Kolorektālā vēža skrīninga programmas Eiropas Savienības dalībvalstīs
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Date
2023
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Kolorektālais vēzis ir nozīmīga sabiedrības veselības problēma Eiropā. Daudzos gadījumos kolorektālais vēzis ir novēršams un efektīvi ārstējams, ja tiek diagnosticēts agrīnā stadijā. Viens no veidiem, kā to nodrošināt, ir kolorektālā vēža skrīnings. Darba mērķis bija noskaidrot un salīdzināt, kā ES dalībvalstis ir īstenojušas kolorektālā vēža skrīninga programmas, un to atbilstību Eiropas Padomes sniegtajām Rekomendācijām un Eiropas vadlīnijām. Pētnieciskais darbs ir veidots kā literatūras apskats, kura ietvaros tika izskatīts Starptautiskā Vēža izpētes aģentūras 2017. gadā izdotais ziņojums par vēža skrīninga īstenošanu Eiropas Savienībā, un meklēti jaunākie dati par programmu īstenošanu ES dalībvalstīs, izmantojot citējamo žurnālu datubāzes un oficiālās mājaslapas. Tika secināts, ka kolorektālā skrīninga programmas Eiropas Savienībā būtiski atšķiras, kā piemēram pēc programmas plašuma (nacionāls/reģionāls), mērķa grupas vecuma un izmantotā skrīninga testa. Lielākā daļa dalībvalstu kā primāro kolorektālā vēža skrīninga testu izmanto fēču imūnķīmisko slēpto asiņu piejaukuma noteikšanu. Bulgārija, Rumānija un Slovākija ir vienīgās ES dalībvalstis, kurās kolorektālā vēža skrīninga programmas nav iesviestas. Taču, neskatoties uz atšķirībām, ES dalībvalstīs programmas tiek pakāpeniski uzlabotas un attīstītas, kas varētu nodrošināt efektīvāku skrīningu visā ES.
Colorectal cancer is a major public health problem in Europe. In many cases, colorectal cancer is preventable and effectively treated if diagnosed at an early stage. One way to ensure this is through colorectal cancer screening. The aim of the current research work was to find out and compare how EU member states have implemented colorectal cancer screening programs and their compliance with the Recommendations provided by the Council of Europe and European guidelines. The research work is designed as a literature review, wherein the report by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2017 on the implementation of cancer screening in the EU was examined, and the latest data on the implementation of programs in the EU was examined using databases of cited journals and official websites. It was concluded that colorectal screening programs in the European Union differ significantly, such as in the breadth of the program (national/regional), the age of the target group and the screening test used. Most Member States use faecal immunochemical test as the primary screening test for colorectal cancer. Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia are the only EU member states that have not implemented colorectal cancer screening programs. However, despite the differences, EU member states are gradually improving and developing programs that could provide more effective screening across the EU.
Colorectal cancer is a major public health problem in Europe. In many cases, colorectal cancer is preventable and effectively treated if diagnosed at an early stage. One way to ensure this is through colorectal cancer screening. The aim of the current research work was to find out and compare how EU member states have implemented colorectal cancer screening programs and their compliance with the Recommendations provided by the Council of Europe and European guidelines. The research work is designed as a literature review, wherein the report by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2017 on the implementation of cancer screening in the EU was examined, and the latest data on the implementation of programs in the EU was examined using databases of cited journals and official websites. It was concluded that colorectal screening programs in the European Union differ significantly, such as in the breadth of the program (national/regional), the age of the target group and the screening test used. Most Member States use faecal immunochemical test as the primary screening test for colorectal cancer. Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia are the only EU member states that have not implemented colorectal cancer screening programs. However, despite the differences, EU member states are gradually improving and developing programs that could provide more effective screening across the EU.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
kolorektālais vēzis, skrīnings, Eiropas Savienība, colorectal cancer, screening, European Union