Smagumu pārvietošana NMPD darbiniekiem
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Ievads. Muskuloskeletālās sistēmas slimību attīstību ietekmē gan nodarbinātās personas fiziskās attīstības līmenis, gan darba slodze. Palielinoties nodarbināto vecumam, fiziskā darba spējas pazeminās, attiecīgi, pieaug risks iegūt hroniskas muskuļu, skeleta un saistaudu slimības vai akūtu traumu darba vietā. Neatliekamās medicīniskās palīdzības dienesta (NMPD) darbinieki ir pakļauti virknei riska faktoru, kas veicina muskuloskeletālo un saistaudu slimību attīstību. Izvēlētā darba tēma ir aktuāla, jo tā ir maz pētīta, literatūrā nav datu, ar ko veikt salīdzinājumu un precīzi definēt slodzi un tā ietekmi uz organismu.
Darba mērķis. Noskaidrot nemehanizēti pārvietojamā pamatekipējuma (soma, defibrilators) kopējo svaru, ko diennaktī paceļ un pārnēsā neatliekamās medicīniskās palīdzības dienesta brigādes otrā persona.
Materiāli un metodes. Kvantitatīvs aprakstošs novērojuma pētījums ar aptaujas elementiem, kurā tika analizēts NMPD brigādes otrās personas pārvietojamo smagumu apjoms maiņas laikā. Par pārvietojamiem smagumiem tika uzskatīts brigādes pamatekipējums, bet netika novērtēta pacientu pāvietošana. Papildus ar svariem tika nosvērts standarta pamatekipējums, lai vēlāk to izmantotu aprēķinos. Katram pētījuma dalībniekam tika izveidots atsevišķs standartizēts aptaujas protokols Microsoft Excel programmā.
Rezultāti. Analizējot datus no visiem pētījumā iesaistītajiem dalībniekiem, minimālais pārvietoto kilogramu skaits vienai brigādes otrajai personai, neņemot vērā to, ka smagums tiek pārvietots pa kāpnēm, ir 16 kilogrami un maksimālais kilogramu skaits bija 438 kilogramu diennakts dežūras laikā. Noteikti jāņem vērā, ka pārnestais attālums var atšķirties. Savukārt izsakot pārvietotos apjomus kilogramu stāvos tika iegūtas vērtības – minimālais 16 kilogramu stāvi un maksimālais 4623 kilogramu stāvi diennakts dežūras laikā.
Secinājumi. Darbs NMP dienestā ir gan fiziski, gan psihiski smags un nogurdinošs. NMP brigādes otrās personas pārnestais pamatekipējuma svars diennakts laikā sasniedz par 438 kilogramus un enerģijas patēriņš, pārvietojot pamatekipējumu pa kāpnēm atbilsts augstas intensitātes fiziskai aktivitātei (> 6MET ). Nemehanizēti pārvietojot pamatekipējumu izmainās papildus ķermeņa biomehānika – ķermeņa poza un gaitas kinemātika. Neatbilstoša fiziskā sagatavotība un ilgstoša ekspozīcija var būt ievērojams risks muskuloskeletālo slimību attīstībai.
Introduction. Development of musculoskeletal system diseases is influenced by the level of persons physical abilities and the workload. As the age of employees increases, the physical work capacity decreases, correspondingly increasing the risk of acquiring chronic musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases or acute injuries at the workplace. Emergency Medical Service (EMS) workers are exposed to a number of risk factors that contribute to the development of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases. The topic of the chosen work is topical, because the topic is little studied, there is no data in the literature to compare and precisely define the work load and its effect on the body. Objectives. The aim of the study was to find out the total weight of basic equipment (bag, defibrillator), which is non - mechanical lifted and carried by the EMS personnel in 24 hour shift. Materials and methods. A quantitative descriptive observational study with survey elements that only analyzed the second person of the EMS crew during the 24 hour shift. Only the carrying of basic equipment was assessed, but patient handling was not included. Equipment was weighed with scales for later use in calculations. A standardized survey protocol was created in Microsoft Excel for each study participant. Results. Analyzing the data from all participants, the minimum amount of kilograms for one crew person, not taking into account that the weight is carried up on the stairs, is 16 kilograms and the maximum amount of kilograms is 438 kilograms during a 24-hour duty. It must be taken into account that distance may varie. But when converted in kilogram floors of stairs, minimum amount was 16 kilograms and maximum value was 4623 kilograms Conclusions. Work in the EMS service is both physically and mentally demanding and tiring. The weight of the basic equipment carried by the second person of the EMS team reaches 438 kilograms during the shift, and the energy consumption when moving the basic equipment up the stairs corresponds to high-intensity physical activity (> 6MET). When carrying the basic equipment the body's biomechanics - body posture and gait kinematics - also change. Inadequate physical training and prolonged exposure may predispose to the development of musculoskeletal disorders.
Introduction. Development of musculoskeletal system diseases is influenced by the level of persons physical abilities and the workload. As the age of employees increases, the physical work capacity decreases, correspondingly increasing the risk of acquiring chronic musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases or acute injuries at the workplace. Emergency Medical Service (EMS) workers are exposed to a number of risk factors that contribute to the development of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases. The topic of the chosen work is topical, because the topic is little studied, there is no data in the literature to compare and precisely define the work load and its effect on the body. Objectives. The aim of the study was to find out the total weight of basic equipment (bag, defibrillator), which is non - mechanical lifted and carried by the EMS personnel in 24 hour shift. Materials and methods. A quantitative descriptive observational study with survey elements that only analyzed the second person of the EMS crew during the 24 hour shift. Only the carrying of basic equipment was assessed, but patient handling was not included. Equipment was weighed with scales for later use in calculations. A standardized survey protocol was created in Microsoft Excel for each study participant. Results. Analyzing the data from all participants, the minimum amount of kilograms for one crew person, not taking into account that the weight is carried up on the stairs, is 16 kilograms and the maximum amount of kilograms is 438 kilograms during a 24-hour duty. It must be taken into account that distance may varie. But when converted in kilogram floors of stairs, minimum amount was 16 kilograms and maximum value was 4623 kilograms Conclusions. Work in the EMS service is both physically and mentally demanding and tiring. The weight of the basic equipment carried by the second person of the EMS team reaches 438 kilograms during the shift, and the energy consumption when moving the basic equipment up the stairs corresponds to high-intensity physical activity (> 6MET). When carrying the basic equipment the body's biomechanics - body posture and gait kinematics - also change. Inadequate physical training and prolonged exposure may predispose to the development of musculoskeletal disorders.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care