Ādas dermatoloģiskās izpausmes HIV pacientiem
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Ievads: Cilvēka imūndeficīta vīruss jeb HIV (Human Immunodeficience virus) ir nopietns izaicinājums visā pasaulē. Šis vīruss ietekmē cilvēka imūnsistēmu, tā mērķis ir cilvēka CD4 šūnas, kuras nodrošina celulāro imunitāti. Šo imunitātes šūnu bojājuma rezultātā tiek samazināta organisma aizsardzība pret dažādām slimībām. Pacientiem , kuri inficējušies ar šo vīrusu, ir raksturīgas arī HIV pavadošās saslimšanas, kurās tiek iekļautas arī ādas dermatoloģiskās izpausmes. Zināt šīs ādas dermatoloģiskās izpausmes , kuras raksturīgas HIV pacientiem ir svarīgi jebkura ārsta ikdienā, lai laicīgi diagnosticētu HIV un nekavējoties uzsāktu ārstēšanu.
Darba mērķis: Šī pētnieciskā darba mērķis ir padziļināti izpētīt ādas dermatoloģiskās slimības un to etioloģiju, epidemioloģiju, klīnisko gaitu, kā arī ārstēšanas metodes HIV pacientiem.
Metodes un materiāli: Izmantoju pārlūkošanu no Rīgas Stradiņa Universitātes pieejamām elektroniskajām datu bāzēm- PubMed, ClinicalKey, EBSCOhost, AccesMedicine, izmantojot atslēgas vārdus- ,, cutaneous manifestations and HIV’’, ,,HIV dermatology’’, ,,dermatological conditions and HIV’’, ,,drug reactions and HIV’’, ,,photosensitive disorders and HIV’’. Iepazinos un izzināju medicīnisko literatūru, veidojot literatūras apskatu, par ādas dermatoloģiskajām izpausmēm HIV pacientiem.
Secinājumi: HIV inficēto skaits Latvijā ir augsts un konstants, ik gadu vidēji tiek atklāti 300-400 jauni HIV inficēšanās gadījumi, tomēr pasaulē jaunu HIV inficēto gadījumu skaits samazinās. Akūtas HIV infekcijas gadījumā kā viena no pirmajām izpausmēm ir ādas izsitumi. HIV inficētajiem pacientiem ādas dermatoloģiskās izpausmes bieži vien izpaužas gan ar smagāku, gan atipisku klīnisko gaitu. Ādas dermatoloģiskās izpausmes ir saistāmas ar samazinātu CD4 šūnu skaitu. HIV pacientiem, neatkarīgi no ādas dermatoloģiskajām izpausmēm , pamata ārstēšana ir antiretrovirālo medikamentu lietošana.
Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus or HIV poses a serious challenge worldwide. The virus affects the human immune system by targeting human CD4 cells, which provide cellular immunity. Damage to these immune cells lessens the body's protection against various diseases. Patients infected with the virus are also generally affected by HIV-associated comorbidities, including several dermatological conditions. It is important for any doctor to recognize these HIV-related skin conditions as early as possible to diagnose the disease in time and start treatment immediately. The aim of the research: The purpose of this research paper is to conduct an in-depth study of HIV-related dermatological conditions and their etiology, epidemiology, clinical course, as well as the treatment methods for HIV patients. Methods and materials: To conduct this research, several electronic databases were used, available at Riga Stradins University − PubMed, ClinicalKey, EBSCOhost, AccesMedicine, using such keywords as – “cutaneous manifestations and HIV”, “HIV dermatology”, “dermatological conditions and HIV”, “drug reactions and HIV”, “photosensitive disorders and HIV”. The author also got acquainted with and critically appraised medical literature, creating a literature review in relation to the dermatological conditions in HIV patients. Conclusions: The number of HIV-infected people in Latvia is high and remains constant, on average around 300 − 400 new cases of HIV infections are detected every year, while the number of new HIV cases in the world is decreasing. In case of acute HIV infection, skin rash is one of the first symptoms of the disease. In HIV-infected patients, dermatological manifestations often present with more severe and atypical clinical course. Dermatological conditions are associated with decreased CD4 cell counts. For HIV patients, regardless of the dermatological conditions, treatment is typically based on the use of antiretroviral drugs.
Introduction: The human immunodeficiency virus or HIV poses a serious challenge worldwide. The virus affects the human immune system by targeting human CD4 cells, which provide cellular immunity. Damage to these immune cells lessens the body's protection against various diseases. Patients infected with the virus are also generally affected by HIV-associated comorbidities, including several dermatological conditions. It is important for any doctor to recognize these HIV-related skin conditions as early as possible to diagnose the disease in time and start treatment immediately. The aim of the research: The purpose of this research paper is to conduct an in-depth study of HIV-related dermatological conditions and their etiology, epidemiology, clinical course, as well as the treatment methods for HIV patients. Methods and materials: To conduct this research, several electronic databases were used, available at Riga Stradins University − PubMed, ClinicalKey, EBSCOhost, AccesMedicine, using such keywords as – “cutaneous manifestations and HIV”, “HIV dermatology”, “dermatological conditions and HIV”, “drug reactions and HIV”, “photosensitive disorders and HIV”. The author also got acquainted with and critically appraised medical literature, creating a literature review in relation to the dermatological conditions in HIV patients. Conclusions: The number of HIV-infected people in Latvia is high and remains constant, on average around 300 − 400 new cases of HIV infections are detected every year, while the number of new HIV cases in the world is decreasing. In case of acute HIV infection, skin rash is one of the first symptoms of the disease. In HIV-infected patients, dermatological manifestations often present with more severe and atypical clinical course. Dermatological conditions are associated with decreased CD4 cell counts. For HIV patients, regardless of the dermatological conditions, treatment is typically based on the use of antiretroviral drugs.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
ādas izpausmes un HIV, HIV dermatoloģija, dermatoloģiskie stāvokļi un HIV, zāļu reakcijas un HIV, fotosensitīvās slimības un HIV, cutaneous manifestations and HIV, HIV dermatology, dermatological conditions and HIV, drug reactions and HIV, photosensitive disorders and HIV