Osteoporozes riska noteikšanas iespējas izmantojot koniskā stara datortomogrāfiju
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Anotācija
Darba nosaukums: Osteoporozes riska noteikšanas iespējas izmantojot koniskā stara datortomogrāfiju.
Pamatojums: Osteoporoze ir viena no visbiežāk sastopamajām kaulu saslimšanām, un tā izpaužas ar samazinātu kaulu izturību un palielinātu kaulu lūzuma risku, kas galvenokārt saistīta ar samazinātu kaulu minerālo blīvumu (KMB). Par zelta standartu osteoporozes diagnostikā tiek uzskatīts duālās enerģijas rentgenstaru absorbciometrijas (DEXA) izmeklējums ar kura palīdzību ir iespējams izvērtēt pacienta kaula minerālblīvumu (KMB), taču tā izmantošana populācijas skrīningam ir ierobežota. Mūsdienās arvien biežāk zobārstniecības praksē tiek izmantoti koniskā stara datortomogrāfijas (KSDT) izmeklējumi, kas nodrošina labas kvalitātes trīsdimensionālu maksilofaciālā skeleta reprezentāciju, ir lētāki un nodrošina mazāku radiācijas devu. Nesenie pētījumi ir izvirzījuši dažādus indeksus un mērījumus pēc kuriem balstoties uz KSDT uzņēmumiem ir iespējams atdalīt osteoporotiskus pacientus no pacientiem ar normālu KMB, tādēļ KSDT pielietošanai osteoporozes riska izvērtēšanai ir būtiska loma osteoporotisko pacientu agrīnai diagnostikai un nosūtīšanai pie speciālista.
Mērķis: Noskaidrot osteoporozes riska noteikšanas iespējas izmantojot koniskā stara datortomogrāfiju, pamatojoties uz zinātniskajā literatūrā publicētajiem pētījumiem.
Metodes: Zinātniskā literatūra tika meklēta sekojošās datubāzēs - PubMed, EBSCO, ClinicalKey, Science direct, Wiley Online Library. Meklēšana tika veikta angļu valodā, un tā iekļāva sekojošus atslēgas vārdus: “osteoporosis cone beam”, “osteoporosis cone-beam”, “osteoporosis cbct”, “osteoporosis cb”, “postmenopausal cbct”, dažādā secībā un kombinācijās.
Rezultāti: Šajā literatūras pārskatā atbilstoši kritērijiem tika atlasīti un iekļauti tikai 9 pētījumi, un ar vairākiem no pētījumos veiktajiem mērījumiem un indeksiem bija iespējams atdalīt pacientus ar osteoporozi no pacientiem ar normālu KMB atbilstoši DEXA izmeklējumos iegūtajiem rezultātiem, kā arī starp pētījumos iekļautajām izmeklējamām un kontroles grupām tika konstatētas statistiski būtiskas atšķirības.
Secinājumi: Ar dažādu mērījumu un indeksu palīdzību ir iespējams atdalīt osteoporotiskus pacientus no pacientiem ar normālu KMB, izmantojot KSDT uzņēmumus, tādā veidā ļaujot izvērtēt konkrētā indivīda osteoporozes risku.
Abstract Title: Capability to identify patients at risk of osteoporosis by using cone beam computed tomography. Background: Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone diseases and is characterized by reduced bone strength and an increased risk of bone fractures, which is mostly dependent on bone mineral density (BMD). The gold standard in the diagnosis of osteoporosis is considered to be dual energy X-ray absorption method (DEXA), which can assess a patient's bone mineral density (BMD), but its use for population screening is limited. Nowadays, dental practices are increasingly using the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination, which provides a good quality three-dimensional representation of the maxillofacial skeleton, as well is more provides a lower radiation dose. In recent studies different linear and qualitative radiomorphometric indices have been proposed as auxiliary diagnostic tools for low BMD on such dental imaging modalities as CBCT which can be used to differentiate osteoporotic patients from patients with normal BMD. So the use of CBCT for risk assessment of osteoporosis plays an important role in early diagnosis of osteoporosis patients and their referral for specialist care. Objective: To find out capability to identify patients at risk of osteoporosis by using cone beam computed tomography, based on scientific research. Methods: Scientific literature research was carried out in the following databases - PubMed, EBSCO, ClinicalKey, Science direct, Wiley Online Library. The search was conducted in English and included the following keywords: “osteoporosis cone beam”, “osteoporosis cone-beam”, “osteoporosis cbct”, “osteoporosis cb”, “postmenopausal cbct”, in different order and combinations. Results: Only 9 studies were included in this literature review and several measurements and indices in these studies were able to differentiate patients with osteoporosis from patients with normal BMD according dual energy X-ray absorption method (DEXA) results. Also these indices showed statistically significant differences between case and control groups. Conclusions: With the help of various measurements and indices it is possible to differentiate osteoporotic patients from patients with normal BMD using CBCT, thus allowing to assess the risk of osteoporosis in patients.
Abstract Title: Capability to identify patients at risk of osteoporosis by using cone beam computed tomography. Background: Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone diseases and is characterized by reduced bone strength and an increased risk of bone fractures, which is mostly dependent on bone mineral density (BMD). The gold standard in the diagnosis of osteoporosis is considered to be dual energy X-ray absorption method (DEXA), which can assess a patient's bone mineral density (BMD), but its use for population screening is limited. Nowadays, dental practices are increasingly using the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination, which provides a good quality three-dimensional representation of the maxillofacial skeleton, as well is more provides a lower radiation dose. In recent studies different linear and qualitative radiomorphometric indices have been proposed as auxiliary diagnostic tools for low BMD on such dental imaging modalities as CBCT which can be used to differentiate osteoporotic patients from patients with normal BMD. So the use of CBCT for risk assessment of osteoporosis plays an important role in early diagnosis of osteoporosis patients and their referral for specialist care. Objective: To find out capability to identify patients at risk of osteoporosis by using cone beam computed tomography, based on scientific research. Methods: Scientific literature research was carried out in the following databases - PubMed, EBSCO, ClinicalKey, Science direct, Wiley Online Library. The search was conducted in English and included the following keywords: “osteoporosis cone beam”, “osteoporosis cone-beam”, “osteoporosis cbct”, “osteoporosis cb”, “postmenopausal cbct”, in different order and combinations. Results: Only 9 studies were included in this literature review and several measurements and indices in these studies were able to differentiate patients with osteoporosis from patients with normal BMD according dual energy X-ray absorption method (DEXA) results. Also these indices showed statistically significant differences between case and control groups. Conclusions: With the help of various measurements and indices it is possible to differentiate osteoporotic patients from patients with normal BMD using CBCT, thus allowing to assess the risk of osteoporosis in patients.
Description
Zobārstniecība
Dentistry
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Dentistry
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Atslēgas vārdi: Osteoporoze, koniskā stara datortomogrāfija, kaulu minerālais blīvums, Keywords: Osteoporosis, cone-beam computed tomography, bone mineral density