Galvas smadzeņu toksiski bojājumi un to radioloģiskā atradne
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Pētnieciskā darba nolūkos retrospektīvi tika pētītas 687 RAKUS arhīvā pieejamās slimības vēstures par pacientiem, kuri ar dažādu vielu intoksikāciju tika stacionēti RAKUS Toksikoloģijas un sepses klīnikā laika posmā no 2018.g. 1.janvāra līdz 2018.g. 31.decembrim. Radioloģiskie un klīniskie dati tika analizēti izmantojot SIA “RAKUS” Diagnostikās radioloģijas nodaļas radioloģisko izmeklējumu serveri un izmantojot informāciju sistēmu “Ārsta Birojs”. Pētījuma mērķis bija analizēt galvas smadzeņu bojājumu raksturīgās atrades pacientiem ar dažādas izcelsmes galvas smadzeņu toksiskiem bojājumiem, izmantojot datortomogrāfijas (CT) un magnētiskās rezonanses (MR) radioloģiskās attēldiagnostikas metodes.
Lielākā daļa pacientu 516 (75.11%) bija vīrieši un 171 (24.89%) bija sievietes. Pacientu vidējais vecums bija 45 gadi. Jaunākā pacienta vecums bija 15 gadi, bet vecākā pacienta vecums 96 gadi. Visvairāk pacientu bija vecuma grupā 31 – 40 gadi 204 (29.69%).
Visbiežākais intoksikācijas etioloģiskais faktors bija alkohols 542 (61.73 %) pacientiem. Visbiežāk konstatētā narkotiskā viela, 28 pacientiem (38.36%), bija opioīdi. Marihuāna jeb kanabiss tika konstatēts 17 (23.29%) pacientiem un 10 (13.70 %) pacientiem tika konstatēta fenetilamīna un amfetamīnu grupas narkotiskās vielas.
No visiem 687 stacionētajiem pacientiem 413 (60.12%) tika veikts tikai CT izmeklējums, sešiem (0.87 %) pacientiem tika veikts tikai MR izmeklējums un astoņiem (1.16%) pacientiem tika veikts CT un MR izmeklējums, bet 260 (37.85 %) pacientiem netika veikts ne CT, ne MR izmeklējums. CT izmeklējumi ar pozitīvu atradi bija 176 (42.61 %) gadījumos un no tiem galvas smadzeņu akūts bojājums tika novērots 40 (22.72%) gadījumos, hroniskas izmaiņas 100 (56.82%) gadījumos. Kombinētas galvas smadzeņu izmaiņas (gan akūtas, gan hroniskas) tika novērotas 18 gadījumos.
No 427 kopā veiktajiem radioloģiskajiem izmeklējumiem 14 bija MR izmeklējumi, visi izmeklējumi bija ar pozitīvu atradi un tās bija sekojošas: dažādas lokalizācijas hipoksiski galvas smadzeņu bojājumi, dažādas galvas smadzeņu tūskas un atrofiskas pārmaiņas, bazālo kodolu bojājumi, mikrohemaroāgijas un vienā gadījumā PRES sindroms
No astoņiem pacientiem, kuriem tika veikts gan CT, gan MR, visos gadījumos MR atrade bija pozitīva, bet tikai divos gadījumos CT izmeklējums bija ar pozitīvu atradi. Tāpēc var teikt, ka MR metode ir augsti jutīga akūtu galvas smadzeņu bojājumu gadījumā, bet CT ir ar zemu jutību, tomēr CT izmeklējums ir laba metode citu galvas smadzeņu patoloģiju izslēgšanai.
For research purposes, a retrospective study was conducted on 687 patients medical records. These were patients who were admitted to the RAKUS Toxicology and Sepsis Clinic with intoxication of various substances, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. Radiological and clinical data was analysed by using SIA “RAKUS" Department of Daignostic Radiology radiological server data and information system “Ārsta birojs”. The aim of the study was to analyze characteristic findings of toxic brain lesions in patients with various substance intoxications using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) radiographic imaging techniques. The majority of patients 516 (75.11%) were male and 171 (24.89%) were female. Avarage age was 45 years. The youngest patient was 15 years old and the oldest patient was 96 years old. The majority of patients 204 (29.69%) were in age group from 31 to 40 years of age. Most common intoxication etiological factor was alcohol, 542 (61.73%) patients. The most commonly identified drug was opioids, 28 (38.36%) patients, cannabis was detected in 17 (23.29%) patients and 10 (13.70%) patients were intoxicated with drugs from fenethylamine and amphetamine drug group. Of all 687 hospitalised patients 413 (60.12%) had a CT scan, 6 (0.87%) patients had MRI scan, 8 patients (1.16%) had CT and MRI scan, while 260 (37.85%) patients had no CT or MRI scans. 176 (42.61%) CT scans was with positive findings, an acute brain lesion was observed in 40 (22.72%) cases, chronic changes in 100 (56.82%) cases and combined, both acute brain lesions and chronic changes were observed in 18 cases. Of all 427 radiological exams 14 were MRI scans, all of them were with positive findings. And findings were as follows: various location and type of hypoxic brain lesions, cerebral edema, atrophic changes, lesions in basal ganglia, cerebral microhemorrhages and one case of PRES syndrome. Of the eight patients who had both CT and MRI scans, in all cases MRI scan findings were positive, but in only two cases CT scan findings were also positive. Therefore MRI scan is highly sensitive method for acute brain lesion diagnostics, but CT scan has a low sensitivity, but still it is good method for rulling out different kind of cerebral pathologies.
For research purposes, a retrospective study was conducted on 687 patients medical records. These were patients who were admitted to the RAKUS Toxicology and Sepsis Clinic with intoxication of various substances, from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018. Radiological and clinical data was analysed by using SIA “RAKUS" Department of Daignostic Radiology radiological server data and information system “Ārsta birojs”. The aim of the study was to analyze characteristic findings of toxic brain lesions in patients with various substance intoxications using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) radiographic imaging techniques. The majority of patients 516 (75.11%) were male and 171 (24.89%) were female. Avarage age was 45 years. The youngest patient was 15 years old and the oldest patient was 96 years old. The majority of patients 204 (29.69%) were in age group from 31 to 40 years of age. Most common intoxication etiological factor was alcohol, 542 (61.73%) patients. The most commonly identified drug was opioids, 28 (38.36%) patients, cannabis was detected in 17 (23.29%) patients and 10 (13.70%) patients were intoxicated with drugs from fenethylamine and amphetamine drug group. Of all 687 hospitalised patients 413 (60.12%) had a CT scan, 6 (0.87%) patients had MRI scan, 8 patients (1.16%) had CT and MRI scan, while 260 (37.85%) patients had no CT or MRI scans. 176 (42.61%) CT scans was with positive findings, an acute brain lesion was observed in 40 (22.72%) cases, chronic changes in 100 (56.82%) cases and combined, both acute brain lesions and chronic changes were observed in 18 cases. Of all 427 radiological exams 14 were MRI scans, all of them were with positive findings. And findings were as follows: various location and type of hypoxic brain lesions, cerebral edema, atrophic changes, lesions in basal ganglia, cerebral microhemorrhages and one case of PRES syndrome. Of the eight patients who had both CT and MRI scans, in all cases MRI scan findings were positive, but in only two cases CT scan findings were also positive. Therefore MRI scan is highly sensitive method for acute brain lesion diagnostics, but CT scan has a low sensitivity, but still it is good method for rulling out different kind of cerebral pathologies.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care