Burnout in Healthcare Workers: Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Priekšvēsture: Izdegšanas sindroms ir ar darbu saistītā slimība, kas attīstās sekundāri hroniskajam stresam, kurš netiek pienācīgi pārvaldīts, rezultātā.
Mērķis: Šajā pārskatā tiek aprakstīta COVID-19 pandēmijas ietekmei uz izdegšanas sindromu, tā etioloģiju un izplatību.
Izdegšanas sindroma galvenās raksturīgās iezīmes ir: nepārvarams emocionālais izsīkums, depersonalizācija un pazeminātas darbspējas, kas vienlīdz ietekmē gan darba kvalitāti, gan darbinieku garīgo labsajūtu. Ņemot vērā pierādījumus, ka izdegšana attīstās kā reakcija uz hronisku stresu, galvenie faktori, kas veicina izdegšanu parastos darba scenārijos, ir veicamo uzdevumu veids (monotoni, garlaicīgi, atkārtojoši, nepildinoši, nestimulējoši), neelastīgs darba grafiks, maza lēmumu pieņemšanas kontrole nepatīkama darba vide. COVID-19 pandēmijas laikā papildu stresori veicināja izdegšanas attīstību vēl plašākā mērā, papildinot jau iepriekš esošās problēmas ar citiem stresoru kopumiem, kas ietvēra konfliktējošas lomas, vadlīniju vai uzraudzības trūkumu, pagarinātas darba stundas, neatbalstošu darba vidi, personāla trūkumu, drošības trūkumu un bailes inficēties. Darbs COVID nodaļās izraisīja sociālo izolāciju un rutīnas traucējumus, kas vēl vairāk palielināja emocionālo un uzvedības slodzi. Runājot par izdegšanas izplatību, precīzu datu trūkuma dēļ ir grūti salīdzināt pirms un pēc pandēmijas laikmetu, taču dažādu pētījumu rezultāti liecina, ka COVID-19 tikai padziļināja jau iepriekš pastāvošo problēmu, kas iepriekš tika ignorēta un nepietiekami novērtēta.
Secinājumi: Veselības aprūpes sistēmas pareizai darbībai ir būtiski izprast un risināt izdegšanas un, konkrētāk, medicīnas darbinieku garīgās labsajūtas problēmu. Pandēmijas ilgtermiņa sekas uz izdegšanas sindromu joprojām tiek pētītas, kā arī izdegšanas ārstēšanas efektivitāte, jo trūkst datu un ir maz pētījumu par šo tematu. Lai pārvarētu izdegšanas slogu, mūsdienās vislabākā pieejamā iespēja ir profilakse. Darba vides uzlabošana un darbinieku vajadzību izpratne ir ļoti svarīga, lai saglabātu gan veselības aprūpes speciālistu fizisko, gan garīgo labsajūtu un nodrošinātu viņiem vislabvēlīgākos darba apstākļus, lai sniegtu optimālu pacientu aprūpi.
Background: Burnout syndrome is defined as an occupational condition which develops secondary to a condition of chronic stress which is not adequately managed. Aim: This review focus on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on burnout syndrome mostly at a level of its differences in aetiology and prevalence. The burnout main characteristic features are overwhelming emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased work performance, which project equally both on the quality of work and on the workers mental wellbeing. Given the evidence that burnout develops in response to chronic stress, the key factors that promotes burnout in regular working scenarios are the type of tasks performed (monotonous, boring, repetitive, unfulfilling, not stimulating), inflexible schedules, little control over decision-making unpleasant working environment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, additional stressors contributed to burnout development in an even a more extensive way, adding to the preexisting issues, other sets of stressors encompassing from conflicting roles, lack of guidelines or supervision, prolonged working hours, unsupportive working environment, shortage of staff, lack of safety and fear to contract the infection. Working in COVID wards led to social isolation and disruption of routine, which further contributed to the emotional and behavioral burden. As far as the burnout prevalence is concerned, it is difficult to make a comparison between the pre- and post-pandemic era, due to lack of precise data, but what the results of different research show, is that COVID-19 only worsens a preexisting issue, which has been previously neglected and underestimated. Conclusions: Understanding and addressing the importance burnout and more specifically of the mental wellbeing of medical professionals, is essential for the proper functioning of the healthcare system. The long-term consequence of the pandemic on burnout syndrome are still under investigations, as well as the efficacy of burnout treatments, due to the absence of data and little research available on the topic. To overcome the burnout burden, the best option available nowadays, is prevention. Improving the working environment and understanding the workers’ needs is pivotal for preserving both physical and mental wellbeing of the healthcare professionals and to provide them with the most favorable working conditions in to deliver optimal patient care.
Background: Burnout syndrome is defined as an occupational condition which develops secondary to a condition of chronic stress which is not adequately managed. Aim: This review focus on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on burnout syndrome mostly at a level of its differences in aetiology and prevalence. The burnout main characteristic features are overwhelming emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased work performance, which project equally both on the quality of work and on the workers mental wellbeing. Given the evidence that burnout develops in response to chronic stress, the key factors that promotes burnout in regular working scenarios are the type of tasks performed (monotonous, boring, repetitive, unfulfilling, not stimulating), inflexible schedules, little control over decision-making unpleasant working environment. During the COVID-19 pandemic, additional stressors contributed to burnout development in an even a more extensive way, adding to the preexisting issues, other sets of stressors encompassing from conflicting roles, lack of guidelines or supervision, prolonged working hours, unsupportive working environment, shortage of staff, lack of safety and fear to contract the infection. Working in COVID wards led to social isolation and disruption of routine, which further contributed to the emotional and behavioral burden. As far as the burnout prevalence is concerned, it is difficult to make a comparison between the pre- and post-pandemic era, due to lack of precise data, but what the results of different research show, is that COVID-19 only worsens a preexisting issue, which has been previously neglected and underestimated. Conclusions: Understanding and addressing the importance burnout and more specifically of the mental wellbeing of medical professionals, is essential for the proper functioning of the healthcare system. The long-term consequence of the pandemic on burnout syndrome are still under investigations, as well as the efficacy of burnout treatments, due to the absence of data and little research available on the topic. To overcome the burnout burden, the best option available nowadays, is prevention. Improving the working environment and understanding the workers’ needs is pivotal for preserving both physical and mental wellbeing of the healthcare professionals and to provide them with the most favorable working conditions in to deliver optimal patient care.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care