Cilvēku vecuma grupas 18-65 gadi informētība par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm.
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Aktualitāte. Gremošanas trakta pazīmes ir izplatītas visā pasaulē, vidēji katrai ceturtajai sievietei un katram septītajam vīrietim ir bijuši gremošanas trakta slimību pazīmes dzīves laikā. SPKC dati liecina, 2020. gadā no stacionētajiem pieaugušajiem pacientiem izrakstīti ar gremošanas trakta patoloģiju kopā 2001 pacienti, stacionārā mirušo cilvēku skaits ar gremošanas trakta patoloģijām bija 142. Latvijā 2020. gadā nāves cēlonis 51.9 cilvēkiem uz 100 000 iedzīvotāju bija gremošanas sistēmas saslimšanas. Pētījumu dati liecina, ka zema līmeņa veselības pratībai ir asociācija ar sliktāku kopējo veselības stāvokli.
Metodes. Lai izpētītu cilvēku vecuma grupas 18-65 gadi informētību par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm, tika izmantota kvantitatīvā pētījuma metode – pētījuma mērķa grupas anketēšana internetā, laika posmā no 2022. gada 8. februāra līdz 2022. gada 27. februārim. Iegūtie dati tika šifrētā veidā ievadīti Microsoft Office Excel datorprogrammā. Datu statistiskā analīze tika veikta SPSS v.26.0. Datus analizē un attēlošanā tika izmantotas vispārpieņemtas aprakstošās statistikas metodes – kopsavilkumu tabulas, stabiņu un sektora diagrammas, Pearson’s Chi-square tests, lai salīdzinātu statistiskās asociācijas starp pētījuma grupām.
Rezultāti. Pētījumā piedalījās 274 respondenti, vecumā no 18 līdz 65 gadiem, respondentu vidējais vecums 29 gadi. Kopā piedalījās 65% sievietes (n=178) un 35% vīrieši (n=96), ar dažādiem izglītības līmeņiem un profesiju/nodarbošanos. No anketētajiem respondentiem 79.6% uzskata, ka nezina pietiekami daudz informācijas par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm. Lielākā daļa respondentu uzskata, ka vemšana ar asinīm 90% (n=248), vēdera izeja ar asins piejaukumu 86.5% (n=237), straujš ķermeņa masas zudums 73.4% (n=201), sataustāms veidojums vēderā 69.3% (n=190), pēkšņas sāpes vēderā 58.4% (n=160) ir bīstamas gremošanas trakta pazīmes. Visbiežākais zināšanu ieguves avoti par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm ir interneta avoti 63.6% (n=173), 37.5% (n=102) ārsts, 33.5% (n=91) skolotāji/pasniedzēji un 33.5% (n=91) ģimene.
Secinājumi. No pētījuma rezultātiem var secināt, ka tikai 15% no respondentiem ir informēti par visām gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm. Respondenti vidēji atpazīts 4 no 10 bīstamajās gremošanas trakta pazīmēm. Tiek novērotas statistiski nozīmības atšķirības starp vecuma grupu, dzimumu, izglītības līmeni, profesiju/nodarbošanos saistībā ar informētību un vēlmi papildu iegūt zināšanas par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm. Dzīves laikā lielākā daļa respondentu ir piedzīvojuši vismaz 1 gremošanas trakta bīstamo pazīmi, taču uzskata, ka nezina pietiekami daudz informāciju par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm. Papildu zināšanas par gremošanas trakta bīstamajām pazīmēm vēlas iegūt lielākā daļa no respondentiem.
Relevance. Signs of the digestive tract are common around the world, on average every fourth woman and every seventh man has had experienced signs of digestive tract during their lifetime. Data from SPKC shows that in 2020 the total number of discharged patients from hospital with gastrointestinal pathology was 2001, the total number of patients that died in hospital with digestive tract pathology was 142. In 2020, 51.9 deaths per 100 000 population had digestive system diseases in Latvia. Research data shows that a low-level health awareness has a relation to a worse overall health condition. Methods. A quantitative research method was used to study individuals of the age group 18-65 years awareness of dangerous digestive tract signs, the surveying of the research target group was performed during the period from 8th February 2022 to 27th February 2022. The gathered data was encrypted and entered in Microsoft Office Excel software. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS v.26.0 software. The data was analysed and presented using generally accepted descriptive statistical methods – summary tables, column and pie charts, and Pearson's Chi-square test to compare statistical relationships between study groups. Results. 274 respondents, aged 18 to 65, participated in the research, the average age being 29 years. A total of 65% of women (n = 178) and 35% of men (n = 96), with different levels of education and profession /occupation participated. 79.6% out of surveyed respondents consider, that they do not know enough about dangerous digestive tract signs. The majority of respondents consider that dangerous digestive tract signs are vomiting with blood 90% (n = 248), abdominal output with blood mixture 86.5% (n = 237), rapid weight loss 73.4% (n = 201), palpable abdominal mass 69.3% (n = 190), sudden abdominal pain 58.4% (n = 160). The most common information sources about the dangerous digestive tract signs are Internet resources 63.6% (n = 173), doctor 37.5% (n = 102), teachers/lecturers 33.5% (n = 91) and family 33.5% (n = 91). Conclusions. Research results allow to conclude that only 15% of the respondents were aware of all dangerous signs of the digestive tract. On average 4 out of 10 dangerous signs of the digestive tract were recognized by the respondents. Statistically significant differences in relevance between age group, gender, level of education, profession/occupation in terms of awareness and the desire to acquire further knowledge of the dangerous characteristics of the digestive tract were observed. During their lifetime, most respondents have experienced at least 1 dangerous digestive tract sign, however, the respondents believe that they are not as knowledgeable of dangerous digestive tract signs. Most of the respondents would like to attain additional knowledge about dangerous digestive tract signs.
Relevance. Signs of the digestive tract are common around the world, on average every fourth woman and every seventh man has had experienced signs of digestive tract during their lifetime. Data from SPKC shows that in 2020 the total number of discharged patients from hospital with gastrointestinal pathology was 2001, the total number of patients that died in hospital with digestive tract pathology was 142. In 2020, 51.9 deaths per 100 000 population had digestive system diseases in Latvia. Research data shows that a low-level health awareness has a relation to a worse overall health condition. Methods. A quantitative research method was used to study individuals of the age group 18-65 years awareness of dangerous digestive tract signs, the surveying of the research target group was performed during the period from 8th February 2022 to 27th February 2022. The gathered data was encrypted and entered in Microsoft Office Excel software. Statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS v.26.0 software. The data was analysed and presented using generally accepted descriptive statistical methods – summary tables, column and pie charts, and Pearson's Chi-square test to compare statistical relationships between study groups. Results. 274 respondents, aged 18 to 65, participated in the research, the average age being 29 years. A total of 65% of women (n = 178) and 35% of men (n = 96), with different levels of education and profession /occupation participated. 79.6% out of surveyed respondents consider, that they do not know enough about dangerous digestive tract signs. The majority of respondents consider that dangerous digestive tract signs are vomiting with blood 90% (n = 248), abdominal output with blood mixture 86.5% (n = 237), rapid weight loss 73.4% (n = 201), palpable abdominal mass 69.3% (n = 190), sudden abdominal pain 58.4% (n = 160). The most common information sources about the dangerous digestive tract signs are Internet resources 63.6% (n = 173), doctor 37.5% (n = 102), teachers/lecturers 33.5% (n = 91) and family 33.5% (n = 91). Conclusions. Research results allow to conclude that only 15% of the respondents were aware of all dangerous signs of the digestive tract. On average 4 out of 10 dangerous signs of the digestive tract were recognized by the respondents. Statistically significant differences in relevance between age group, gender, level of education, profession/occupation in terms of awareness and the desire to acquire further knowledge of the dangerous characteristics of the digestive tract were observed. During their lifetime, most respondents have experienced at least 1 dangerous digestive tract sign, however, the respondents believe that they are not as knowledgeable of dangerous digestive tract signs. Most of the respondents would like to attain additional knowledge about dangerous digestive tract signs.
Description
Pediatrija
Pediatrics
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Pediatrics
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Gremošanas trakts, bīstamās pazīmes, sarkanā karoga simptomi, veselības pratība, Digestive tract, dangerous signs, red flag symptoms, health literacy