Psihoemocionālo darba vides riska faktoru un pašziņoto slimības lapu biežuma saistības izvērtējums.
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Tēma: Psihoemocionālo darba vides riska faktoru un pašziņoto slimības lapu biežuma saistības izvērtējums.
Aktualitāte: Slimības prombūtne ir nozīmīga sabiedrības veselības un socioekonomiskā problēma daudzās valstīs, arī Latvijā. Pēc Ekonomiskās sadarbības un attīstības organizācijas (OECD) datiem, dalībvalstis slimības pabalstiem tērē apmēram 1,9% iekšzemes kopprodukta. Prombūtni no darba var izraisīt ne tikai slimības vai traumas, bet arī stress un spriedze darbā. Būtiski ir pētīt psihoemocionālos riska faktorus darba vietās, tādējādi samazinot slimības lapu daudzumu un izmaksas. Darba aizsardzības speciālistiem regulāri jānovērtē psihosociālie darba vides riska faktori, lai sagatavotu rīcības plānu nepieciešamajiem profilakses un aizsardzības pasākumiem.
Mērķis: Izvērtēt saistību starp psihoemocionālajiem darba vides riska faktoriem un pašziņoto slimības lapu biežumu.
Materiāls un metodes: Bakalaura darba izstrādei izmantoti dati no četriem periodiskiem valsts apsekojumiem “Darba apstākļi un riski Latvijā” laika periodā no 2006. līdz 2018. gadam. Datu statistiskajā apstrādē un analīzē izmantota frekvenču biežuma analīze, šķērstabulas, Hī kvadrāta (χ2) tests un 95% ticamības intervālu noteikšana.
Rezultāti: No 2006.-2018. gadam slimojuši bija 33,8% algoto darbinieku, no tiem 31,4% vīriešu un 35,9% sieviešu. Apmēram puse no pašziņotajām slimības lapām bija saistītas ar zemu apmierinātības ar darbu līmeni, biežu konkurenci un psiholoģisko ietekmēšanu darbinieku vidū, kā arī ar darbu naktīs 75% no visa darba laika. Apmēram 60% no pašziņotajām slimības lapām tika novērotas starp darbiniekiem vecuma grupā no 15 līdz 44 gadiem.
Secinājumi: Zems apmierinātības ar darbu līmenis, bieža konkurence un psiholoģiskā ietekmēšana, un darbs naktīs apmēram 75% no visa darba laika bija saistīts ar augstāku slimības lapu īpatsvaru. Sievietēm bija augstāks slimības lapu īpatsvars salīdzinājumā ar vīriešiem. Starp nodarbinātajiem vecumā no 15 līdz 44 gadiem tika novērots augstāks slimības lapu īpatsvars.
Saturs: Kopējais darba apjoms 53 lapaspuses, ieskaitot 4 tabulas un 8 attēlus. Izmantoti 75 literatūras avoti.
Atslēgas vārdi: Psihoemocionālie darba vides riska faktori, apmierinātība ar darbu, konkurence starp nodarbinātajiem, psiholoģiskā ietekmēšana, draudi, darbs nakts stundās, pašziņotās slimības lapas, slimības prombūtne.
Topic: Assessment of the relationship between psychoemotional occupational environmental risk factors and the frequency of self-reported sick leaves Topicality: Sickness absence is a major public health and socio-economic problem in many countries, including Latvia. According to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Member States spend around 1,9% of the gross domestic product on sickness benefits. Absences from work can be caused not only by illness or injuries, but also by stress and tension at work. It is essential to study psychoemotional risk factors in the workplace, thereby reducing the amount and costs of sick leaves. Occupational health and safety professionals should regularly assess psychosocial risk factors in the working environment in order to prepare an action plan for the necessary prevention and protection measures. Aim: To assess the relationship between psychoemotional risk factors at work and the frequency of self-reported sick leaves. Material and methods: Data from the four periodic State surveys “Working conditions and risks in Latvia” have been used for the development of the bachelor's thesis during the period of 2006-2018. The statistical processing and analysis of the data uses frequency analysis, crosstabs, Chi-square (χ 2) test and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Between 2006 and 2018, 33.8% of employees were sick of which 31.4% were men and 35.9% were women. About half of the self-reported disease leaves were associated with low levels of job satisfaction, frequent competition, and psychological influence among employees, as well as working at night around 75% of all working hours. About 60% of self-reported sick leaves were observed among employees in the age group 15 to 44. Conclusions: Low levels of job satisfaction, frequent competition and psychological impacts, and working at night for around 75% of all working hours involved a higher proportion of sick leaves. Women had a higher proportion of sick leaves compared to men. Among employees aged 15 to 44, a higher proportion of sick leaves was observed. Content: The total volume of the work is 53 pages, including 4 tables and 8 figures. 75 literature sources were used. Key words: Psychoemotional risk factors, job satisfaction, competition among employees, psychological influence, threats, night hours work, self-reported sick leaves, sickness absence.
Topic: Assessment of the relationship between psychoemotional occupational environmental risk factors and the frequency of self-reported sick leaves Topicality: Sickness absence is a major public health and socio-economic problem in many countries, including Latvia. According to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Member States spend around 1,9% of the gross domestic product on sickness benefits. Absences from work can be caused not only by illness or injuries, but also by stress and tension at work. It is essential to study psychoemotional risk factors in the workplace, thereby reducing the amount and costs of sick leaves. Occupational health and safety professionals should regularly assess psychosocial risk factors in the working environment in order to prepare an action plan for the necessary prevention and protection measures. Aim: To assess the relationship between psychoemotional risk factors at work and the frequency of self-reported sick leaves. Material and methods: Data from the four periodic State surveys “Working conditions and risks in Latvia” have been used for the development of the bachelor's thesis during the period of 2006-2018. The statistical processing and analysis of the data uses frequency analysis, crosstabs, Chi-square (χ 2) test and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Between 2006 and 2018, 33.8% of employees were sick of which 31.4% were men and 35.9% were women. About half of the self-reported disease leaves were associated with low levels of job satisfaction, frequent competition, and psychological influence among employees, as well as working at night around 75% of all working hours. About 60% of self-reported sick leaves were observed among employees in the age group 15 to 44. Conclusions: Low levels of job satisfaction, frequent competition and psychological impacts, and working at night for around 75% of all working hours involved a higher proportion of sick leaves. Women had a higher proportion of sick leaves compared to men. Among employees aged 15 to 44, a higher proportion of sick leaves was observed. Content: The total volume of the work is 53 pages, including 4 tables and 8 figures. 75 literature sources were used. Key words: Psychoemotional risk factors, job satisfaction, competition among employees, psychological influence, threats, night hours work, self-reported sick leaves, sickness absence.
Description
Sabiedrības veselība
Public Health
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Public Health
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Atslēgas vārdi
Psihoemocionālie darba vides riska faktori, apmierinātība ar darbu, konkurence starp nodarbinātajiem, psiholoģiskā ietekmēšana, draudi, darbs nakts stundās, pašziņotās slimības lapas, slimības prombūtne., Psychoemotional risk factors, job satisfaction, competition among employees, psychological influence, threats, night hours work, self-reported sick leaves, sickness absence.