Trauksmes simptomu izplatība pēcdzemdību periodā un saistība ar dzemdību sagatavošanās kursu apmeklētību
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Nosaukums: Trauksmes simptomu izplatība pēcdzemdību periodā un saistība ar dzemdību sagatavošanās kursu apmeklētību
Mērķis: Noskaidrot, vai trauksmes simptomu izplatība pēcdzemdību periodā ir saistīta ar dzemdību sagatavošanās kursu apmeklētību
Aktualitāte: Pēcdzemdību periods sievietēm ir nozīmīgs un emocionāli sarežģīts laiks, kurā bieži tiek novēroti trauksmes simptomi. Šī stāvokļa izplatība var nelabvēlīgi ietekmēt sievietes pašsajūtu, spējas aprūpēt bērnu un kopējo pēcdzemdību pieredzi. Starptautiski pētījumi liecina, ka pēcdzemdību periodā trauksmes simptomi skar 10–20 % sieviešu, bet dažās valstīs pat vairāk nekā trešdaļu. Dzemdību sagatavošanās kursi tiek atzīti par efektīvu līdzekli, kas palīdz samazināt trauksmi un veicina pozitīvu dzemdību un pēcdzemdību pieredzi. Tomēr nav pietiekami daudz datu par to, cik lielā mērā šie kursi ir saistīti ar trauksmes simptomu izplatību tieši pēcdzemdību periodā.
Pētījuma dizains: Kvantitatīvs neeksperimentāls šķērsgriezuma pētījums.
Pētījuma metodes: Dati tika ievākti tiešsaistes aptaujas veidā, izmantojot elektronisko platformu “visidati.lv”, no 2025. gada 8. marta līdz 18. maijam. Pētījumā piedalījās 198 sievietes, kuras tika sadalītas pētījuma un kontroles grupā, izmantojot kvotu metodi. Aptauja ietvēra jautājumus par sociāldemogrāfiskajiem rādītājiem, dzemdību sagatavošanās kursu apmeklējumu, medicīniskajiem rādītājiem un STAI-Y - Spīlbergera stāvokļa un iezīmju trauksmes anketu (Trauksmes stāvokļa – iezīmes pašnovērtējuma anketa). Datu apstrādē tika izmantotas aprakstošās statistikas metodes, Šapiro-Vilka tests datu normalitātes pārbaudei, neatkarīgo izlašu t-tests un Manna-Vitnija U tests atšķirību izvērtēšanai, kā arī Hī kvadrāta tests (χ²) kvalitatīvo mainīgo saistības novērtēšanai. Rezultātiem tika noteikts statistiskās nozīmības līmenis (p<0,05), un datu analīze tika veikta ar IBM SPSS Statistics 29. versiju.
Secinājumi: Tika konstatēts, ka gandrīz pusei pēcdzemdību periodā esošo sieviešu ir “mērena trauksme”, bet trešdaļai – “zema trauksme”, kamēr augsta trauksme ir retāka. Dzemdību sagatavošanās kursu apmeklējums nebija saistīts ar trauksmes simptomu atšķirībām. Sievietēm ar iepriekš diagnosticētu psihisku saslimšanu bija augstāks iezīmes trauksmes līmenis – vispārēja tendence būt trauksmainām. Savukārt stāvokļa trauksme, kas ataino īslaicīgu satraukumu konkrētā situācijā, neatšķīrās. Turpretī medicīniskās komplikācijas sievietei dzemdību vai pēcdzemdību laikā bija saistītas ar viņas paaugstinātu gan stāvokļa, gan iezīmes trauksmi, kamēr sievietēm, kuru bērniem novērotas komplikācijas, šāda saistība netika konstatēta.
Darba struktūra: Bakalaura darbs ir strukturēts 6 nodaļās un 29 apakšnodaļās. Kopējais bakalaura darba apjoms ir 54 lappuses, ieskaitot 5 tabulas, 6 attēlus un 4 pielikumus. Izmantoti 86 literatūras avoti.
Atslēgas vārdi: pēcdzemdību trauksme, dzemdību sagatavošanās kursi, stāvokļa trauksme, iezīmes trauksme, psihiskā veselība pēcdzemdību periodā
Title: Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms in the Postpartum Period and Their Association with Participation in Childbirth Preparation Courses Objective: To determine whether the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period is associated with participation in childbirth preparation courses. Relevance: The postpartum period is a significant and emotionally challenging time for many women, during which anxiety symptoms are often observed. The prevalence of this condition can negatively impact a woman’s well-being, her ability to care for her child, and the overall postpartum experience. International studies indicate that 10–20% of women experience anxiety symptoms postpartum, with some countries reporting rates exceeding one-third. Childbirth preparation courses are recognized as an effective tool for reducing anxiety and fostering a positive birth and postpartum experience. However, there is insufficient data on the extent to which these courses are associated with postpartum anxiety symptom prevalence. Study Design: Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected via an online survey on the electronic platform “visidati.lv” from March 8 to May 18, 2025. The study included 198 women, divided into study and control groups using a quota sampling method. The survey covered sociodemographic indicators, childbirth preparation course attendance, medical data, and the STAI-Y – Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistical methods, the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess data normality, independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate differences, and the chi-square test (χ²) to assess associations between categorical variables were used in data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and data analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 29. Findings: The results showed that nearly half of postpartum women experienced moderate anxiety, while one-third experienced low anxiety, and high anxiety was relatively rare. Participation in childbirth preparation courses was not associated with differences in anxiety symptoms. Women with a previously diagnosed mental disorder had higher trait anxiety – a general tendency to be anxious. However, state anxiety, reflecting a temporary situational anxiety, did not differ between groups. In contrast, medical complications during childbirth or postpartum were associated with elevated levels of both state and trait anxiety, whereas complications in the newborn were not associated with increased maternal anxiety. Structure of the Thesis: The bachelor’s thesis is structured into 6 chapters and 29 subsections. The total length of the thesis is 54 pages, including 5 tables, 6 figures, and 4 appendices. A total of 86 literature sources were used. Keywords: postpartum anxiety, childbirth preparation courses, state anxiety, trait anxiety, postpartum mental health.
Title: Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms in the Postpartum Period and Their Association with Participation in Childbirth Preparation Courses Objective: To determine whether the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period is associated with participation in childbirth preparation courses. Relevance: The postpartum period is a significant and emotionally challenging time for many women, during which anxiety symptoms are often observed. The prevalence of this condition can negatively impact a woman’s well-being, her ability to care for her child, and the overall postpartum experience. International studies indicate that 10–20% of women experience anxiety symptoms postpartum, with some countries reporting rates exceeding one-third. Childbirth preparation courses are recognized as an effective tool for reducing anxiety and fostering a positive birth and postpartum experience. However, there is insufficient data on the extent to which these courses are associated with postpartum anxiety symptom prevalence. Study Design: Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected via an online survey on the electronic platform “visidati.lv” from March 8 to May 18, 2025. The study included 198 women, divided into study and control groups using a quota sampling method. The survey covered sociodemographic indicators, childbirth preparation course attendance, medical data, and the STAI-Y – Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistical methods, the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess data normality, independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate differences, and the chi-square test (χ²) to assess associations between categorical variables were used in data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, and data analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 29. Findings: The results showed that nearly half of postpartum women experienced moderate anxiety, while one-third experienced low anxiety, and high anxiety was relatively rare. Participation in childbirth preparation courses was not associated with differences in anxiety symptoms. Women with a previously diagnosed mental disorder had higher trait anxiety – a general tendency to be anxious. However, state anxiety, reflecting a temporary situational anxiety, did not differ between groups. In contrast, medical complications during childbirth or postpartum were associated with elevated levels of both state and trait anxiety, whereas complications in the newborn were not associated with increased maternal anxiety. Structure of the Thesis: The bachelor’s thesis is structured into 6 chapters and 29 subsections. The total length of the thesis is 54 pages, including 5 tables, 6 figures, and 4 appendices. A total of 86 literature sources were used. Keywords: postpartum anxiety, childbirth preparation courses, state anxiety, trait anxiety, postpartum mental health.
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Midwifery
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Midwifery
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care