Cancer Immunotherapy
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Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Barības vada vēzis ir viens no letālākajiem vēža veidiem pasaulē, un pēdējo gadu laikā ir ievērojami
gados tā izplatība Rietumu pasaulē ir krasi palielinājusies. Kad mēs novērtējam
imūnterapijas priekšrocības un panākumus metastātiskas melanomas, nesmalto šūnu plaušu vēža gadījumā,
nieru šūnu karcinomas un urīnpūšļa ļaundabīgo audzēju, mēs sākam domāt, vai imunoterapija nav
ir izdevīga barības vada vēža gadījumā. Šajā rakstā apskatīta imūnterapijas vēsture.
un tās attīstību mērķterapijas ieviešanā vēža pacientiem. Pārskatā galvenā uzmanība pievērsta
mērķterapijai, ko izmanto progresējoša barības vada vēža gadījumā. Tāpēc ir aplūkoti imūnterapijas veidi.
un to nelabvēlīgā ietekme ir balstīta tikai uz šiem ļaundabīgajiem audzējiem. Imūnterapijas mērķis ir izmantot
adaptīvās imūnās atbildes reakcijas specifiskumu un ilgtermiņa atmiņu, lai sasniegtu ilgstošu audzēja
samazināšanos un potenciālu izārstēšanu. Tās ietver vairāku imūnās kontroles punktu ievadīšanu.
inhibitoru un kostimulējošo receptoru agonistu, lai apietu imūnsistēmu nomācošās
mehānismus, ko izraisa audzējs. Patlaban tiek veikti daudzi pētījumi, un ir nepieciešams pilnībā.
izprast, kā imūnterapiju var izmantot barības vada vēža ārstēšanā.
Terapijas plāni ir dažādi, un tos var pielāgot individuāliem pacientiem. Sākot no biomarķieru testēšanas līdz
progresējušu, metastātisku, resektablu un neārstējamu audzēju, ir pieejama atbilstoša terapija.
Esophageal cancer ranks among the most lethal cancers in the world, and over the past several years, its prevalence has dramatically increased in the Western world. When we evaluate the advantages and success of immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and bladder malignancies, we begin to wonder if immunotherapy is beneficial in esophageal cancer. The paper reviews the history of immunotherapy and its development in implementing targeted therapy in cancer patients. The review focuses on targeted therapies used in advanced esophageal cancer. Therefore, the types of immunotherapies and their adverse effects are based only on those malignancies. Immunotherapy aims to harness the specificity and long-term memory of the adaptive immune response to achieve lasting tumor shrinkage and potential cure. These include the administration of several immune checkpoint inhibitors and agonists of co-stimulatory receptors to circumvent immune-suppressive mechanisms brought on by the tumor. A lot of research is ongoing and is required to fully comprehend how immunotherapy can be implanted in the management of esophageal cancer. Therapy plans vary and can be adjusted to individual patients. Starting from biomarker testing to advanced, metastatic, resectabel, and unresectable tumors, the right therapy is available.
Esophageal cancer ranks among the most lethal cancers in the world, and over the past several years, its prevalence has dramatically increased in the Western world. When we evaluate the advantages and success of immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and bladder malignancies, we begin to wonder if immunotherapy is beneficial in esophageal cancer. The paper reviews the history of immunotherapy and its development in implementing targeted therapy in cancer patients. The review focuses on targeted therapies used in advanced esophageal cancer. Therefore, the types of immunotherapies and their adverse effects are based only on those malignancies. Immunotherapy aims to harness the specificity and long-term memory of the adaptive immune response to achieve lasting tumor shrinkage and potential cure. These include the administration of several immune checkpoint inhibitors and agonists of co-stimulatory receptors to circumvent immune-suppressive mechanisms brought on by the tumor. A lot of research is ongoing and is required to fully comprehend how immunotherapy can be implanted in the management of esophageal cancer. Therapy plans vary and can be adjusted to individual patients. Starting from biomarker testing to advanced, metastatic, resectabel, and unresectable tumors, the right therapy is available.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Imūnterapija, barības vada vēzis, mērķterapija, kontrolpunktu inhibitori, PD-1, PD-L1, KEYNOTE-811, KEYNOTE-590, Immunotherapy, Esophageal cancer, Targeted Therapy, Checkpoint inhibitors, PD-1, PD-L1, KEYNOTE-811, KEYNOTE-590