Component - resolved diagnostic vs. Skin prick test: Diagnostic test comparison
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Pētījuma aktualitāte: Rietumu pasaulē novērojams alerģisko slimību izplatības pieaugums, kā arī ar tām saistīto diagnostikas un ārstēšanas izmaksu palielināšanās, kas ir aizvien lielāks izaicinājums veselības aprūpes sistēmām. Molekulārie alerģiju testi (CRD) kļūst arvien pieejamāki un precīzāki, bet kopīga ādas dūriena testu (SPT) un molekulārās diagnostikas metožu izmantošana palielina finansiālo slogu.
Mērķis: Šī pētījuma mērķis ir novērtēt ādas dūriena testa un molekulārās testēšanas metožu diagnostisko ticamību, izpētot iespējamās atšķirības testu rezultātos dažādiem alergēniem dažādās laboratorijās, lai labāk izprastu starp-laboratoriju variabilitāti un uzlabotu diagnostikas precizitāti.
Hipotēze: Starp molekulārās alergēnu diagnostikas un ādas dūriena testu rezultātiem pastāv būtiska atšķirība, kā arī pastāv rezultātu variabilitāte, kas ir atkarīga no alergēnu profila un laboratorijas, kurā veikta CRD, faktoriem.
Metodes: Retrospektīvs kvantitatīvs pētījums, kurš veikts Alerģisko slimību diagnostikas un ārstēšanas centrā, Rīgā, Latvijā. Pētījumā piedalījās 120 pacienti, kuriem tika veikts SPT un divās atsevišķās laboratorijās CRD. Pētījums saņēmis apstiprinājumu Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Ētikas komitejā. Statistiskā analīze tika veikta, izmantojot SPSS un R programmatūru.
Rezultāti: No 120 pacientiem 61% bija sievietes, kuru vidējais vecums bija 33,21 gads. SPT un CRD uzrādīja būtisku sakritību attiecībā uz D. pteronyssinus (Kappa = 0,748) un D. farinae (Kappa = 0,753), savukārt mērena sakritība tika novērota bērza (Kappa = 0,790) un timotiņa (Kappa = 0,785) alergēniem. Turpretim netika atrasta sakritība attiecībā uz suņa alergēniem (Kappa = -0,047). Rezultātos starp laboratorijām tika novērotas atšķirības, īpaši attiecībā uz lazdas un suņa alergēniem, kuras nebija statistiski nozīmīgas. CRD atklāja augstu Der p 1 (71 %), Der p 2 (81,6 %) un Der p 23 (68,4 %) prevalenci, kas liecina par to nozīmīgumu Latvijas iedzīvotāju vidū. Vairākiem alergēniem tika konstatēta spēcīga pozitīva korelācija starp SPT papulu izmēriem un CRD alergēnu komponentu kopējām vērtībām.
Secinājumi: Šis pētījums norāda uz sieviešu pārsvaru pētāmajā populācijā un sakritību starp SPT un CRD rezultātiem. Lai gan tika novērotas arī atšķirības rezultātos, jo īpaši attiecībā uz suņa alergēniem, šīs atšķirības nebija statistiski nozīmīgas. Rezultāti uzsver CRD lomu alerģisko slimību diagnostikā un tās potenciālu identificēt ģeogrāfiskās un valstij specifiskās sensibilizācijas īpatnības. Molekulārās testēšanas integrācija papildus tradicionālajām alergoloģijas testēšanas metodēm ir atbalstāma, jo tā ļauj pielāgot katram pacientam individuālu alerģisko slimību pārvaldības stratēģiju. Turpmākajos pētījumos būtu jātiecas uz novērojumu izpēti lielākā pacientu populācijā, lai apstiprinātu gūtos rezultātus.
Relevance of the study: The rising prevalence of allergies in the Western world, along with the increasing costs of diagnosis and treatment, is a growing challenge for healthcare systems. While molecular allergy tests (CRD) are becoming more affordable and accurate, the combined use of skin prick tests (SPT) and molecular diagnostics is adding financial strain. Aim: This study aims to assess the diagnostic reliability of SPT and CRD methods, exploring potential discrepancies between test results across different allergen profiles, and laboratory settings to better understand inter-laboratory variability and improve diagnostic accuracy. Hypothesis: Molecular allergy diagnostics and skin prick tests demonstrate significant differences in diagnostic outcomes that vary across different allergen profiles, with test results also being influenced by laboratory settings. Methods: A retrospective quantitative study was conducted at the Allergic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center in Riga, Latvia, involving 120 patients who underwent both skin prick tests (SPT) and component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) at two separate laboratories. The study received approval from the Riga Stradiņš University Ethics Committee. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and R software. Results: Out of 120 patients, 61% were female, with a mean age of 33.21 years. SPT and CRD showed substantial agreement for D. pteronyssinus (Kappa = 0.748) and D. farinae (Kappa = 0.753), while moderate agreement was observed for birch (Kappa = 0.790) and timothy grass (Kappa = 0.785). In contrast, no agreement was found for dog allergens (Kappa = -0.047) and significant variability was noted across laboratories, particularly for hazel and dog allergens. CRD revealed high detection rates for Der p 1 (71%), Der p 2 (81.6%), and Der p 23 (68.4%), indicating their relevance in the Latvian population. A strong positive correlation was identified between skin prick test papule sizes and total allergen component values for multiple allergens. Conclusion: This study highlights a predominance of female participants and substantial concordance between SPT and CRD for specific allergens. Although some discrepancies were noted, particularly with dog allergens, these variations were not statistically significant. The findings emphasize the critical role of CRD in allergy diagnostics and its potential to identify geographic and nation-specific sensitizations. The integration of molecular testing with traditional methods is advocated to enhance personalized allergy management strategies. Future investigations should aim for broader demographic representation to further elucidate these findings.
Relevance of the study: The rising prevalence of allergies in the Western world, along with the increasing costs of diagnosis and treatment, is a growing challenge for healthcare systems. While molecular allergy tests (CRD) are becoming more affordable and accurate, the combined use of skin prick tests (SPT) and molecular diagnostics is adding financial strain. Aim: This study aims to assess the diagnostic reliability of SPT and CRD methods, exploring potential discrepancies between test results across different allergen profiles, and laboratory settings to better understand inter-laboratory variability and improve diagnostic accuracy. Hypothesis: Molecular allergy diagnostics and skin prick tests demonstrate significant differences in diagnostic outcomes that vary across different allergen profiles, with test results also being influenced by laboratory settings. Methods: A retrospective quantitative study was conducted at the Allergic Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Center in Riga, Latvia, involving 120 patients who underwent both skin prick tests (SPT) and component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) at two separate laboratories. The study received approval from the Riga Stradiņš University Ethics Committee. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and R software. Results: Out of 120 patients, 61% were female, with a mean age of 33.21 years. SPT and CRD showed substantial agreement for D. pteronyssinus (Kappa = 0.748) and D. farinae (Kappa = 0.753), while moderate agreement was observed for birch (Kappa = 0.790) and timothy grass (Kappa = 0.785). In contrast, no agreement was found for dog allergens (Kappa = -0.047) and significant variability was noted across laboratories, particularly for hazel and dog allergens. CRD revealed high detection rates for Der p 1 (71%), Der p 2 (81.6%), and Der p 23 (68.4%), indicating their relevance in the Latvian population. A strong positive correlation was identified between skin prick test papule sizes and total allergen component values for multiple allergens. Conclusion: This study highlights a predominance of female participants and substantial concordance between SPT and CRD for specific allergens. Although some discrepancies were noted, particularly with dog allergens, these variations were not statistically significant. The findings emphasize the critical role of CRD in allergy diagnostics and its potential to identify geographic and nation-specific sensitizations. The integration of molecular testing with traditional methods is advocated to enhance personalized allergy management strategies. Future investigations should aim for broader demographic representation to further elucidate these findings.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care