Saskarsmes spējas mērīšanas instrumenti bērniem ar kognitīvās attīstības traucējumiem no 3 līdz 8 gadiem: darbības jomu noteikšanas parskats.
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Saskarsmes spējas, kas ietver emociju izpratni un sociālo normu ievērošanu, ir būtiskas bērnu attīstībai. Šo spēju trūkums var radīt nopietnas problēmas, īpaši bērniem ar kognitīviem traucējumiem, kuri bieži saskaras ar izaicinājumiem komunikācijā un sociālajā mijiedarbībā (Moon et al., 2019; Koopmans et al., 2022). Agrīna šo prasmju stimulēšana veicina veiksmīgu bērnu integrāciju sabiedrībā un akadēmiskos panākumus (Horishna, 2022). Nepieciešams identificēt instrumentus, kas piemēroti saskarsmes spēju novērtēšanai un noskaidrot to psihometriskos radītājus (Herbuela et al., 2024).
Lai izvērtētu šo spēju noteikšanas iespējas, tika izvirzīts darbības jomas noteikšanas pārskata mērķis: izpētīt saskarsmes spēju mērīšanas instrumentus un to lietošanas iespējas bērniem ar kognitīvās attīstības traucējumiem vecumā no 3 līdz 8 gadiem, noskaidrojot to teorētisko pamatu, vērtēšanas kritērijus un pamatotības un drošuma rādītāju atbilstību psihometrikas normām.
Teorētiskajā daļā aplūkotas saskarsmes spēju definīcijas, nozīme bērnu attīstībā, kā arī šo spēju novērtēšanas teorētiskie un metodoloģiskie aspekti, kā arī psihometriskie standarti saskarsmes spēju instrumentu novertēšanai. Veidojot darbības jomas noteikšanas pārskatu tika iekļauti pētījumi par instrumenta izstrādi vai adaptāciju, un ir piemēroti bērniem vecumā no 3 līdz 8 gadiem, piemēroti bērniem ar kognitīvas attīstības traucējumiem. Šis pārskats tika veikts, pamatojoties uz Džoannas Brigsas Institūtes (JBI) metodoloģiju un ietvēra pētījumu atlasi četros posmos, izmantojot PRISMA tīmekļa platformu. Datu ieguvei tika pielāgota un izmantota kodēšanas lapa, kas sākotnēji tika izstrādāta Donas Betsas (Donna Betts) 2005. gada disertācijā (Betts, 2005). Pētījumu metodoloģiskās kvalitātes izvērtēšanai tika lietots modificēts JBI kontrolsaraksts “Sistematisko Pārskatu un Pētījumu Sintēžu Kritiskās Novērtēšanas Kontrolsaraksts” (JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses) (JBI, 2020). Pētījumu metodoloģisko kvalitāti izvērtēja divi neatkarīgi pētnieki.
Pētījumā tika secināts, ka esošie instrumenti bieži balstās uz fragmentārām pieejām un spēj noteikt tikai atsevišķus saskarsmes aspektus, kas ierobežo to pielietojamību kompleksās situācijās. Analizētiem instrumentiem trūkst datu par pamatotības un drošuma radītājiem un ne visi pieejamie dati liecina par šo instrumentu atbilstību psihometrikas normām.
Darbs sniedz nozīmīgu ieguldījumu teorētiskajā un praktiskajā izpratnē par saskarsmes spēju mērīšanas instrumentiem, uzsverot nepieciešamību pēc to pilnveides un turpmākiem pētījumiem.
Social communication skills, which include understanding emotions and observing social norms, are essential for the development of children. The lack of these skills can cause serious problems, especially in children with cognitive impairments, who often face challenges in communication and social interaction (Moon et al., 2019; Koopmans et al., 2022). Early stimulation of these skills contributes to the successful integration of children into society and their academic success (Horishna, 2022). It is necessary to identify instruments for measuring social communication skills and define its psychometrics indicators (Herbuela et al., 2024). The scoping review's objective was to evaluate the possibilities of measuring these skills: to study the instruments for measuring social communication skills and their use in children with cognitive disabilities 3-8 years old, clarifying their theoretical basis, evaluation criteria, and compliance of validity and reliability indicators to the norm of psychometrics. The theoretical part discusses the definitions of social communication skills, the importance of the development of children, as well as theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing these abilities and psychometric standards for the assessment of instruments. When creating a scoping review, studies on the development or adaptation of the instruments were included, suitable for children from 3 to 8 years of age, for children with cognitive disabilities. This review was conducted based on the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and included the selection of studies in four phases using the PRISMA web platform. A coding sheet was adapted and used to retrieve the data, which was originally developed in Don Betts' 2005 dissertation (Betts, 2005). A modified Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist "JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses" (JBI, 2020) was used to assess the methodological quality of the research. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated by two independent researchers. The study concluded that existing instruments are often based on fragmentary approaches and are able to measure only individual aspects of social communication skills, which limits their applicability in complex situations. There is not enough data for the analysed instruments about validity and reliability indicators and not all available data comply with psychometric norms. The work makes a significant contribution to the theoretical and practical understanding of instruments for measuring social communication skills, emphasizing the need for their improvement and further research.
Social communication skills, which include understanding emotions and observing social norms, are essential for the development of children. The lack of these skills can cause serious problems, especially in children with cognitive impairments, who often face challenges in communication and social interaction (Moon et al., 2019; Koopmans et al., 2022). Early stimulation of these skills contributes to the successful integration of children into society and their academic success (Horishna, 2022). It is necessary to identify instruments for measuring social communication skills and define its psychometrics indicators (Herbuela et al., 2024). The scoping review's objective was to evaluate the possibilities of measuring these skills: to study the instruments for measuring social communication skills and their use in children with cognitive disabilities 3-8 years old, clarifying their theoretical basis, evaluation criteria, and compliance of validity and reliability indicators to the norm of psychometrics. The theoretical part discusses the definitions of social communication skills, the importance of the development of children, as well as theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing these abilities and psychometric standards for the assessment of instruments. When creating a scoping review, studies on the development or adaptation of the instruments were included, suitable for children from 3 to 8 years of age, for children with cognitive disabilities. This review was conducted based on the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and included the selection of studies in four phases using the PRISMA web platform. A coding sheet was adapted and used to retrieve the data, which was originally developed in Don Betts' 2005 dissertation (Betts, 2005). A modified Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist "JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses" (JBI, 2020) was used to assess the methodological quality of the research. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated by two independent researchers. The study concluded that existing instruments are often based on fragmentary approaches and are able to measure only individual aspects of social communication skills, which limits their applicability in complex situations. There is not enough data for the analysed instruments about validity and reliability indicators and not all available data comply with psychometric norms. The work makes a significant contribution to the theoretical and practical understanding of instruments for measuring social communication skills, emphasizing the need for their improvement and further research.
Description
Veselības psiholoģija
Health psychology
Psiholoģija
Psychology
Health psychology
Psiholoģija
Psychology
Atslēgas vārdi
saskarsmes spējas, saskarsmes spēju traucējumi, darbības jomas noteikšanas pārskats, bērni ar kognitīvās attīstības traucējumiem, saskarsmes spējas mērīšanas instrumenti, bērni vecumā no 3 līdz 8 gadiem., social communication skills, social communication skills disorders, scoping review, children with cognitive development disorders, instruments for measuring social communication skills, children from 3 to 8 years.