Postoperatīva venoza trombembolija - viena centra dati
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Ievads. Venozas trombembolijas (VTE) incidence Eiropā variē no 104 līdz 183 uz 100 000 iedzīvotāju, kas to padara par vienu no izplatītākajiem kardiovaskulārajiem sindromiem saslimstības ziņā (Heit JA et al., 2015). Nesena ķirurģiska operācija ir viens no nopietnākajiem riska faktoriem venozai trombembolijai.
Pētījuma mērķis: salīdzināt venozas trombembolijas attīstības laiku, klīnisko ainu un prognozi atkarībā no ķirurģiskās manipulācijas veida.
Materiāli un metodes. Prospektīvs kohortas pētījums, kas iekļauj pacientus ar simptomātisku, objektīvu izmeklējumu apstiprinātu venozu trombemboliju laika posmā no 2014.gada līdz 2021.gadam vienā klīniskā universitātes slimnīcā. Šis pētījums fokusējas uz pacientiem, kam ir attīstījusies venoza trombembolija astoņu nedēļu laikā no operācijas brīža. Ķirurģiskās operācijas tika iedalītas kā ortopēdiskas, onkoloģiskas, abdominālas un cita veida operācijas. Trombemboliskais notikums tika definēts kā plaušu artēriju trombembolija (PATE), dziļo vēnu tromboze (DVT) vai plaušu artēriju trombembolija kopā ar dziļo vēnu trombozi (PATE/DVT).
Rezultāti. No 565 iekļautajiem pacientiem, 65 (11,5%) bija nesena operācija. Vidējais VTE attīstības laiks bija 24 dienas (SD ± 17,1). Pirmā mēneša laikā no operācijas brīža VTE attīstījas 75,6% pacientu, no kuriem 16,9% tas notika pirmās nedēļas laikā. Tikai 29.2% pacientu saņēma perioperatīvu tromboprofilaksi. Bija statistiski nozīmīga atšķirība starp ķirurģisko operāciju grupām perioperatīvas tromboprofilakses lietošanā (P=0.038), kur visbiežāk tā tika lietota ortopēdiskās operācijās (50%), taču visretāk abdominālo operāciju grupā (6,7%). Nebija statistisku nozīmīgu atšķirību starp grupām VTE attīstības laikā, klīniskajā prezentācijā (PATE, DVT vai PATE/DVT) un iznākumā (asiņošana, nāve). Visbeidzot, 23,1% no šiem pacientiem mira 90 dienu laikā, no kuriem 60% bija ar diagnosticētu ļaundabīgu audzēju, kas bija neatkarīgs negatīvs prognostisks faktors (P=0.007).
Secinājumi. Vislielākais risks attīstīties venozai trombembolijai ir pirmā mēneša laikā pēc operācijas. Tikai 29% pacientu bija saņēmuši perioperatīvu profilaksi, ar statistiski nozīmīgu atšķirību starp grupām. Nebija statistiski nozīmīgu atšķirību VTE attīstības laikā, klīniskajās izpausmēs vai iznākumā starp grupām. Apsekošanas brīdī 23.1% (salīdzinot ar 22.2% neprovocētai VTE) pacientu pēc ķirurģiskām operācijām bija miruši, no kuriem nozīmīgi lielākā daļa bija ar diagnosticētu ļaundabīgu audzēju. Ir nepieciešams pārvērtēt perioperatīvas tromboprofilakses nozīmību.
Objectives. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Europe ranges from 104 to 183 per 100 000, making it one of the top cardiovascular diseases in terms of morbidity (Heit JA et al., 2015). Recent surgical intervention is one of the major risk factors for venous thromboembolism. The aim of this study is to investigate time clinical presentation and outcomes in postoperative patients with VTE. Materials and Methods. A prospective cohort study enlisting patients with symptomatic confirmed VTE from 2014 till 2021 in a single university hospital. This study focuses on patients with developed VTE 8 weeks after surgical intervention. The surgeries were categorized as orthopedic, oncologic, abdominal, and other. Thromboembolic event was defined as pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism with deep vein thrombosis (PE/DVT). Results. Of 565 patients enrolled in the study, 65 (11,5%) had recent surgery. The mean time to develop VTE from surgery was 24 days (SD ±17,1). The majority - 75,6% of the patients developed VTE in the first month postoperatively, including 16.9% who had thromboembolic events (PE and/or DVT) during the first week. Only 29.2% had received thromboprophylaxis after surgery. There was significant difference in usage of thromboprophylaxis between groups (P=0.038), where most used it was in orthopaedic surgeries (50%), and least in abdominal group (6.7%). No significant differences in time of VTE development, clinical presentation (PE, DVT or PE/DVT) and outcomes between groups Finally, 23.1% of the patients died within 90 days, although 60% of them were with diagnosed cancer, which was significant independent negative prognostic factor (P=0.007). Conclusions. The highest risk to develop VTE is during the first month postoperatively. Only 29% had received thromboprophylaxis after surgery, with significant differences between groups. There were no significant differences in time of VTE development, clinical presentation, and outcomes between groups. At the time of the follow up, 23.1% (vs 22.2% for unprovoked) of the postoperative patients were dead, with significant majority of those with cancer. It is necessary to reevaluate the importance of thromboprophylaxis after surgeries.
Objectives. The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Europe ranges from 104 to 183 per 100 000, making it one of the top cardiovascular diseases in terms of morbidity (Heit JA et al., 2015). Recent surgical intervention is one of the major risk factors for venous thromboembolism. The aim of this study is to investigate time clinical presentation and outcomes in postoperative patients with VTE. Materials and Methods. A prospective cohort study enlisting patients with symptomatic confirmed VTE from 2014 till 2021 in a single university hospital. This study focuses on patients with developed VTE 8 weeks after surgical intervention. The surgeries were categorized as orthopedic, oncologic, abdominal, and other. Thromboembolic event was defined as pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism with deep vein thrombosis (PE/DVT). Results. Of 565 patients enrolled in the study, 65 (11,5%) had recent surgery. The mean time to develop VTE from surgery was 24 days (SD ±17,1). The majority - 75,6% of the patients developed VTE in the first month postoperatively, including 16.9% who had thromboembolic events (PE and/or DVT) during the first week. Only 29.2% had received thromboprophylaxis after surgery. There was significant difference in usage of thromboprophylaxis between groups (P=0.038), where most used it was in orthopaedic surgeries (50%), and least in abdominal group (6.7%). No significant differences in time of VTE development, clinical presentation (PE, DVT or PE/DVT) and outcomes between groups Finally, 23.1% of the patients died within 90 days, although 60% of them were with diagnosed cancer, which was significant independent negative prognostic factor (P=0.007). Conclusions. The highest risk to develop VTE is during the first month postoperatively. Only 29% had received thromboprophylaxis after surgery, with significant differences between groups. There were no significant differences in time of VTE development, clinical presentation, and outcomes between groups. At the time of the follow up, 23.1% (vs 22.2% for unprovoked) of the postoperative patients were dead, with significant majority of those with cancer. It is necessary to reevaluate the importance of thromboprophylaxis after surgeries.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care