Conservative Management of Acute Non-complicated Diverticulitis
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Divertikuloze ir plaši izplatīta Rietumu pasaulē mūsdienu dzīvesveida dēļ. Tās sastopamība pieaug arī pasaules mērogā. Neskatoties uz augstu šīs slimības sastopamību, vēljoprojām nav panākta vienošanās par specifisku divertikulīta smaguma pakāpes klasifikāciju. Nekomplicēta divertikulīta ārstēšanā bieži tiek izmantota antibakteriāla terapija, neskatoties uz trūkstošiem pierādījumiem attiecībā uz tās efektivitāti. Nesen ārstēšanas taktika ir mainījusies jaunāko pētījumu dēļ, jo tiek pierādīts, ka ārstēšana bez antibiotikām ir tikpat efektīva.
Šī literatūras apskata mērķis ir apkopot akūta nekomplicēta divertikulīta konservatīvās ārstēšanas iespējas un izpētīt, kura terapijas taktika ir atbilstoša klīniskajā praksē, analizējot jaunākās vadlīnijas un publikācijas.
Balstoties uz izpētītiem literatūras avotiem, akūta nekomplicēta divertikulīta ārstēšanas prognoze bez antibakteriālo līdzekļu izmantošanas būtiski neatšķiras no tās, kur tiek izmantota antibakteriālā terapija, vērtējot pēc slimības recidīvu skaita, sarežģījumiem, hospitalizēšanas ilguma, izveseļošanās laika, nepieciešamo operāciju biežuma, vēdera sāpēm un vēdera izejas izmaiņām. Apkopotie literatūras avoti iesaka izmantot perorālu antibakteriālu terapiju, ja tā tiek tolerēta, nevis intravenozu, kā arī pacienti ar nekomplicētu divertikulītu var droši ārstēties ambulatori. Tika pierādīts, ka standarta septiņu līdz desmit dienu, pat četru dienu ārstēšanas taktika ir vienlīdz efektīva.
Akūta nekomplicēta divertikulīta ārstēšana, neizmantojot antibakteriālos līdzekļus, ir droša un efektīva imūnkompetentiem pacientiem bez sepses, blakus saslimšanām vai imūnsupresijas. Ņemot vērā pieejamos datus, tika secināts, ka ne-antibakteriālās terapijas taktika būtu jāievieš ikdienas klīniskajā praksē. Antibakteriālā terapija jāizraksta pacientiem ar sepsi, imūnsupresīviem stāvokļiem, nopietnām blakus saslimšanām un sarežģītos klīniskajos gadījumos.
Diverticulosis is highly prevalent in western countries due to the present-day lifestyle. The prevalence is increasing on a global scale too. Despite high prevalence, no consensus has been reached concerning the specific severity classification for diverticulitis. Additionally, the antibiotic regimen for uncomplicated diverticulitis has been used in spite of lacking evidence of its efficacy. The treatment strategy has been in the turning point due to recently conducted studies suggesting equal efficacy for non-antibiotic treatment. The aim of this literature review is to delve into the conservative treatment of an acute uncomplicated diverticulitis and examine which management strategy is appropriate to apply in clinical practice by reviewing the updated guidelines and recent studies. According to the reviewed studies, the outcomes of non-antibiotic management for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis do not significantly differ from antibiotic management in terms of recurrence, complications, length of hospital stay, recovery time, frequency of required surgeries, abdominal pain or changes in bowel habits. Concerning the antibiotic treatment, the reviewed studies suggest that oral antibiotics, if tolerated, are preferable over intravenous administration and patients with the uncomplicated diverticulitis can safely be treated as outpatients. In addition, a standard seven to ten-day course, even a four-day course, have been proved efficient. The non-antibiotic management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis is safe and effective in immunocompetent patients without sepsis, comorbidities, or immunosuppressive conditions. Taking into consideration the available data, the non- antibiotic treatment should be applied to day-to-day clinical work. The antibiotics should be reserved for patients with sepsis, immunosuppressive state, significant comorbidities, and complicated cases.
Diverticulosis is highly prevalent in western countries due to the present-day lifestyle. The prevalence is increasing on a global scale too. Despite high prevalence, no consensus has been reached concerning the specific severity classification for diverticulitis. Additionally, the antibiotic regimen for uncomplicated diverticulitis has been used in spite of lacking evidence of its efficacy. The treatment strategy has been in the turning point due to recently conducted studies suggesting equal efficacy for non-antibiotic treatment. The aim of this literature review is to delve into the conservative treatment of an acute uncomplicated diverticulitis and examine which management strategy is appropriate to apply in clinical practice by reviewing the updated guidelines and recent studies. According to the reviewed studies, the outcomes of non-antibiotic management for acute uncomplicated diverticulitis do not significantly differ from antibiotic management in terms of recurrence, complications, length of hospital stay, recovery time, frequency of required surgeries, abdominal pain or changes in bowel habits. Concerning the antibiotic treatment, the reviewed studies suggest that oral antibiotics, if tolerated, are preferable over intravenous administration and patients with the uncomplicated diverticulitis can safely be treated as outpatients. In addition, a standard seven to ten-day course, even a four-day course, have been proved efficient. The non-antibiotic management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis is safe and effective in immunocompetent patients without sepsis, comorbidities, or immunosuppressive conditions. Taking into consideration the available data, the non- antibiotic treatment should be applied to day-to-day clinical work. The antibiotics should be reserved for patients with sepsis, immunosuppressive state, significant comorbidities, and complicated cases.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Atslēgas vārdi
Akūta nekomplicēta divertikulīta konservatīva ārstēšana, akūts nekomplicēts divertikulīts, akūta nekomplicēta divertikulīta antibiotiku ārstēšana, akūta nekomplicēta divertikulīta ārstēšana bez antibiotikām, Conservative management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis, acute uncomplicated diverticulitis, antibiotic management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis, non-antibiotic management of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis