Sagatavojošā taktiskā paņēmiena "drauds" pilnveidošana 12-13 gadu veciem karatistiem
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Karatē sporta cīņas galvenais līdzeklis uzvaras sasniegšanai pār pretinieku ir sitiens, vai cits sitiena paņēmiens. Distances izvēle, manevrēšana, pārēja no uzbrukuma līnijas, ka arī dažādas ķermeņa kustības ļauj atrisināt taktiskas situācijas. Ar taktiku parasti saprot tehniskā paņēmiena lietderīgu izmantošanu, cīņas veidu un līdzekļus, kas vērsti uz maksimālo rezultātu sasniegšanu (Ren, 2015).
Karatē cīņas sacensības laikā parasti notiek ar manevrēšanu, bez kuras nav iespējams sagatavot un uzsākt uzbrukumu, kas beidzas ar efektīvu sitiena darbību. Speciālisti to vairākkārt ir atzīmējuši, ka manevrēšana ir vissvarīgākā sagatavošanās darbība, kas cīņas laikā ļauj atrisināt vairākas taktiskas problēmas: izlūkošanu vai maskēšanu, drauds - izaicināt pretinieku izpidīt uzbrukuma vai aizsardzības darbību, traucēt īstenot pretinieka nodomus vai provocēt viņu uz darbību (Орлов, 2021).
Pašreizējo pasaules karatē attīstības posmu raksturo pastiprināta konkurence lielajās sacensībās. Ar salīdzinoši vienādiem psihofunkcionālajiem stāvokļiem, vienādu fizisko īpašību attīstību un tehnisko sagatavotību sporta cīņā uzvar parasti tas sportists, kurš cīņas laikā spēs savlaicīgi un efektīvi izpildīt tehniski taktiskās darbības attiecīgājā cīņas situācijā (Павлов, Гареева, Тимербаев, 2018).
Pētījuma mērķis - sagatavojošā taktiskā paņēmiena “drauds” pilnveidošanas vingrinājumu kopumu izstrāde un tā pielietošanas ietekmes uz karatistu uzbrukuma darbības rezultativitāti noteikšana.
Pētījuma hipotēze - ja karatisti 12-13 gadu vecumā ar zaļās un zilās jostas meistarības pakāpi pielietos sagatavojošā taktiskā paņēmiena “drauds” pilnveidošanas vingrinājumu kopumus, tas sekmēs rezultativitātes paaugstināšanos kumite disciplīnas sacensībās.
Uzdevumi:
1. Teorētiski izanalizēt karatistu sagatavojošo taktisko paņēmienu apgūves līdzekļus un metodes.
2. Noteikt karatistu sagatavojošo taktisko paņēmienu izpildes rezultativitāti kumite cīņās.
3. Izstrādāt un aprobēt sagatavojošo taktisko paņēmienu “drauds” pilnveidošanas vingrinājumu kopumus.
4. Noteikt sagatavošanas darbības “drauds” pilnveidošanas kopumu pielietošanas ietekmi uz karatistu uzbrukuma darbību rezultativitāti kumite cīņās.
Metodes:
1. Literatūras avotu analīze.
2. Sacensību novērojums.
3. Pedagoģiskais eksperiments.
4. Matemātiskās statistikas metodes.
Pētījuma rezultāti apstiprināja izvirzīto hipotēzi, ka, ja karatisti 12-13 gadu vecumā ar zaļās un zilās jostas meistarības pakāpi pielietos sagatavojošā taktiskā paņēmiena “drauds” pilnveidošanas vingrinājumu kopumus, tas sekmēs rezultativitātes paaugstināšanos kumite disciplīnas sacensībās. Salīdzinot iegūtos rezultātus pirms un pēc eksperimenta, sagatavojošā taktiskā paņēmiena “drauds” rezultativitāte statistiski ticami uzlabojas, izstrādātie vingrinājumu kopumi pozitīvi ietekmēja uz karatistu uzbrukuma darbību rezultativitāti kumite disciplīnā.
The main means of achieving victory in karate combat is the strike or striking technique. Tactical actions such as choosing the right distance, maneuvering, changing the line of attack, and various body movements help to solve situational problems during a match. Tactics refer to the purposeful use of techniques and tools aimed at achieving maximum results (Ren, 2015). During karate fights, movement and maneuvering are essential for preparing and executing effective attacks. Experts emphasize that maneuvering is the most important preparatory action during a match, as it helps to solve various tactical tasks such as reconnaissance, masking, provoking the opponent, or disrupting their actions (Орлов, 2021). The current stage of international karate is marked by increased competition. When athletes are equal in terms of psychophysiological readiness, physical development, and technical preparation, victory is achieved by the one who can most effectively and timely execute tactical-technical actions in a given combat situation (Павлов, Гареева, Тимербаев, 2018). Aim of the research: to develop exercises sets for improving the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat” and to evaluate their effect on the effectiveness of attack actions in karate. Hypothesis: if karate athletes aged 12-13 with green and blue belt ranks apply sets of exercises aimed at improving the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat”, it will contribute to increased effectiveness in kumite discipline competitions. Tasks of the research: 1. Theoretically analyze tools and methods for learning preparatory tactical maneuvers in karate. 2. Determine the effectiveness of preparatory tactical maneuvers in kumite matches. 3. Develop and test exercise sets to improve the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat”. 4. Assess the impact of applying these exercise sets on the effectiveness of offensive actions in kumite. Methods used: 1. Literature analysis. 2. Competition observation. 3. Pedagogical experiment. 4. Mathematical statistical methods. The research results confirmed the hypothesis if karate athletes aged 12-13 with green and blue belt ranks apply sets of exercises aimed at improving the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat”, it will contribute to increased effectiveness in kumite discipline competitions. Comparing the results before and after the experiment, the effectiveness of the “threat” maneuver statistically significantly improved. The developed exercise sets had a positive impact on the effectiveness of attacking actions in kumite.
The main means of achieving victory in karate combat is the strike or striking technique. Tactical actions such as choosing the right distance, maneuvering, changing the line of attack, and various body movements help to solve situational problems during a match. Tactics refer to the purposeful use of techniques and tools aimed at achieving maximum results (Ren, 2015). During karate fights, movement and maneuvering are essential for preparing and executing effective attacks. Experts emphasize that maneuvering is the most important preparatory action during a match, as it helps to solve various tactical tasks such as reconnaissance, masking, provoking the opponent, or disrupting their actions (Орлов, 2021). The current stage of international karate is marked by increased competition. When athletes are equal in terms of psychophysiological readiness, physical development, and technical preparation, victory is achieved by the one who can most effectively and timely execute tactical-technical actions in a given combat situation (Павлов, Гареева, Тимербаев, 2018). Aim of the research: to develop exercises sets for improving the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat” and to evaluate their effect on the effectiveness of attack actions in karate. Hypothesis: if karate athletes aged 12-13 with green and blue belt ranks apply sets of exercises aimed at improving the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat”, it will contribute to increased effectiveness in kumite discipline competitions. Tasks of the research: 1. Theoretically analyze tools and methods for learning preparatory tactical maneuvers in karate. 2. Determine the effectiveness of preparatory tactical maneuvers in kumite matches. 3. Develop and test exercise sets to improve the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat”. 4. Assess the impact of applying these exercise sets on the effectiveness of offensive actions in kumite. Methods used: 1. Literature analysis. 2. Competition observation. 3. Pedagogical experiment. 4. Mathematical statistical methods. The research results confirmed the hypothesis if karate athletes aged 12-13 with green and blue belt ranks apply sets of exercises aimed at improving the preparatory tactical maneuver “threat”, it will contribute to increased effectiveness in kumite discipline competitions. Comparing the results before and after the experiment, the effectiveness of the “threat” maneuver statistically significantly improved. The developed exercise sets had a positive impact on the effectiveness of attacking actions in kumite.
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Sporta zinātne
Sports science
Izglītība, pedagoģija un sports
Education, Pedagogy and Sports
Sports science
Izglītība, pedagoģija un sports
Education, Pedagogy and Sports