HIV/AIDS stigmatizācija dažādi nodarbinātu sabiedrības locekļu vidū un sabiedrības izglītošanas iespējas.
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Pētnieciskajā darbā “HIV/AIDS stigmatizācija dažādi nodarbinātu sabiedrības locekļu vidū un sabiedrības izglītošanas iespējas” tika analizētas 200 respondentu aizpildītās aptaujas anketas, vērtējot respondentu zināšanas par HIV/AIDS infekciju un identificējot stigmatizāciju pret HIV pozitīviem indivīdiem. Dati iegūti šķērsgriezuma pētījuma ietvaros un to apstrādē pamatā tika izmantotas aprakstošās statistikas metodes. Pētnieciskajā darbā tika novērtēta saistība starp dažādiem raksturlielumiem un izvērtēta šo rādītāju statistiskā nozīmība. Pētnieciskā darba mērķis bija noskaidrot un izvērtēt dažādi nodarbinātu sabiedrības locekļu informētību par HIV/AIDS infekciju, galvenokārt analizējot testa vērtējumu atšķirības starp grupām (ar vai bez izglītības un profesijas veselības aprūpes jomā), kā arī noskaidrot, vai un cik lielā mērā sabiedrībā tiek stigmatizēti HIV/AIDS pozitīvi indivīdi.
Pētnieciskā darba ietvaros tika noskaidroti jautājumi, kuros respondenti kļūdījās biežāk, tādējādi identificējot tās ar HIV infekciju saistītās tēmas, kurām būtu jāvērš lielāka sabiedrības uzmanība. Tādas izrādījās HIV transmisija, inficēšanās veidi, normatīvie akti HIV statusa noteikšanai, klīniskās HIV infekcijas izpausmes. Bija vērojama tendence augstāku vērtējumu zināšanu novērtējuma testā iegūt personām, kas pieder grupai ar izglītību un profesiju veselības aprūpes jomā. Personām, kas nepieder iepriekš minētajai grupai, bija tendence iegūt kā augstu, tā zemu vērtējumu zināšanu pārbaudes testā.
Pētnieciskā darba sākumā izvirzītā hipotēze par to, ka uz tiem sabiedrības locekļiem, kam ir iesākta, domāts studenti, vai pabeigta izglītība un līdz ar to arī profesija ar veselības aprūpi saistītā jomā, HIV/AIDS pozitīvu personu stigmatizācija ir attiecināma mazāk, kā uz tiem dažādi nodarbinātiem sabiedrības locekļiem, kuru izglītība un profesija nav saistīta ar veselības aprūpi, apstiprinājās, jo stigmatizāciju apstiprinošajos jautājumos veselības aprūpes jomā strādājošie vai studējošie respondenti visbiežāk izvēlējās atbildes, kas pamato viņu profesionālo gatavību atrasties HIV pozitīvo personu tuvumā. Veselības aprūpes jomā strādājošie un studējošie respondenti biežāk atbildēja, ka viņiem nesagādātu problēmas atrasties ciešā kontaktā ar HIV pacientu, kamēr ar veselības aprūpi nesaistītie respondenti bija biežāk noraidoši atrasties HIV pozitīvas personas tuvumā, sarunāties vai atrasties ciešā kontaktā. Neskatoties uz to, ka izvirzītā hipotēze apstiprinājās, tika secināts, ka sabiedrībai vēl ir kur tiekties, jo aizspriedumi tajā tomēr pastāv. Kaut arī ar veselības aprūpes jomu nesaistīto respondentiem bija vērojama lielāka tendence uz aizspriedumiem, tā mazākā mērā, bet tomēr pastāv arī veselības aprūpes speciālistu vidū, jo 30% šo respondentu atzina, ka viņiem ir bailes vai nepatīkamas emocijas ikdienā ārstēt HIV pozitīvus pacientus.
Pētnieciskā darba ietvaros iegūtā informācija norāda par sabiedrībā aktuālām problēmām. Viena no tām ir personu zināšanu un vai informēt
Research work “HIV/AIDS stigmatization within variously employed society members and public eduaction possibilities” analyses surveys filled by 200 respondents, rating respondent’s knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection and recognizing stigmatization towards HIV positive persons. All the data were investigated and summarized using mainly descriptive statistical methods. The relationship between different characteristics was evaluated and the statistical significance of these indicators was assessed. The aim of the research was to find out and evaluate the awareness of HIV/AIDS infection within variously employed society members, mainly by analyzing difference in test scores between groups (with or without education and profession in the field of health care) and determine whether and to what extent HIV/AIDS positive persons suffer from stigmatization. The research identified issues in which respondents made mistakes more often, thus identifying those topics related to HIV infection that should receive more public attention. These turned out to be the types of HIV transmission, normative acts for determining HIV status, clinical manifestations of HIV infection. There was a tendency to obtain higher marks in the knowledge assessment test for belonging to the group with education and profession in the field of health care. Persons outside the above group tended to score both high and low on the knowledge test. Hypothesis that those members of society who have started or completed education and thus also a health-related profession are less likely to stigmatize HIV / AIDS-positive people than those of variously employed members of society whose education and the profession is not related to health care, was confirmed, because in the questions confirming stigma, respondents working or studying in the field of health care most often chose answers that justify their professional readiness to be close to HIV-positive people. Respondents working and studying in health care were more likely to say that they would not have problems in close contact with an HIV patient, while non-health care respondents were more likely to refuse to be in close contact, talk or have close contact with an HIV-positive person. Despite the fact that the hypothesis was confirmed, it was concluded that the society still has a long way to go, because there are still prejudices in it. Unfortunately, prejudice also exists among healthcare professionals, as 30% of these respondents admitted that they have fears or unpleasant emotions about treating HIV-positive patients on a daily basis. The information obtained in the course of the resesarch indicates the current problems of the society. One of them is the lack of knowledge and awareness among individuals about HIV infection. The other problem is the stigmatization of HIV/AIDS patients, both among health care and non-health care providers. These findings and conclusions of the study could highlight the need to educate the society ab
Research work “HIV/AIDS stigmatization within variously employed society members and public eduaction possibilities” analyses surveys filled by 200 respondents, rating respondent’s knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection and recognizing stigmatization towards HIV positive persons. All the data were investigated and summarized using mainly descriptive statistical methods. The relationship between different characteristics was evaluated and the statistical significance of these indicators was assessed. The aim of the research was to find out and evaluate the awareness of HIV/AIDS infection within variously employed society members, mainly by analyzing difference in test scores between groups (with or without education and profession in the field of health care) and determine whether and to what extent HIV/AIDS positive persons suffer from stigmatization. The research identified issues in which respondents made mistakes more often, thus identifying those topics related to HIV infection that should receive more public attention. These turned out to be the types of HIV transmission, normative acts for determining HIV status, clinical manifestations of HIV infection. There was a tendency to obtain higher marks in the knowledge assessment test for belonging to the group with education and profession in the field of health care. Persons outside the above group tended to score both high and low on the knowledge test. Hypothesis that those members of society who have started or completed education and thus also a health-related profession are less likely to stigmatize HIV / AIDS-positive people than those of variously employed members of society whose education and the profession is not related to health care, was confirmed, because in the questions confirming stigma, respondents working or studying in the field of health care most often chose answers that justify their professional readiness to be close to HIV-positive people. Respondents working and studying in health care were more likely to say that they would not have problems in close contact with an HIV patient, while non-health care respondents were more likely to refuse to be in close contact, talk or have close contact with an HIV-positive person. Despite the fact that the hypothesis was confirmed, it was concluded that the society still has a long way to go, because there are still prejudices in it. Unfortunately, prejudice also exists among healthcare professionals, as 30% of these respondents admitted that they have fears or unpleasant emotions about treating HIV-positive patients on a daily basis. The information obtained in the course of the resesarch indicates the current problems of the society. One of them is the lack of knowledge and awareness among individuals about HIV infection. The other problem is the stigmatization of HIV/AIDS patients, both among health care and non-health care providers. These findings and conclusions of the study could highlight the need to educate the society ab
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
HIV/AIDS infekcija stigmatizācija, HIV/AIDS infection stigmatization