Mātes un jaundzimušo dzemdību iznākumu salīdzinājums pacientēm ar 1. un 2. tipa diabētu
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Kopsavilkums
Ievads: Gan pirmā, gan otrā tipa diabēta prevalence pieaug visā pasaulē, arī Latvijā. Tas skar visas iedzīvotāju grupas, tostarp arī reproduktīvā vecuma sievietes. Lai arī abiem diabēta tipiem ir viena raksturīgā izpausme – paaugstināts glikozes līmenis asinīs - to patoģenēze, norise un ārstēšana atšķiras, kas rada jautājumus arī par grūtniecības iznākumu atšķirībām. Šis pētījums salīdzina grūtniecības iznākumus pacientem ar 1. un 2. tipa cukura diabētu
Pētījuma mērķis: Salīdzināt dzemdību komplikāciju un jaundzimušo patoloģiju biežumu pacientēm ar pirms grūtniecības iestāšanās diagnosticētu 1. vai 2. tipa diabētu un veselām grūtniecēm, kuras dzemdējušas PSKUS laika posmā no 2019.g. 1.janvāra līdz 2022.g. 31. decembrim.
Materiāli un metodes: No PSKUS arhīva tika iegūti dati par 433 sievietēm: 106 (24 %) no tām bija pirms grūtniecības iestāšanās diagnosticēts 1.tipa diabēts, 27 (6 %) - 2. tipa diabēts un 300 (69 %) sievietēm nebija diagnosticēti glikozes tolerances traucējumi. Dati tika apkopoti Microsoft Excel tabulās un analizēti izmantojot IBM SPSS 29.
Rezultāti: Pacientes ar 2.tipa diabētu bija vidēji vecākas (36,07 gadi, SD = 4,14) nekā pacientes ar 1. tipa diabētu (29,83 gadi, SD = 4,95), (p<0.05). Gan izvēles ķeizargrieziena (1.TD: 29,25 %, 2.TD: 29,63 %), gan akūta ķeizargrieziena (1.TD: 30,19 %, 2.TD: 29,63 %) rādītāji bija augstāki pacientēm ar diabētu, salīdzinot ar kontroles grupu (izvēles: 6,67 %, akūti: 9,67 %), (p<0.05).
Fetāla makrosomija (1.TD: 19,81 %, 2.TD: 25,93 %) biežāk bija sastopama pacientēm ar diabētu (īpaši 2. tipa CD) nekā kontroles grupā (2,33%), (p < 0,05). Gestācijas hipertensija biežāk tika novērota diabēta pacientiem (1.TD: 11,32 %, 2.TD: 7,41 %; p > 0,05) nekā kontroles grupai (2,33%). Preeklampsijas rādītāji bija līdzīgi abās grupās (1.TD: 19,82 %, 2.TD: 18,52 %), bet tie bija nozīmīgi augstāki nekā kontroles grupā (3 %), (p < 0,05). Pacientēm ar 1. tipa diabētu sekundārs dzemdību darbības vājums bija biežāk (9,43 %) nekā 2. tipa CD un kontroles grupas pacientiem (3,70% un 3,33%), (p < 0,05)
Secinājumi: Pacientēm ar diabētu biežāk tika veikts ķeizargrieziens (gan plānveida, gan ārkārtas) nekā pacientēm bez glikozes tolerances traucējumiem. Pacientēm ar 1. tipa diabētu biežāk tika novērots sekundārs dzemdību darbības vājums, savukārt pacientes ar 2. tipa diabētu bija vecākas un augļiem biežāk tika diagnosticēta fetāla makrosomija.
Objectives: The prevalence of both type one and type two diabetes is increasing worldwide, including Latvia. This affects all population groups, not excluding women of reproductive age. Although both types of diabetes share a common characteristic - elevated blood glucose levels - their pathogenesis, progression, and treatment differ, raising questions about differences in pregnancy outcomes. This study compares pregnancy outcomes in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes Aim of the study: Compare the frequency of childbirth complications and neonatal pathologies among patients diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes before pregnancy and healthy pregnant women who gave birth at PSKUS between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022. Materials and methods: To achieve this objective, data about 433 women were obtained from PSKUS archive: 106 (24 %) of them had before pregnancy diagnosed type 1 diabetes, 27 (6 %) had type 2 diabetes, and 300 (69 %) had no previously diagnosed glucose tolerance disorders. Data were compiled in Mircorsoft Excel and analyzed by IBM SPSS 29. Results: Women with type 2 diabetes were older on average (36,07 years, SD = 4,14) than patients with type 1 diabetes (29,83 years, SD = 4,95), (p < 0,001). Both elective (T1DM: 29,25 %; T2DM: 29,63 %) and emergency cesarean section rates (T1DM: 30,19 %; T2DM: 29,63 %) were higher in patients with diabetes compared to the controls (elective: 6,67 %; emergency: 9,67 %), (p < 0,001). Fetal macrosomia (T1DM: 19,81 %; T2DM: 25,93 %) was more common in patients with diabetes (escpecially T2DM), than in control group (2,33%), (p < 0,05). Gestational hypertension was more common in women with diabetes (1.TD: 11,32 %, 2.TD: 7,41 %; p > 0,05), than in control group (3%), (p < 0,05). Preeclampsia rates were similarly elevated in patients with diabetes (T1DM: 19,82 %; T2DM: 18,52 %), while being significantly higher than in control group (3%), (p < 0,05). Patients with type 1 diabetes had secondary uterine inertia more frequently (9,43 %) than patients with type 2 DM and control group (3,70 % and 3,33%), (p < 0,05) Conclusions: Both elective and emergency cesarean section rates were similarly elevated in diabetic patients in comparison to control group. Type 1 diabetes was associated with secondary uterine inertia more frequently, while type 2 correlated with older maternal age and fetal macrosomia.
Objectives: The prevalence of both type one and type two diabetes is increasing worldwide, including Latvia. This affects all population groups, not excluding women of reproductive age. Although both types of diabetes share a common characteristic - elevated blood glucose levels - their pathogenesis, progression, and treatment differ, raising questions about differences in pregnancy outcomes. This study compares pregnancy outcomes in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes Aim of the study: Compare the frequency of childbirth complications and neonatal pathologies among patients diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes before pregnancy and healthy pregnant women who gave birth at PSKUS between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022. Materials and methods: To achieve this objective, data about 433 women were obtained from PSKUS archive: 106 (24 %) of them had before pregnancy diagnosed type 1 diabetes, 27 (6 %) had type 2 diabetes, and 300 (69 %) had no previously diagnosed glucose tolerance disorders. Data were compiled in Mircorsoft Excel and analyzed by IBM SPSS 29. Results: Women with type 2 diabetes were older on average (36,07 years, SD = 4,14) than patients with type 1 diabetes (29,83 years, SD = 4,95), (p < 0,001). Both elective (T1DM: 29,25 %; T2DM: 29,63 %) and emergency cesarean section rates (T1DM: 30,19 %; T2DM: 29,63 %) were higher in patients with diabetes compared to the controls (elective: 6,67 %; emergency: 9,67 %), (p < 0,001). Fetal macrosomia (T1DM: 19,81 %; T2DM: 25,93 %) was more common in patients with diabetes (escpecially T2DM), than in control group (2,33%), (p < 0,05). Gestational hypertension was more common in women with diabetes (1.TD: 11,32 %, 2.TD: 7,41 %; p > 0,05), than in control group (3%), (p < 0,05). Preeclampsia rates were similarly elevated in patients with diabetes (T1DM: 19,82 %; T2DM: 18,52 %), while being significantly higher than in control group (3%), (p < 0,05). Patients with type 1 diabetes had secondary uterine inertia more frequently (9,43 %) than patients with type 2 DM and control group (3,70 % and 3,33%), (p < 0,05) Conclusions: Both elective and emergency cesarean section rates were similarly elevated in diabetic patients in comparison to control group. Type 1 diabetes was associated with secondary uterine inertia more frequently, while type 2 correlated with older maternal age and fetal macrosomia.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care