Dzīves kvalitātes salīdzinājums senioriem ar dzirdi kompensējošām iekārtām un nekompensētu vājdzirdību
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Darba mērķis bija izpētīt dzīves kvalitātes mērījumu atšķirības senioriem ar dzirdi kompensējošām iekārtām un nekompensētu vājdzirdību. Darbā ir aprakstīta vecuma vājdzirdība, trešās un ceturtās pakāpes sensorineirāli dzirdes traucējumi, dzirdes aparāti kā dzirdes kompensējošās iekārtas, dzīves kvalitāte un tās mērīšana. Pētījumā piedalījās 90 respondenti, vecumā no 60 līdz 91 gadiem (M = 78,10; SD = 6,99). Visiem respondentiem ir diagnosticēti III vai IV pakāpes dzirdes traucējumi, un 45 no visiem respondentiem nelieto dzirdes aparātus un 45 lieto dzirdes aparātus vismaz 3 mēnešus. Darbā tika izmantoti divi instrumenti: subjektīvās tīra toņa audiometrijas dati un Pasaules Veselības organizācijas Dzīves kvalitātes novērtēšanas instruments (World Health Organisation Quality of Life; WHOQOL-BREF; PVO, 2000), kas ietver 26 jautājumus par indivīda apmierinātību ar dažādām dzīves sfērām (dzīves kvalitāti kopumā, veselību, darba un finanšu situāciju, personu savstarpējām attiecībām un iekšējo psiholoģisko stāvokli, kā arī garastāvokli, enerģiju) pēdējā mēneša laikā. Datu apstrādei tika izmantota SPSS programmas 19. versija (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Dati tika analizēti, izmantojot aprakstošo statistiku, Stjūdenta t kritēriju, divfaktoru dispersijas analīzi (ANOVA). Darbā izpētīts, ka pastāv dzīves kvalitātes mērījumu atšķirības senioriem ar dzirdi kompensējošām iekārtām un nekompensētu vājdzirdību. Tika noskaidrots, ka seniori ar dzirdi kompensējošām iekārtām uzrādīja augstākus rādītājus Psiholoģiskais stāvoklis domēnā. Pastāv dzīves kvalitātes mērījumu atšķirības atkarībā no vājdzirdības pakāpes un palīgiekārtu lietojuma. Senioriem, kuri lieto dzirdi kompensējošās iekārtas, dzīves kvalitāte kopumā ir augstāka. Senioriem ar nekompensētu vidēji smagu vājdzirdības pakāpi ir augstāka dzīves kvalitāte kopumā nekā senioriem ar nekompensētu smagu vājdzirdības pakāpi. Vēl tika noskaidrots, ka senioriem ar kompensētu vidēji smagu vājdzirdības pakāpi dzīves kvalitāte kopumā ir augstāka nekā senioriem ar nekompensētu vidēji smagu vājdzirdības pakāpi, tāpat arī senioriem ar kompensētu smagu vājdzirdības pakāpi dzīves kvalitāte kopumā ir augstāka nekā senioriem ar nekompensētu smagu vājdzirdības pakāpi.
The aim of the study was to investigate differences in quality of life measurements for seniors with hearing-compensating devices and uncompensated hearing loss. The study describes age-related hearing loss, moderately severe and severe sensorineural hearing loss, hearing aids as hearing compensating devices, quality of life and its measurement. The study involved 90 respondents aged 60 to 91 years (M = 78,10; SD = 6,99). All respondents have been diagnosed with moderately severe and severe sensorineural hearing loss, and 45 of them have not used hearing aids and 45 have used hearing aids for at least 3 months. Two instruments were used in the study: subjective pure tone audiometric data and the World Health Organization Quality of Life assesment tool (World Health Organisation Quality of Life; WHOQOL-BREF; World Health Organization, 2000), which includes 26 questions on individual's satisfaction with various areas of life (quality of life in general, health, work and financial situation, interpersonal relationships and psychological state, as well as mood and energy) in the last month. The questionnaires were distributed to the respondents personally and the respondents filled them individually. Data processing uses SPSS 19.0 version (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's t criterion, analysis of variance. The study found that there are differences in quality of life measurements for seniors with hearing compensating devices and uncompensated hearing loss. It was found that seniors with hearing compensating devices showed higher scores in the Psychological state domain. There are differences in the measurement of quality of life depending on the degree of hearing loss and the use of assistive devices. Seniors who use hearing aids have a higher overall quality of life. Seniors with uncompensated moderate hearing loss have a higher overall quality of life than seniors with uncompensated severe hearing loss. Seniors with compensated moderate hearing loss have a higher overall quality of life than seniors with uncompensated moderate hearing loss. Seniors with compensated severe hearing loss have a higher overall quality of life than seniors with uncompensated severe hearing loss.
The aim of the study was to investigate differences in quality of life measurements for seniors with hearing-compensating devices and uncompensated hearing loss. The study describes age-related hearing loss, moderately severe and severe sensorineural hearing loss, hearing aids as hearing compensating devices, quality of life and its measurement. The study involved 90 respondents aged 60 to 91 years (M = 78,10; SD = 6,99). All respondents have been diagnosed with moderately severe and severe sensorineural hearing loss, and 45 of them have not used hearing aids and 45 have used hearing aids for at least 3 months. Two instruments were used in the study: subjective pure tone audiometric data and the World Health Organization Quality of Life assesment tool (World Health Organisation Quality of Life; WHOQOL-BREF; World Health Organization, 2000), which includes 26 questions on individual's satisfaction with various areas of life (quality of life in general, health, work and financial situation, interpersonal relationships and psychological state, as well as mood and energy) in the last month. The questionnaires were distributed to the respondents personally and the respondents filled them individually. Data processing uses SPSS 19.0 version (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's t criterion, analysis of variance. The study found that there are differences in quality of life measurements for seniors with hearing compensating devices and uncompensated hearing loss. It was found that seniors with hearing compensating devices showed higher scores in the Psychological state domain. There are differences in the measurement of quality of life depending on the degree of hearing loss and the use of assistive devices. Seniors who use hearing aids have a higher overall quality of life. Seniors with uncompensated moderate hearing loss have a higher overall quality of life than seniors with uncompensated severe hearing loss. Seniors with compensated moderate hearing loss have a higher overall quality of life than seniors with uncompensated moderate hearing loss. Seniors with compensated severe hearing loss have a higher overall quality of life than seniors with uncompensated severe hearing loss.
Description
Audiologopēdija
Audiologopaedics
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Audiologopaedics
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
vecuma vājdzirdība, dzīves kvalitāte, dzirdes aparāti, seniori, age-related hearing loss (presbycusis), hearing aid, quality of life, seniors