Transportlīdzekļu trokšņa iedarbība uz cilvēka veselību
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Date
2023
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Ievads: transportlīdzekļu troksnis ir liela vides problēma, kas ietekmē miljoniem Pasaules iedzīvotāju, to veselību un labsajūtu. Divdesmit procenti Eiropas iedzīvotāju tiek ilgtermiņā pakļauti transportlīdzekļu troksnim. (WHO, 2018)
Daudzi nemaz neapzinās, ka trokšņa piesārņojums ir būtiska problēma, un, ka šis troksnis ietekmē cilvēka veselību. Tomēr troksnim arī ir liela iedarbība uz dzīves kvalitāti un garīgo veselību. Saskaņā ar Pasaules Veselības organizācijas (turpmāk tekstā PVO) datiem troksnis ir otrs lielākais ar vidi saistītais veselības problēmu cēlonis uzreiz pēc gaisa piesārņojuma. (WHO, 2018)
Savā pētnieciskajā darbā vēlos noskaidrot, kā transportlīdzekļu troksnis ietekmē cilvēku veselību.
Darba mērķis: izpētīt un aprakstīt transportlīdzekļu trokšņu iedarbību uz cilvēka veselību.
Darbā izmantojamas metodes: retrospektīvs aprakstošs pētījums, zinātnisko publikāciju apskats. Pētījumā izmantotas publikācijas angļu valodā no datubāzēm Pubmed, BMJ Journals, Oxford Academic, ScienceDirect. Tika izmantots arī PRIMO meklēšanas rīks. Meklēšana tiek veikta pēc atslēgas vārdiem traffic noise effect health, traffic noise pollution mental health, environmental noise effect on health.
Rezultāti: pētījumu apkopošanas rezultātā un teorijas izpētes laikā, tika noskaidrots, ka transportlīdzekļu troksnis ir dominējošais satiksmes troksnis, trasportlīdzekļus izmanto daudz lielāks skaits cilvēku nekā pārvietojas ar vilcienu, vai lidmašīnu. Svarīgas ir trokšņu kartes, kas tiek atjaunotas ik pēc 5 gadiem, lai varētu izvērtēt trokšņu līmeņus, kā arī izstrādāt profilaktiskos pasākumus trokšņu mazināšanai analizējot šīs trokšņu kartes. Transportlīdzekļu troksnis dažādi ietekmē cilvēkus, un tas ir atkarīgs no katra cilvēka individuālās trokšņu uztveres.
Secinājumi: lielākā daļā pētījumu apstiprina, to ka transportlīdzekļu troksnis ietekmē cilvēka mentālo veselību. Par citu orgānu sistēmu ietekmi dati ir pretrunīgi, tāpēc nevar būt drošiem, ka, hroniskas kaites izraisa tieši vides troksnis, bet pastāv liela iespēja, ka troksnis varbūt viens no faktoriem, kas var izraisīt šīs slimības.
Introduction: Vehicle noise is a major environmental problem affecting the health and well-being of millions of people around the world. Twenty percent of Europeans are exposed to vehicle noise in the long term. (WHO, 2018) Many people do not realize that noise pollution is a major problem and that this noise affects human health. However, noise also has a major impact on quality of life and mental health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), noise is the second biggest cause of environmental health problems after air pollution. (WHO, 2018) In my research, I want to find out how vehicle noise affects humans' health. The aim: is to explore and describe the effects of vehicle noise on human health. Methods: literature review of scientific publications. Oxford Academic, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, BMJ Journals, and the PRIMO search tool were used in the study. The search is performed using the key words - traffic noise effect on health, traffic noise pollution on mental health, and environmental noise effect on health. Results: Vehicle noise was found to be the dominant traffic noise that affects people’s health, as transport vehicles are used by a larger number of people than travel by train or plane. Noise maps, which are updated every 5 years, are important in order to be able to evaluate noise levels as well as develop preventive measures for noise reduction by analyzing these noise maps. Vehicle noise affects people in different ways, and it depends on each person's individual perception of noise. Conclusion: Most studies confirm that vehicle noise affects mental health. The data on the effects of other organ systems are contradictory, so it cannot be certain that environmental noise is the cause of chronic diseases, but there is a high possibility that noise may be one of the factors that can cause them.
Introduction: Vehicle noise is a major environmental problem affecting the health and well-being of millions of people around the world. Twenty percent of Europeans are exposed to vehicle noise in the long term. (WHO, 2018) Many people do not realize that noise pollution is a major problem and that this noise affects human health. However, noise also has a major impact on quality of life and mental health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), noise is the second biggest cause of environmental health problems after air pollution. (WHO, 2018) In my research, I want to find out how vehicle noise affects humans' health. The aim: is to explore and describe the effects of vehicle noise on human health. Methods: literature review of scientific publications. Oxford Academic, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, BMJ Journals, and the PRIMO search tool were used in the study. The search is performed using the key words - traffic noise effect on health, traffic noise pollution on mental health, and environmental noise effect on health. Results: Vehicle noise was found to be the dominant traffic noise that affects people’s health, as transport vehicles are used by a larger number of people than travel by train or plane. Noise maps, which are updated every 5 years, are important in order to be able to evaluate noise levels as well as develop preventive measures for noise reduction by analyzing these noise maps. Vehicle noise affects people in different ways, and it depends on each person's individual perception of noise. Conclusion: Most studies confirm that vehicle noise affects mental health. The data on the effects of other organ systems are contradictory, so it cannot be certain that environmental noise is the cause of chronic diseases, but there is a high possibility that noise may be one of the factors that can cause them.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Transportlīdzekļu troksnis ietekmē cilvēka veselību, transportlīdzekļu trokšņa piesārņojums, ., Traffic noise effect health, traffic noise pollution mental health, environmental noise effect on health.