Kontracepcijas lietošanas paradumi sievietēm dažāda vecuma grupās
Notiek ielāde...
Datums
Autori
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Kopsavilkums
Pētījuma mērķis
Noskaidrot kontracepcijas metožu izmantošanu sieviešu vidū dažāda vecuma grupās (18-19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-40).
Teorētiskais modelis, uz kuru balstās pētījums
Katru gadu kontracepcija novērš 188 miljonus neplānotu grūtniecību, kā rezultātā - par 112 miljoniem mazāk abortu, par 1.1 miljonu mazāk jaundzimušo nāves un par 150 000 mazāk māšu mirstību (Darroch and Singh, 2013; World Contraception Day, 2015). Vairāk nekā 90% abortu tiek veikti sakarā ar nevēlamām vai neparedzētām grūtniecībām. Lielākā daļa neplānoto grūtniecību iestājās kontracepcijas nelietošanas dēļ (Cleland, 2020). Pētījumi, ko veica ASV, parādīja, ka gan vecums (Godfrey et al., 2016; Metcalfe et al., 2016), gan attiecību statuss vairāk saistāmi ar kontracepcijas metodi, nekā citi demogrāfiskie dati (Manning et al., 2009). Izpratne par to, kas ietekmē kontracepcijas metodes izvēli ir būtiska, lai nodrošinātu saderību ar lietotāju dzīvesveidu (Firman et al., 2018).
Pētījuma hipotēze
Jaunākās sievietes ar nepastāvīgu partneri izvēlas metodes, kas pasargā no seksuāli transmisīvām infekcijām (prezervatīvu), bet vecākās sievietes, kam ir ilgstošās attiecības , izvēlas ilgdarbīgas metodes (intrauterīno spirāli, implantu), kā arī citas metodes – tabletes, injekcijas, riņķus, utt.
Pētījuma metodes raksturojums
Bakalaura darbs izstrādāts kā kvantitatīvs šķērsgriezuma salīdzinošais pētījums, kura ietvaros tika izpētīta kontracepcijas lietošana sievietēm reproduktīvā vecumā. Darba autors izmanto autora Firman (Firman et al., 2018) anketu par reproduktīvo veselību, sociāli demogrāfiskiem datiem un kontracepcijas metodi kā sava pētījuma instrumentu (sk. 3. pielikumu). Iegūtie dati no 207 anketām tika analizēti, lai noskaidrotu kontracepcijas lietošanas atšķirības dažāda vecuma grupās.
Galvenie pētījuma rezultāti un secinājumi
1. Pētījuma ietvaros tika secināts, ka neskatoties uz vecuma atšķirībām un ģimenes stāvokli, sievietes izmanto prezervatīvu un pārtraukto dzimumaktu kā visbiežāku kontracepciju.
2. Tika novērots, ka visās vecuma grupās ir vēlme saņemt seksuālo izglītošanu skolā, īpaši no medicīnas speciālistiem, bet tajā pašā laikā respondenti vēlas gūt informāciju arī no saviem vecākiem.
3. Attiecību veidam un ilgumam ir ietekme uz pašlaik lietoto kontracepciju, bet precīzākai analīzei jāpievērš uzmanība citiem attiecības raksturojošiem parametriem.
Iegūto rezultātu praktiskā pielietojamība
Iegūtie rezultāti var tikt ņemti par pamatu seksuālās izglītības ieviešanai skolās un izglītošanas kampaņu izveidei. Svarīgi, lai speciālisti konsultējot pacientes par kontracepcijas nepieciešamību un plašo izvēli, balstītos uz valstī veiktajiem pētījumiem un ārvalstu pētījumiem. Kā arī doto pētījumu var izmantot kā bāzi turpmākajiem pētījumiem vai jauno vadlīniju izveidē.
Aim of the research To find out the use of contraceptive methods among women in different age groups (18-19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-40). Theoretical model of the research Each year, contraception prevents 188 million unplanned pregnancies which results in 112 million fewer abortions, 1.1 million fewer newborn deaths, and 150,000 fewer maternal deaths (Darroch and Singh, 2013; World Contraception Day, 2015). More than 90% of abortions are performed on pregnancies that are unwelcome or unintended. Most of unintended pregnancies are due to non-use of contraception (Cleland, 2020). Studies in the United States have shown both age (Godfrey et al., 2016; Metcalfe et al., 2016) and relationship characteristics to be more strongly associated with contraceptive method than other demographic factors (Manning et al., 2009). An understanding of influences on contraceptive method choice is essential to provision compatible with users’ lifestyles (Firman et al., 2018). Research hypothesis Younger woman with the inconstant partner choose methods which protect against sexually transmitted infections (condoms), but older woman who have long-term relationship choose long-acting methods (intrauterine device, implant) as well as other methods – pills, injections, rings etc. Description of the research method The bachelor’s thesis has been developed as a quantitative cross-sectional comparative study, in which was studied the use of contraception in women of childbearing age. The author uses the questionnaire of the author Firman (Firman et al., 2018) about reproductive health, sociodemographic data and the method of contraception as a research method (see appendix nr. 3). The obtained data from 207 questionnaires was analysed in order to determine differences of contraception use in different age groups. Main results and conclusions of the research 1. This study concluded that despite age differences and marital status, condoms and withdrawal are used by women as the most common methods of contraception. 2. It was observed that in all age groups there is a desire to receive sexual education at school, especially from medical specialists, but at the same time respondents want to get information from their parents as well. 3. Duration and relationship status have an impact on the currently used contraception, but for deeper analysis, it is important to pay attention on the other parameters that characterize couple’s relationship. Practical use of the obtained results The obtained results can be used as a basis for the formation of the sexual education in schools and the development of educational campaigns. It is crucial for specialists to consult patients about the need of contraception and a wide choice, based on national and foreign research. Also, this study can be used as a basis for a future research or new guidelines.
Aim of the research To find out the use of contraceptive methods among women in different age groups (18-19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-40). Theoretical model of the research Each year, contraception prevents 188 million unplanned pregnancies which results in 112 million fewer abortions, 1.1 million fewer newborn deaths, and 150,000 fewer maternal deaths (Darroch and Singh, 2013; World Contraception Day, 2015). More than 90% of abortions are performed on pregnancies that are unwelcome or unintended. Most of unintended pregnancies are due to non-use of contraception (Cleland, 2020). Studies in the United States have shown both age (Godfrey et al., 2016; Metcalfe et al., 2016) and relationship characteristics to be more strongly associated with contraceptive method than other demographic factors (Manning et al., 2009). An understanding of influences on contraceptive method choice is essential to provision compatible with users’ lifestyles (Firman et al., 2018). Research hypothesis Younger woman with the inconstant partner choose methods which protect against sexually transmitted infections (condoms), but older woman who have long-term relationship choose long-acting methods (intrauterine device, implant) as well as other methods – pills, injections, rings etc. Description of the research method The bachelor’s thesis has been developed as a quantitative cross-sectional comparative study, in which was studied the use of contraception in women of childbearing age. The author uses the questionnaire of the author Firman (Firman et al., 2018) about reproductive health, sociodemographic data and the method of contraception as a research method (see appendix nr. 3). The obtained data from 207 questionnaires was analysed in order to determine differences of contraception use in different age groups. Main results and conclusions of the research 1. This study concluded that despite age differences and marital status, condoms and withdrawal are used by women as the most common methods of contraception. 2. It was observed that in all age groups there is a desire to receive sexual education at school, especially from medical specialists, but at the same time respondents want to get information from their parents as well. 3. Duration and relationship status have an impact on the currently used contraception, but for deeper analysis, it is important to pay attention on the other parameters that characterize couple’s relationship. Practical use of the obtained results The obtained results can be used as a basis for the formation of the sexual education in schools and the development of educational campaigns. It is crucial for specialists to consult patients about the need of contraception and a wide choice, based on national and foreign research. Also, this study can be used as a basis for a future research or new guidelines.
Description
Vecmāte
Midwifery
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Midwifery
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care