Botulīntoksīna A dermatoloģiskais pielietojums un tā ietekme uz psihiskiem traucējumiem. Literatūras apskats
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Ievads. Botulīna neirotoksīns A (BoNT/A) tiek plaši izmantots dermatoloģijā
estētiskiem nolūkiem, tostarp sejas grumbu mazināšanai, piemēram, vertikālajām grumbām
starp uzacīm, horizontālajām pieres grumbām, kā arī pielietots arī hiperhidrozes ārstēšanā.
Turklāt tas ir uzrādījis potenciālu kā ārstēšanas līdzeklis psihisku traucējumu gadījumā, kad
injekcijas tiek veiktas glabellārajā reģionā esošajos sejas muskuļos, kas ir saistīti ar emociju
izteiksmi. Jaunākie pētījumi uzrāda, ka BoNT/A pielietojums uzlabo dermatoloģijas prakses
pacientu dzīves kvalitāti, kā arī tam var būt nozīme pat psihiatrisko traucējumu ārstēšanā.
Mērķis. Izvērtēt pieejamos klīniskos pētījumus (2019–2024) par BoNT/A izmantošanu
psihiatrisko traucējumu ārstēšanā, piemēram, depresijas un robežpersonības traucējumu
ārstēšanā, lai noskaidrotu tā efektivitāti un blakusparādības.
Metodes. Ievērojot PRISMA vadlīnijas, tika analizēti 2019.–2024. gada pētījumi no
Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, izmantojot atslēgvārdus: "botulinum toxin A",
"psychiatric disorders", "glabellar injections". No 1271 pētījuma, ievērojot iekļaušanas un
izslēgšanas kritērijus, atlasīti 5 randomizēti kontrolēti pētījumi ar pieaugušajiem, kuri saņēmuši
BoNT/A injekcijas glabellārajā reģionā: depresija (n = 2) un robežpersonības traucējumi (n =
3). Atsauces pārvaldītas ar Mendeley, dublikāti izdzēsti ar Covidence. Efektivitāte novērtēta ar
Cohen’s d, aprēķinot standartizēto vidējo atšķirību JASP programmatūrā. Rezultāti attēloti kā
forest plot, salīdzinot BoNT/A terapeitisko efektu no sākuma līmeņa līdz 6. un 12. nedēļai.
Rezultāti. BoNT/A injekcijas tika veiktas glabellārajā reģionā ar devām no 30 līdz 100
vienībām: onabotulinumtoxinA (30, 50 U), lanbotulinumtoxinA (100 U), incobotulinumtoxinA
(34 U). Izlase: depresija – 353 un robežpersonības traucējumi – 144. 479 dalībnieki (96,4%)
bija sievietes, kamēr 24 dalībnieki (4,8%) bija vīrieši. No tiem 18 vīrieši (75,0%) un 243
sievietes (50,7%) saņēma BoNT/A injekcijas, pārējie saņēma placebo (0,9% NaCl pie
depresijas, minimāla akupunktūra pie robežpersonības traucējumiem). Rezultāti liecina, ka
BoNT/A efektivitāte depresijas simptomu mazināšanā palielinājās laika gaitā, Cohen's d
vērtībai pieaugot no 0,26 (6. nedēļā) līdz 0,45 (12. nedēļā). Lai gan BoNT/A terapija uzrāda
potenciālu robežpersonības traucējumu ārstēšanā, tika novērotas minimālas izmaiņas, un
aprēķini nevarēja tikt veikti datu trūkuma dēļ. Visbiežākās blakusparādības BoNT/A grupā bija
galvassāpes (30,7%) un plakstiņu ptoze (12,5%).
Secinājumi. BoNT/A injekcijas glabellārā zonā samazina depresijas simptomus.
Visbiežākās blakusparādības BoNT/A grupā – galvassāpes un plakstiņu ptoze.
Introduction. Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is widely used in dermatology for aesthetic purposes, including the reduction of facial wrinkles such as vertical glabellar lines and horizontal forehead lines, as well as for the treatment of hyperhidrosis. BoNT/A shows potential for psychiatric treatment by targeting facial muscles in the glabellar region. Recent studies suggest it improves dermatology patients' quality of life and may aid psychiatric disorders. Objective. To evaluate the available clinical studies (2019–2024) on the use of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, specifically major depressive disorder and borderline personality disorder, in order to assess its efficacy and associated adverse effects. Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, studies from 2019 to 2024 were analyzed using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Keywords included "botulinum toxin A," "psychiatric disorders," and "glabellar injections." Of 1,271 identified studies, five randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria, involving adults with depression (n = 2) and borderline personality disorder (n = 3) receiving BoNT/A injections. References were managed with Mendeley, duplicates removed via Covidence, and efficacy assessed using Cohen’s d in JASP. Results were visualized in a forest plot, comparing BoNT/A’s effect from baseline to weeks 6 and 12. Results. BoNT/A injections were administered in the glabellar region at doses ranging from 30 to 100 units: onabotulinumtoxinA (30, 50 U), lanbotulinumtoxinA (100 U), and incobotulinumtoxinA (34 U). The sample included 353 patients with depression and 144 with borderline personality disorder. A total of 479 participants (96,4%) were female, while 24 (4,8%) were male. Among them, 18 males (75,0%) and 243 females (50,7%) received BoNT/A, while the remaining participants were given a placebo (0,9% NaCl for major depressive disorder, minimal acupuncture for borderline personality disorder). Results showed BoNT/A's efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms increased over time (Cohen’s d: 0,26 at week 6 to 0,45 at week 12), indicating sustained improvement. While BoNT/A showed potential for borderline personality disorder, minimal changes and data limitations hindered further analysis. The most common side effects in the BoNT/A group were headaches (30,7%) and eyelid ptosis (12,5%). Conclusions. BoNT/A injections in the glabellar region effectively reduce depressive symptoms. The most commonly reported side effects in the BoNT/A group were headaches and eyelid ptosis.
Introduction. Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) is widely used in dermatology for aesthetic purposes, including the reduction of facial wrinkles such as vertical glabellar lines and horizontal forehead lines, as well as for the treatment of hyperhidrosis. BoNT/A shows potential for psychiatric treatment by targeting facial muscles in the glabellar region. Recent studies suggest it improves dermatology patients' quality of life and may aid psychiatric disorders. Objective. To evaluate the available clinical studies (2019–2024) on the use of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, specifically major depressive disorder and borderline personality disorder, in order to assess its efficacy and associated adverse effects. Methods. Following PRISMA guidelines, studies from 2019 to 2024 were analyzed using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Keywords included "botulinum toxin A," "psychiatric disorders," and "glabellar injections." Of 1,271 identified studies, five randomized controlled trials met inclusion criteria, involving adults with depression (n = 2) and borderline personality disorder (n = 3) receiving BoNT/A injections. References were managed with Mendeley, duplicates removed via Covidence, and efficacy assessed using Cohen’s d in JASP. Results were visualized in a forest plot, comparing BoNT/A’s effect from baseline to weeks 6 and 12. Results. BoNT/A injections were administered in the glabellar region at doses ranging from 30 to 100 units: onabotulinumtoxinA (30, 50 U), lanbotulinumtoxinA (100 U), and incobotulinumtoxinA (34 U). The sample included 353 patients with depression and 144 with borderline personality disorder. A total of 479 participants (96,4%) were female, while 24 (4,8%) were male. Among them, 18 males (75,0%) and 243 females (50,7%) received BoNT/A, while the remaining participants were given a placebo (0,9% NaCl for major depressive disorder, minimal acupuncture for borderline personality disorder). Results showed BoNT/A's efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms increased over time (Cohen’s d: 0,26 at week 6 to 0,45 at week 12), indicating sustained improvement. While BoNT/A showed potential for borderline personality disorder, minimal changes and data limitations hindered further analysis. The most common side effects in the BoNT/A group were headaches (30,7%) and eyelid ptosis (12,5%). Conclusions. BoNT/A injections in the glabellar region effectively reduce depressive symptoms. The most commonly reported side effects in the BoNT/A group were headaches and eyelid ptosis.
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Medicīna
Medicine
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Health Care
Medicine
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Health Care
Atslēgas vārdi
Botulīna neirotoksīns A, glabellārais reģions, depresija, robežpersonības traucējumi, psihiskie traucējumi, estētiskā dermatoloģija, dermatoloģija, psihiatrija, glabellārā reģiona injekcijas, randomizēti kontrolēti pētījumi, Botulinum toxin A, glabellar region, depression, borderline personality disorder, psychiatric disorders, aesthetic dermatology, dermatology, psychiatry, glabellar injections, randomized controlled trials