, lai nodrošinātu iespēju iesaistīties cilvēkam nozīmīgās ikdienas aktivitātēs. Tomēr viņi izjūt, ka šis potenciāls praksē netiek pilnībā izmantots.
Pētījuma jautājums: Kāda ir praktizējošu ergoterapeitu pieredze, strādājot ar pacientiem paliatīvajā aprūpē Latvijā?
Pētījuma mērķis: Izpētīt ergoterapeitu pieredzi, strādājot ar pacientiem paliatīvajā aprūpē Latvijā.
Pētījuma dizains: kvalitatīvs fenomenoloģisks pētījuma dizains.
Metodes: individuālas semi-strukturētas intervijas ar praktizējošiem ergoterapeitiem, kuri vismaz reizi mēnesī strādā ar pacientiem, kuri atbilst iepriekš definētiem atlases kritērijiem. Intervijas notika Zoom vai citā platformā, iegūtie dati tika transkribēti, pēc tam analizēti, izmantojot tematisko analīzi ar induktīvo pieeju.
Rezultāti: Intervijās piedalījās četri praktizējoši ergoterapeiti. Interviju ilgums bija 15,43- 35,53 min. Analizējot intervijas, tika identificētas četras galvenās tēmas: ergoterapeitu prasmes un pielietotās metodes, pacientu raksturojums, ergoterapeitu kompetences pašvērtējums un ierobežojumi praktiskajā darbībā.
Secinājumi: ergoterapeitu, kuri strādā paliatīvās aprūpes jomā, pacientu profils ir līdzīgs – tie ir pacienti ar komplikāciju risku, kā arī dažādiem fiziskiem ierobežojumiem, izmaiņām psiholoģiskajā un kognitīvajā stāvoklī, kā arī autonomijas zaudējumu. Ergoterapeiti, strādājot ar pacientiem paliatīvās aprūpes jomā, izmanto dažādas iejaukšanās metodes - aktivitāšu pielāgošanu, tuvinieku izglītošanu, radošās aktivitātes, tehnisko palīglīdzekļu pielietošanu, kā arī pielieto specifiskas zināšanas un prasmes, kas pielietojamas šai mērķgrupai. Savā praksē
paliatīvās aprūpes jomā ergoterapeiti saskaras ar dažādiem ierobežojumiem, kas ir saistīti ar emocionālo slodzi, pārslogotību, vides un tehnisko palīglīdzekļu nepieejamību, komunikācijas grūtībām ar pacientu un viņa tuviniekiem, ierobežotām zināšanām specifiskās situācijās un sabiedrības attieksmi pret paliatīvo aprūpi un nāves tēmu kopumā.
Atslēgas vārdi: paliatīvā aprūpe, ergoterapija, pieredze.
Title: Experience of practicing occupational therapists working with patients in palliative care in Latvia: A Qualitative Study. Background: In Europe, more than 4 million people require palliative care each year. The need for palliative care is also increasing annually in Latvia. Living with a life-limiting illness significantly affects an individual’s ability to participate in daily activities and occupations due to various symptoms. Occupational therapists working in palliative care aim to provide support to enable individuals to engage in meaningful daily activities. However, they feel that this potential is not fully utilized in practice. Research Question: What is the experience of practicing occupational therapists working with patients in palliative care in Latvia? Aim of the research: to explore the experience of practicing occupational therapists working with patients in palliative care in Latvia? Research design: qualitative phenomenological research design. Methods: individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with practicing occupational therapists who work at least once a month with patients meeting predefined selection criteria. The interviews took place via Zoom or another platform. The collected data were transcribed and then analyzed using thematic analysis with an inductive approach. Results: four practicing occupational therapists participated in the interviews. The interviews duration ranged from 15,43 – 35,53 minutes. Analysis of the interviews identified four main themes: occupational therapists skills and applied methods, patient characteristics, self-assessment of occupational therapist competencies and limitations in practical work. Conclusions: for occupational therapists working in the field of palliative care, the patient profile is similar – these are patients at risk of complications, as well as those with various physical limitations, changes in psychological and cognitive functioning, and loss of autonomy. Occupational therapists in palliative care apply various interventions methods – activity adaptation, caregiver education, creative activities, the use of assistive technologies, as well as specific knowledge and skills tailored to this target group. Occupational therapists in palliative care encounter a range of challenges, including emotional burden, overload, lack of access to appropriate environments and assistive devices, communication difficulties with patients and their relatives, limited knowledge in specific situations, and social attitudes towards palliative care and the topic of death in general. Key words: palliative care, occupational therapy, experience
Title: Experience of practicing occupational therapists working with patients in palliative care in Latvia: A Qualitative Study. Background: In Europe, more than 4 million people require palliative care each year. The need for palliative care is also increasing annually in Latvia. Living with a life-limiting illness significantly affects an individual’s ability to participate in daily activities and occupations due to various symptoms. Occupational therapists working in palliative care aim to provide support to enable individuals to engage in meaningful daily activities. However, they feel that this potential is not fully utilized in practice. Research Question: What is the experience of practicing occupational therapists working with patients in palliative care in Latvia? Aim of the research: to explore the experience of practicing occupational therapists working with patients in palliative care in Latvia? Research design: qualitative phenomenological research design. Methods: individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with practicing occupational therapists who work at least once a month with patients meeting predefined selection criteria. The interviews took place via Zoom or another platform. The collected data were transcribed and then analyzed using thematic analysis with an inductive approach. Results: four practicing occupational therapists participated in the interviews. The interviews duration ranged from 15,43 – 35,53 minutes. Analysis of the interviews identified four main themes: occupational therapists skills and applied methods, patient characteristics, self-assessment of occupational therapist competencies and limitations in practical work. Conclusions: for occupational therapists working in the field of palliative care, the patient profile is similar – these are patients at risk of complications, as well as those with various physical limitations, changes in psychological and cognitive functioning, and loss of autonomy. Occupational therapists in palliative care apply various interventions methods – activity adaptation, caregiver education, creative activities, the use of assistive technologies, as well as specific knowledge and skills tailored to this target group. Occupational therapists in palliative care encounter a range of challenges, including emotional burden, overload, lack of access to appropriate environments and assistive devices, communication difficulties with patients and their relatives, limited knowledge in specific situations, and social attitudes towards palliative care and the topic of death in general. Key words: palliative care, occupational therapy, experience
Description
Ergoterapija
Occupational Therapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Occupational Therapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care