Ergoterapijas pirmsākumi Latvijā profesijas pionieru skatījumā
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Bakalaura darba nosaukums: “Ergoterapijas pirmsākumi Latvijā profesijas pionieru skatījumā”.
Bakalaura darba autors: Marika Maslovska, RSU Rehabilitācijas fakultātes studiju programmas “Ergoterapija” studente.
Aktualitāte: Ergoterapijas profesijas pirmsākumi meklējami 20. gadsimta beigās uzreiz pēc Latvijas neatkarības atjaunošanas, kad 1995. gadā 10 ārsti, kuri strādāja dažādās medicīnas nozarēs, sāka apgūt ergoterapiju pēc modificētas studiju programmas, kas tika realizēta Latvijas medicīnas akadēmijā ar Zviedrijas ergoterapeitu asociācijas atbalstu. Pēc pusotra gada pirmie ergoterapeiti sāka strādāt Latvijas ārstniecības iestādēs. Līdz šim ir bijuši tikai daži mēģinājumi skaidrot ergoterapijas profesijas attīstību Latvijā.
Pētījuma mērķis: Aprakstīt un analizēt ergoterapijas kā profesijas attīstības pirmsākumu Latvijā ergoterapijas pionieru skatījumā.
Pētījuma metodes: Gadījuma analīzes pētījums, kurā izpētes fenomens – ergoterapijas pirmsākumi Latvijā. Pētījumā piedalījās septiņi dalībnieki, kuri bija saistīti ar ergoterapijas ieviešanu Latvijā un atbilda vienam no iekļaušanas kritērijiem: dalība modificētajā Ergoterapijas studiju programmā un ergoterapeita darbs laika periodā 1996. – 2000. gads vai dalība modificētās studiju programmas organizēšanā un realizācijā. Pētījumā kopumā piedalījās septiņi dalībnieki, no kuriem pieci bija apguvuši ergoterapiju, studējot modificētajā Ergoterapijas studiju programmā un vēlāk uzsākot praksi ergoterapijā, un divi dalībnieki – izglītības un veselības darba organizatori, kuri veicināja ergoterapijas studiju programmas un ergoterapeitu prakses attīstību profesijas pirmsākumos.
Informācijas iegūšanai tika izmantota daļēji strukturētu intervija. Intervija tika realizēta atbilstoši intervijas protokolam, kurā bija nosauktas galvenās intervijas tēmas: šķēršļi/grūtības ergoterapijas programmas realizācijas sākumā; studiju process/mācības; prakses vietu attīstīšana rehabilitācijas centros un slimnīcās. Iegūtie dati tika analizēti, izmantojot intervijas satura analīzes deduktīvo metodi.
Rezultāti un rezultātu analīze: Pētījuma dalībnieku pieredze par Ergoterapijas pirmsākumiem un iesaisti programma attīstīšanā, tika apkopota šādās sadaļās: piedzīvotais studiju sākumposmā, studiju process, ergoterapija profesijas attīstība Latvijā 21. gadsimtā. Izdalot iekšējos un ārējos priekšnosacījumus, tika analizēti ergoterapijas profesijas attīstību veicinošie un kavējošie faktori. Dalībnieku pieredze tika analizēta kontekstā ar citu valstu pieredzi.
Secinājumi: Vairākums pirmo ergoterapeitu – profesijas pionieru kā profesijas attīstību veicinošus nosauca šādus faktorus: labvēlīga vēsturiskā situācija – pirmie gadi pēc valstiskās neatkarības atgūšanas, palīdzība no starptautiskajām organizācijām un attīstītajām kaimiņvalstīm; kā kavējošos faktorus nosauca šādus: pirmajiem ergoterapeitiem grūti izprast ergoterapiju kā profesiju, tās vietu veselības aprūpes sistēmā, gan ārstniecības personu vidū, gan sabiedrībā kopumā
Title of the bachelor thesis: “The Origins of Occupational Therapy in Latvia from the View of Pioneers of the Profession.” Author of the bachelor thesis: Marika Maslovska, student of study programme “Occupational therapy”, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradiņš University. Background: Occupational therapy has originated at the end of 20th century right after Latvia restored its independence, when in the year 1995 ten doctors, who worked in different medical domains, started to learn occupation therapy according to the modified study programme, which was conducted in the Medicine Academy of Latvia with the support of Swedish association of occupational therapists. First occupational therapists started the work in the medical facilities of Latvia after one and a half years. Until now there have been only a few attempts to explain the origins of occupational therapy in Latvia. Objective: To describe and analyze the origins of occupational therapy as a profession from the point of view of occupational therapy pioneers. Methods: Case study research design was used, with the phenomenon – origins of occupational therapy in Latvia. The research involved seven participants, which were connected with the introduction of occupational therapy in Latvia and conformed to one of the criteria: has participated in the modified Occupational therapy study programme, has worked as an occupational therapist in the period between the years 1996 – 2000 or has participated in the organization and implementation of the modified study program. The research included overall seven participants from which five had studied occupational therapy in the modified study program, after which they started working as occupational therapists, and two participants – organizers of higher education and health care, who promoted the development of occupational therapy study program and the occupational therapy practice at the beginning of this profession. A semi structured interview was used to obtain information. The interview was conducted in accordance with the interview protocol, which included the main topics of the interview: obstacles/difficulties at the beginning of occupational therapy study program implementation; study procedure/studies; the development of practice places in rehabilitation centers and hospitals. The acquired data were analyzed by using the deductive method of interview content analysis. Results and discussion: The experience of research participants about the origins of occupational therapy and the involvement in the development of programs was compiled in the following sections: the experience at the beginning of studies, study procedure, the development of occupational therapy as a profession in the 21st century in Latvia. Factors that promote and hinder the development of occupational therapy were analyzed by dividing the inner and outer preconditions. The experience of pioneers of profession was analyzed within the context of the experience of occupation
Title of the bachelor thesis: “The Origins of Occupational Therapy in Latvia from the View of Pioneers of the Profession.” Author of the bachelor thesis: Marika Maslovska, student of study programme “Occupational therapy”, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradiņš University. Background: Occupational therapy has originated at the end of 20th century right after Latvia restored its independence, when in the year 1995 ten doctors, who worked in different medical domains, started to learn occupation therapy according to the modified study programme, which was conducted in the Medicine Academy of Latvia with the support of Swedish association of occupational therapists. First occupational therapists started the work in the medical facilities of Latvia after one and a half years. Until now there have been only a few attempts to explain the origins of occupational therapy in Latvia. Objective: To describe and analyze the origins of occupational therapy as a profession from the point of view of occupational therapy pioneers. Methods: Case study research design was used, with the phenomenon – origins of occupational therapy in Latvia. The research involved seven participants, which were connected with the introduction of occupational therapy in Latvia and conformed to one of the criteria: has participated in the modified Occupational therapy study programme, has worked as an occupational therapist in the period between the years 1996 – 2000 or has participated in the organization and implementation of the modified study program. The research included overall seven participants from which five had studied occupational therapy in the modified study program, after which they started working as occupational therapists, and two participants – organizers of higher education and health care, who promoted the development of occupational therapy study program and the occupational therapy practice at the beginning of this profession. A semi structured interview was used to obtain information. The interview was conducted in accordance with the interview protocol, which included the main topics of the interview: obstacles/difficulties at the beginning of occupational therapy study program implementation; study procedure/studies; the development of practice places in rehabilitation centers and hospitals. The acquired data were analyzed by using the deductive method of interview content analysis. Results and discussion: The experience of research participants about the origins of occupational therapy and the involvement in the development of programs was compiled in the following sections: the experience at the beginning of studies, study procedure, the development of occupational therapy as a profession in the 21st century in Latvia. Factors that promote and hinder the development of occupational therapy were analyzed by dividing the inner and outer preconditions. The experience of pioneers of profession was analyzed within the context of the experience of occupation
Description
Ergoterapija
Occupational Therapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Occupational Therapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
ergoterapijas vēsture, profesijas pionieri, priekšnosacījumi., the history of occupational therapy, pioneers of profession, preconditions.