The Relation between the Exposure to Asbestos and Mesothelioma

Abstract

This thesis examines malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and its contributing factors. It underscores that prior asbestos exposure remains the primary cause of MPM. Although there is no direct link between MPM and exposure to synthetic vitreous fibres (MMVF) or silica, there may be a cumulative impact when combined with asbestos. The paper also emphasises the role of genetic factors, especially mutations in the BAP1 gene, in predisposing individuals to MPM. Molecular studies reveal mutations in specific genes, along with potential cancer-inducing mutations in the TERT gene. MPM displays unique DNA methylation pattern and miRNA expression profiles. Additionally, the paper addresses the risks of asbestos exposure in various occupational and environmental settings, as well as the challenges of assessing and quantifying such exposure. It highlights the importance of reducing the high rate of misdiagnosis, which leads to delays and inappropriate treatments, and of early genetic testing to identify hereditary mutations, while awaiting the outcomes of new clinical trials that offer the potential for improved treatment options. Lastly, it underscores the significance of ongoing research into MPM causes and prevention, given the increasing global prevalence of the disease.