Dietary fibres in management of diabetes mellitus type 2

Abstract

Secinājums: Pētījumi ziņo par šķiedrvielu pozitīvo ietekmi gan uz glikēmijas kontroli, gan lipīdu metabolismu, gan insulīna rezistenci, tomēr joprojām pastāv zināmas pretrunas, jo ne visos pētījumos izdodas ziņot par līdzīgiem rezultātiem. Šķiedrvielas ir nekaitīgi produkti ar nelielām blakusparādībām, un tie joprojām ir jāiekļauj 2. tipa CD pacientu uzturā, ievērojot vadlīnijas, ja vien nav pierādīts pretējais. Klīniskie pētījumi ar ilgākiem intervences periodiem un specifiskām šķiedrvielām ir nepieciešami, jo šī darba procesa ierobežojums bija ilgtermiņa pētījumu trūkums.Background: Poor nutrition is often the culprit of many preventable disorders one of which is diabetes mellitus type 2. The rate at which the prevalence is increasing is concerning, it is predicted that the prevalence of diabetes will rise to 783 million by 2045. The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the benefits of incorporating DF in the management of DM2 and get a better understanding of how and if we can integrate DF into the dietary management recommendations for patients with DM2. Aim: To investigate the effects of dietary fibres in management of diabetes mellitus type 2. Objectives: 1. Investigate the impact of dietary fibres on glycemic control 2. Investigate the influence of dietary fibres on insulin sensitivity and resistance 3. Assess the effects of dietary fibres on lipid metabolism Research question: What dose of dietary fibres should be recommended to DM2 patients to achieve a significant effect? Method: The information has been collected from articles and journals from databases such as PubMed, UpToDate, Clinical Key, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect. Where it was possible primary sources were used. The articles used were predominantly free full texts, however, some potentially valuable sources were unavailable due to the requirement to subscribe. Websites such as WHO, ADA, Internetmedicin (Swedish medical guidelines) were also used for general guidelines and statistical overviews. Conclusion: Studies report positive effects from DF on both glycemic control, lipid metabolism and insulin resistance, however, there remains some controversy as not all studies manage to report similar results. DFs are harmless products with few side effects and should still be incorporated in the diet of DM2 patients following the guidelines, unless proven otherwise. Clinical studies with longer intervention periods and specific DFs are warranted as a limitation during the process of this work was the lack of long-term studies.