Physical and Psychological Impacts of Child Labor in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining in Sub-Sahara Africa
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Mūsdienās viena no globālajām problēmām ir bērnu darba izplatība bīstamās nozarēs, un viena no tām ir amatnieciskā un mazapjoma zelta ieguve. Šajā nozarē, kas bieži ir neregulēta, nelegāla un pēc būtības nedroša vide, bērnu ikdienas dzīve ir ļoti bīstama. Tostarp toksīni ķīmisko vielu veidā, piemēram, cianīds un dzīvsudrabs, atkārtota muskuloskeletālā slodze, bīstami instrumenti un iekārtas. Līdztekus tam šie bērni saskaras arī ar psiholoģisku stresu, tostarp emocionāliem, kognitīviem traucējumiem un sociālo izolāciju, ko pastiprina plašākas sociālekonomiskās problēmas, kuras uztur bērnu darbu.
Tika izpēti par bērnu darbu amatnieciskajs un māž apjomā zelta raktuves, izmantojot zintniekos rakstus tāds elektroniskajās datubāzes (PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE Journals, Elsevier and ProQuest) par periodu no 2000. līdz 2025. gadam. Šī darba mērķis bija izpētīt bīstamo darba apstākļu fizisko un psiholoģisko ietekmi uz bērniem amatnieciskajā un mazapjoma zelta ieguvē.
Darba rezultāti liecina, ka amatnieciskā un mazapjoma zelta ieguve rada smagas sekas gan uz fizisko, gan psiholoģisko veselību, kas rezultējas ar nabadzību un ierobežotu izglītības pieejamību. Šo profesionālo risku kumulatīvā ietekme izraisa hroniskas problēmas, emocionālu nestabilitāti un attīstības problēmas. Turklāt šis problēmas potētāj reģion atkārtojas no paaudzes uz paaudzi – saglābjas cilvēku neaizsargātībā un darba ekspluatācija. Lai mazinātu bērnu darba negatīvās sekas un to izcelsmi, ir jāveic likumdošanas izmaisa, jāveicina darba tiesību aktu izpilde un mērķtiecīgā paskuma stenēšanā, lai uzlabotu darba apstākļus un nodrošinātu alternatīvas iespējas skartajiem bērniem un viņu ģimenēm.
In today's time and age one of our global concerns is the prevalence of child labor in hazardous sectors, one of these being artisanal and small-scale gold mining. This sector, being an often unregulated, illegal and inherently unsafe environment, exposes children daily to a highly perilous everyday life. Including toxins, in the form of chemicals, such as cyanide and mercury, repetitive musculoskeletal strain, dangerous tools and equipment. Together with this the child laborers are also faced with psychological stressors including emotional distress, cognitive impairment and social isolation convoluted by the broader socio-economic challenges that sustain child labor. By revising studies conducted between the years 2000 and 2025 focusing on child labor in artisanal and small-scale gold mines, collected through electronic scientific data bases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE Journals, Elsevier and ProQuest). The aim being to investigate the physical and psychological effects of hazardous work conditions among children in artisanal and small- scale gold mining. The result of the thesis showed that artisanal and small-scale gold mining leads to severe health consequences, both physical and psychological, complicated by poverty and limited access to education. With a cumulative effect these occupational risks result in chronic problems, emotional instability and developmental challenges. Further this traps the affected children and generations onwards in cycles of vulnerability and exploitation. To minimize the consequences and the root of child labor efforts should focus on changes of policy, enforcement of labor laws and the implementation of targeted interventions to improve working conditions and provide alternative opportunities for children affected and their families.
In today's time and age one of our global concerns is the prevalence of child labor in hazardous sectors, one of these being artisanal and small-scale gold mining. This sector, being an often unregulated, illegal and inherently unsafe environment, exposes children daily to a highly perilous everyday life. Including toxins, in the form of chemicals, such as cyanide and mercury, repetitive musculoskeletal strain, dangerous tools and equipment. Together with this the child laborers are also faced with psychological stressors including emotional distress, cognitive impairment and social isolation convoluted by the broader socio-economic challenges that sustain child labor. By revising studies conducted between the years 2000 and 2025 focusing on child labor in artisanal and small-scale gold mines, collected through electronic scientific data bases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, SAGE Journals, Elsevier and ProQuest). The aim being to investigate the physical and psychological effects of hazardous work conditions among children in artisanal and small- scale gold mining. The result of the thesis showed that artisanal and small-scale gold mining leads to severe health consequences, both physical and psychological, complicated by poverty and limited access to education. With a cumulative effect these occupational risks result in chronic problems, emotional instability and developmental challenges. Further this traps the affected children and generations onwards in cycles of vulnerability and exploitation. To minimize the consequences and the root of child labor efforts should focus on changes of policy, enforcement of labor laws and the implementation of targeted interventions to improve working conditions and provide alternative opportunities for children affected and their families.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care