Fizioterapijas metožu ietekme uz dzīves kvalitāti pacientiem ar garīgās attīstības traucējumiem. Sistemātiskais literatūras pārskats
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Darba nosaukums. Fizioterapijas metožu ietekme uz dzīves kvalitāti pacientiem ar garīgās attīstības traucējumiem. Sistemātiskais literatūras pārskats
Pamatojums. Garīgās attīstības traucējumi būtiski ietekmē indivīda funkcionālās spējas, dzīves kvalitāti un sociālo integrāciju. Personām ar šiem traucējumiem bieži raksturīgs mazkustīgs dzīvesveids un ierobežotas fiziskās spējas, kas var vēl vairāk pasliktināt viņu vispārējo veselības stāvokli. Fizioterapijas iejaukšanās, īpaši pielāgotas programmas, ir pierādījušas savu efektivitāti motorisko prasmju, līdzsvara, koordinācijas un pašefektivitātes uzlabošanā. Tādēļ nepieciešams padziļināti izvērtēt fizioterapijas metožu pielietojumu šai mērķgrupai.
Pētījuma mērķis. Izpētīt un analizēt fizioterapijas metožu ietekmi uz dzīves kvalitāti pacientiem ar garīgās attīstības traucējumiem.
Pētījuma metodes. Pētījumi tika meklēti datubāzēs PubMed, Wiley library, BMC, izmantojot atslēgvārdus: intellectual disability, physiotherapy, physical activity, quality of life, adults. Darbā tika ietverti randomizēti kontrolēti pētījumi. Atlasītie pētījumi tika salīdzināti, un tika veikta analīze par fizioterapijas metožu ietekmi uz dzīves kvalitāti pacientiem ar garīgās attīstības traucējumiem izmantojumu un iegūtajiem rezultātiem.
Pētījuma rezultāti. Iegūtie rezultāti liecina, cik būtiski ir piemērot fizioterapeitiskās iejaukšanās ar konkrētajām vingrinājumiem un konkrētiem pacientiem pēc vajadzībām. Augstas intensitātes un mērķētas programmas, kā DNS, sniedz uzlabojumus fiziskajās spējās, savukārt vispārējas veselību veicinošas programmas, piemēram, pastaigu aktivitātes, iespējams, sniedz lielāku efektu ilgtermiņā, ja tiek kombinētas ar psihoemocionālu atbalstu un arī ar speciāliem vingrinājumiem. Šie pētījumi pierāda, kā fizioterapijas metožu ietekme uz dzīves kvalitāti pacientiem ar garīgās attīstības traucējumiem var uzlabot fiziskās spējas un ietekmēt ikdienas dzīves kvalitāti.
Secinājumi. Pēc divu pētījumu analīzes var secināt, ka fizioterapijas metodes labvēlīgi ietekmē pacientus ar garīgās attīstības traucējumiem, īpaši tad, ja rehabilitācija tiek veikta multidisciplinārā komandā, sadarbojoties ar citiem veselības aprūpes speciālistiem. Turklāt novērots, ka vislabākie rezultāti tika sasniegti, ja fizioterapijā tika izmantotas konkrētas, strukturētas metodes un vingrojumu programmas. Neskatoties uz metodoloģiskajām atšķirībām, visi pētījumu rezultāti viennozīmīgi norāda uz pacientu dzīves kvalitātes uzlabošanos.
Atslēgas vārdi. intellectual disability, physiotherapy, physical activity, quality of life, adults.
Title. The Impact of Physiotherapy Methods on the Quality of Life in Patients with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review Background. Intellectual disabilities significantly affect an individual’s functional abilities, quality of life, and social integration. Individuals with such conditions often lead a sedentary lifestyle and have limited physical abilities, which can further deteriorate their overall health status. Physiotherapy interventions especially individually tailored programs have demonstrated effectiveness in improving motor skills, balance, coordination, and self-efficacy. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly evaluate the application of physiotherapy methods for this target group. Objective. To examine and analyze the impact of physiotherapy methods on the quality of life of patients with intellectual disabilities. Methods. Studies were selected from databases such as PubMed, Wiley Library, and BMC, using keywords: intellectual disability, physiotherapy, physical activity, quality of life, adults. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The selected studies were compared and analyzed regarding the application and outcomes of physiotherapy methods on quality of life among patients with intellectual disabilities. Results. The findings indicate that physiotherapy interventions are most effective when tailored to the specific needs of patients. High-intensity and targeted programs, such as the DNS method, showed significant improvements in physical function. General health-promoting activities, such as walking, demonstrated positive long-term effects, especially when combined with psycho-emotional support and structured exercises. Overall, the included studies confirm the positive impact of physiotherapy on the quality of life in this patient population. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of two studies, it can be concluded that physiotherapy methods have a beneficial effect on individuals with intellectual disabilities, especially when applied in collaboration with a multidisciplinary healthcare team. The most notable outcomes were observed in programs that used specific, structured techniques and exercise protocols. Despite methodological differences, all study results consistently show an improvement in patients' quality of life. Keywords. intellectual disability, physiotherapy, physical activity, quality of life, adults
Title. The Impact of Physiotherapy Methods on the Quality of Life in Patients with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review Background. Intellectual disabilities significantly affect an individual’s functional abilities, quality of life, and social integration. Individuals with such conditions often lead a sedentary lifestyle and have limited physical abilities, which can further deteriorate their overall health status. Physiotherapy interventions especially individually tailored programs have demonstrated effectiveness in improving motor skills, balance, coordination, and self-efficacy. Therefore, it is essential to thoroughly evaluate the application of physiotherapy methods for this target group. Objective. To examine and analyze the impact of physiotherapy methods on the quality of life of patients with intellectual disabilities. Methods. Studies were selected from databases such as PubMed, Wiley Library, and BMC, using keywords: intellectual disability, physiotherapy, physical activity, quality of life, adults. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The selected studies were compared and analyzed regarding the application and outcomes of physiotherapy methods on quality of life among patients with intellectual disabilities. Results. The findings indicate that physiotherapy interventions are most effective when tailored to the specific needs of patients. High-intensity and targeted programs, such as the DNS method, showed significant improvements in physical function. General health-promoting activities, such as walking, demonstrated positive long-term effects, especially when combined with psycho-emotional support and structured exercises. Overall, the included studies confirm the positive impact of physiotherapy on the quality of life in this patient population. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of two studies, it can be concluded that physiotherapy methods have a beneficial effect on individuals with intellectual disabilities, especially when applied in collaboration with a multidisciplinary healthcare team. The most notable outcomes were observed in programs that used specific, structured techniques and exercise protocols. Despite methodological differences, all study results consistently show an improvement in patients' quality of life. Keywords. intellectual disability, physiotherapy, physical activity, quality of life, adults
Description
Fizioterapija
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care