Ērču encefalīta saslimstība Latvijā saistībā ar sociāli demogrāfiskajiem faktoriem, nodarbošanos, inficēšanās vietu un sezonalitāti
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Kopsavilkums
Nosaukums: Ērču encefalīta saslimstība Latvijā saistībā ar sociāli demogrāfiskajiem faktoriem, nodarbošanos, inficēšanās vietu un sezonalitāti.
Mērķis: Izpētīt saslimstības datus par ērču encefalītu Latvijā laika periodā no 2009. gada līdz 2018. gadam saistībā ar demogrāfiskajiem faktoriem, nodarbošanās veidu, inficēšanās vietu un sezonalitāti. Tās sasniegšanai tiek izstrādāti četri uzdevumi:
Aktualitāte: Ērču encefalīts ir viena no bīstamākajām infekcijas slimībām Eiropā, kas rada cilvēka centrālās nervu sistēmas bojājumus. Ērču encefalīts kā sabiedrības veselības problēma ir novērota vairāk nekā 27 endēmiskajās teritorijās Eiropā. Katru gadu Eiropas Slimību profilakses un kontroles centrs ziņo par 10 000 – 15 000 ērču encefalīta gadījumiem globālā mērogā, no tiem 2500 – 3000 tiek reģistrēti Eiropā. Pie ērču encefalīta skartajām valstīm ar augstu saslimstības līmeni un inficēšanās risku pieder arī Latvija, kur no ērču kodumiem laika posmā no 2009. gada līdz 2018. gadam inficējās 2842 personas.
Hipotēze: Strādājošiem vīriešiem vasaras sezonā, endēmiskajos reģionos vecuma grupā no 35 līdz 60 gadiem, ir lielāks risks saslimst ar ērču encefalīta vīrusu nekā sievietēm tajā pašā vecuma grupā.
Pētījuma medodes: Bakalaura darbā izmantoti dati no Slimību profilakses un kontroles centra datu bāzes VISUMS, kurā laika posmā no 2009. gada līdz 2018. gadam reģistrēti 2842 ērču encefalīta gadījumi. Datu analīzei un apstrādei tika izmantotas aprakstošās statistikas metodes: šķērstabulas. Lai noteiktu, vai iegūtie rezultāti ir statistiski nozīmīgi, tika aprēķināti ticamības inervāli. Ja ticamības intervāli nepārklājās, starp datiem bija statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības, bet ja pārklājās – nebija nozīmīgas atšķirības.
Secinājumi: No tiem Latvijas iedzīvotājiem, kuri pētāmajā laika posmā bija inficējušies ar ērču encefalītu, 47,9 % (n = 1360, 95% TI 46,1 – 49,7) bija sievietes un 52,1 % (n = 1482, 95% TI 50,4 – 54,1 ) vīrieši. Vislielākais gadījumu skaits starp inficētajiem iedzīvotājiem novērots vīriešu populācijā vecuma grupā no 50 līdz 69 gadiem – 31,8 (TI 95% TI 28,4 – 35,6) gadījumi uz 100 000 persongadiem. Sieviešu populācijā vairāk slimo vecumā pēc 60 gadiem – 27,9 (95% TI 24,9 – 31,7) gadījumu uz 100 000 persongadiem. Mazākais gadījumu skaits konstatēts bērniem līdz 10 gadu vecumam. Latvijas iedzīvotāji, kuri bija inficējušies ar ērču encefalītu biežāk inficējas pavasarī un vasarā, kad palielinās ērču aktivitāte. Latvijā reģistrēti gadījumi arī ziemā. No tiem, kas inficējušies ar ērču encefalītu, vairāk bija bezdarbnieku nekā strādājošo cilvēku. Neatkarīgi no nodarbošanās veida inficēšanās notika dabā pavasarī un rudenī.
Saturs: Bakalaura darbā ir 3 nodaļas un 15 apakšnodaļas. Darba apjoms ir 46 lpp., ieskaitot 8 attēlus un 3 tabulas.
Atslēgas vārdi: Ērču encefalīts, ērces
Title: Incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Latvia in relation to demographic factors such as, type of occupation, place of infection and seasonality. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Latvia in the period from 2009 to 2018 with relation to demographic factors such as, type of occupation, place of infection and seasonality. Background: Tick-borne encephalitis is one of the major infectious diseases throughout Europe that causes damage to the human central nervous system. Tick-borne encephalitis is a as a public health problem is prevalent in more than 27 endemic areas throughout Europe. Every year, the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control reports 10,000 to 15,000 cases of tick-borne encephalitis worldwide and 2,500 to 3,000 of these cases are reported within Europe. With 2842 people becoming infected from tick bites between 2009-2018, Latvia is among the countries affected by tick-borne encephalitis with high morbidity levels and infection risks. Hypothesis: The working-age male population in endemic regions in the 35-60 age group is at higher risk of contracting the tick-borne encephalitis virus than the female population in the same age group. Study methods: The research section uses information from a database VISUM compiled from the data recorded by the Center for Disease Prevention and Control for the period from 2009 to 2018. Descriptive statistical methods were used for data analysis and processing: crosstabs. In order to consider the obtained results as statistically significant, the confidence intervals were calculated according to which the results were evaluated. If the confidence intervals did not overlap, there were statistically significant differences between the strap data; if the confidence intervals did overlap, there were no significant differences. Conclusions: Of those Latvians who were infected with tick-borne encephalitis during the study period, 47.9% (n = 1360, 95% CI 46.1 - 49.7) were women and 52.1% (n = 1482, 95% CI 50.4 - 54.1) were men. The highest incidence among infected individuals was observed in the male population aged 50 to 69 years: 31.8 (CI 95% CI 28.4 - 35.6) cases per 100,000 person-years. There were more cases after the age of 60 in female population: 27.9 (95% CI 24.9 - 31.7) per 100,000 person-years. The lowest number of cases was found in children under 10 years of age. Latvians who were infected with tick-borne encephalitis are more likely to become infected in spring and summer, when tick activity increases. There have also been registered cases in winter. Of the infected people, more were unemployed than working. Regardless of the type of occupation, most often the infection occurred in nature in spring and autumn. Content: bachelor thesis consists of 3 chapters and 15 sub-divisions. The total amount of bachelor thesis is 46 pages, including 8 pictures and 3 tables Key words: Tick-borne encephalitis, ticks.
Title: Incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Latvia in relation to demographic factors such as, type of occupation, place of infection and seasonality. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis in Latvia in the period from 2009 to 2018 with relation to demographic factors such as, type of occupation, place of infection and seasonality. Background: Tick-borne encephalitis is one of the major infectious diseases throughout Europe that causes damage to the human central nervous system. Tick-borne encephalitis is a as a public health problem is prevalent in more than 27 endemic areas throughout Europe. Every year, the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control reports 10,000 to 15,000 cases of tick-borne encephalitis worldwide and 2,500 to 3,000 of these cases are reported within Europe. With 2842 people becoming infected from tick bites between 2009-2018, Latvia is among the countries affected by tick-borne encephalitis with high morbidity levels and infection risks. Hypothesis: The working-age male population in endemic regions in the 35-60 age group is at higher risk of contracting the tick-borne encephalitis virus than the female population in the same age group. Study methods: The research section uses information from a database VISUM compiled from the data recorded by the Center for Disease Prevention and Control for the period from 2009 to 2018. Descriptive statistical methods were used for data analysis and processing: crosstabs. In order to consider the obtained results as statistically significant, the confidence intervals were calculated according to which the results were evaluated. If the confidence intervals did not overlap, there were statistically significant differences between the strap data; if the confidence intervals did overlap, there were no significant differences. Conclusions: Of those Latvians who were infected with tick-borne encephalitis during the study period, 47.9% (n = 1360, 95% CI 46.1 - 49.7) were women and 52.1% (n = 1482, 95% CI 50.4 - 54.1) were men. The highest incidence among infected individuals was observed in the male population aged 50 to 69 years: 31.8 (CI 95% CI 28.4 - 35.6) cases per 100,000 person-years. There were more cases after the age of 60 in female population: 27.9 (95% CI 24.9 - 31.7) per 100,000 person-years. The lowest number of cases was found in children under 10 years of age. Latvians who were infected with tick-borne encephalitis are more likely to become infected in spring and summer, when tick activity increases. There have also been registered cases in winter. Of the infected people, more were unemployed than working. Regardless of the type of occupation, most often the infection occurred in nature in spring and autumn. Content: bachelor thesis consists of 3 chapters and 15 sub-divisions. The total amount of bachelor thesis is 46 pages, including 8 pictures and 3 tables Key words: Tick-borne encephalitis, ticks.
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Sabiedrības veselība
Public Health
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Public Health
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care