Changes in bone metabolism preventing the movement of teeth

Abstract

This study examines various factors influencing bone metabolism, particularly those that might reduce or inhibit tooth movement. The literature review centers on different classes of medications, as several drugs, vitamins and hormones can affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). These medications include corticosteroids, calcium regulators, anti-arthritic drugs, anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic drugs, estrogens and other hormones, as well as analgesics. Literature was chosen from several databases including Google scholar, Primo Discovery, Wiley online library and PubMed (MEDLINE). Full text articles, case reports, control trials, longitudinal studies, cross-sectional studies and clinical studies were retrieved. Based on the available evidence, estrogen (E2) supplements, bisphosphonates (BP), calcitonin administration, and analgesics are among the factors that can influence the bone remodeling process and subsequently delay orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). This understanding can be applied to explain complications in orthodontic cases and unsuccessful treatments. However, further research is needed to gain a profound base of knowledge which would leverage application of findings to treatment plans in humans.