Dažādu skrīninga rīku salīdzinājums malnutrīcijas riska noteikšanai pacientiem ar aknu cirozi vecumā no 18 līdz 70 gadiem
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Pētījuma mērķis. Novērtēt malnutrīcijas risku aknu cirozes pacientiem, izmantojot dažādus skrīninga rīkus, kā arī analizēt šo skrīninga rīku rezultātu saistību ar Global Leadership Initiative of Malnutrition (GLIM) kritēriju rezultātiem.
Pētījuma aktualitāte. Aknu ciroze ir hroniska slimība, ko raksturo palielināta saslimstība un mirstība 5-10 reizes (Wang,Y. et al., 2024). Pēc Pasaules Veselības organizācijas (PVO) datiem 2021. gadā Latvijā aknu ciroze bija desmitais biežākais nāves cēlonis (WHO, 2024). Malnutrīcija ir viena no aknu cirozes komplikācijām (Traub et al., 2021). Tā pasliktina slimības gaitu, iznākumu, paaugstina mirstības risku. Esošā literatūra norāda, ka dažādu skrīningu pielietošana aknu cirozes pacientiem sniedz atšķirīgus rezultātus (Wu et al., 2020). Ir būtiski pielietot piemērotu malnutrīcijas skrīningu, lai precīzi noteiktu risku, uzsāktu uztura terapiju un novērstu stāvokļa pasliktināšanos. Pieejamie rezultāti liecina, ka savlaicīga uztura terapija samazina uzturēšanās laiku slimnīcā, komplikāciju attīstību u.c. (Meier, 2022).
Pētījuma hipotēze. Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) malnutrīcijas riska skrīninga rīkam ir visciešākā saistība ar GLIM skrīninga kritēriju rezultātiem.
Pētījuma metodes. Pētījums veidots pēc kvantitatīva šķērsgriezuma pētījuma dizaina. Tas tika veikts Rīgas Austrumu klīniskās universitātes slimnīcas Latvijas Infektoloģijas centra nodaļā. Pētījumā tika iekļauti aknu cirozes pacienti vecumā no 18 līdz 70 gadiem. Katram pacientam tika veikts malnutrīcijas riska novērtējums, izmantojot četrus malnutrīcijas riska skrīningus - Nutritional risk screening (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool (LDUST), RFH-NPT. Ņemot vērā pacienta svaru un augumu, tika aprēķināta ķermeņa masas indeksa (ĶMI) vērtība. Dati tika apkopoti un analizēti, izmantojot Microsoft Excel un IBM SPSS Statistics 29 programmas.
Rezultāti un secinājumi. Pētījumā piedalījās 25 aknu cirozes pacienti. Malnutrīcijas diagnoze tika uzstādīta 40% dalībnieku. Izvirzītā hipotēze, ka RFH-NPT malnutrīcijas riska skrīninga rīkam ir visciešākā saistība ar GLIM kritēriju rezultātiem neapstiprinājās (p=0,216). Ciešāko sakarību uzrādīja MUST (p<0,001). Augsts malnutrīcijas risks tika noteikts 52% (RFH-NPT), 32% (MUST), 0 (NRS-2002) dalībnieku. Lai rezultāti būtu vispārināmi, nepieciešami turpmāki pētījumi ar lielāku dalībnieku skaitu.
Rezultātu praktiskā pielietojamība. Rezultāti sniegs datus par malnutrīcijas vai tās riska izplatību pacientiem ar aknu cirozi, kuri ārstējas stacionārā, kā arī pielietoto malnutrīcijas skrīninga rīku rezultātu salīdzinājumu. Tas ļaus novērtēt, kuru no skrīningiem pielietot aknu cirozes pacientiem turpmāk, lai savlaicīgi atklātu malnutrīciju vai tās risku un uzsāktu uztura terapiju, lai novērstu malnutrīcijas izraisītās komplikācijas.
Aim of research. To assess the risk of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis using various screening tools, as well as to analyze the relationship of the results of used screening tools with the results of the Global Leadership Initiative of Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Topicality of research. Liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease characterized by increased morbidity and mortality by 5-10 times (Wang,Y. et al., 2024). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2021, liver cirrhosis was the tenth most common cause of death in Latvia (WHO, 2024). Malnutrition is one of the complications of liver cirrhosis (Traub et al., 2021). It worsens the course of the disease, the outcome, and increases the risk of mortality. Existing data indicates that the use of different screenings in patients with liver cirrhosis provides different results (Wu et al., 2020). It is essential to use appropriate malnutrition screening to accurately determine the risk, initiate nutritional therapy, and prevent deterioration of the condition. Available results show that timely nutritional therapy reduces the length of hospital stay, the development of complications, etc. (Meier, 2022). Hypothesis. The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) malnutrition screening tool has the closest relationship with the GLIM criteria results. Research methods. The study was based on a quantitative cross-sectional study design. It took place at the Department of Latvian Infectious Diseases Center of Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital. The study included patients with liver cirrhosis aged 18 to 70 years. Each patient was assessed for malnutrition risk using four malnutrition risk screenings - Nutritional risk screening (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool (LDUST), RFH-NPT. The body mass index (BMI) value was calculated using patient's weight and height. The data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 29 programs. Results and conclusions. The study included 25 patients with liver cirrhosis. Malnutrition was diagnosed in 40% of the participants. The hypothesis that the RFH-NPT malnutrition risk screening tool has the closest relationship with GLIM criteria results was not confirmed (p=0.216). MUST showed the strongest correlation (p<0.001). Further studies with a larger number of participants are needed to make the results generalizable. Practical use of results. The results will provide data on the prevalence of malnutrition or its risk in patients with liver cirrhosis who are being treated in a hospital, also a comparison of the results of the applied malnutrition screening tools. It will allow to asses which of the screenings should be used in these patients in the future, to timely detect malnutrition or its risk and begin nutritional therapy to prevent further complications.
Aim of research. To assess the risk of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis using various screening tools, as well as to analyze the relationship of the results of used screening tools with the results of the Global Leadership Initiative of Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Topicality of research. Liver cirrhosis is a chronic disease characterized by increased morbidity and mortality by 5-10 times (Wang,Y. et al., 2024). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2021, liver cirrhosis was the tenth most common cause of death in Latvia (WHO, 2024). Malnutrition is one of the complications of liver cirrhosis (Traub et al., 2021). It worsens the course of the disease, the outcome, and increases the risk of mortality. Existing data indicates that the use of different screenings in patients with liver cirrhosis provides different results (Wu et al., 2020). It is essential to use appropriate malnutrition screening to accurately determine the risk, initiate nutritional therapy, and prevent deterioration of the condition. Available results show that timely nutritional therapy reduces the length of hospital stay, the development of complications, etc. (Meier, 2022). Hypothesis. The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) malnutrition screening tool has the closest relationship with the GLIM criteria results. Research methods. The study was based on a quantitative cross-sectional study design. It took place at the Department of Latvian Infectious Diseases Center of Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital. The study included patients with liver cirrhosis aged 18 to 70 years. Each patient was assessed for malnutrition risk using four malnutrition risk screenings - Nutritional risk screening (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), Liver Disease Undernutrition Screening Tool (LDUST), RFH-NPT. The body mass index (BMI) value was calculated using patient's weight and height. The data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics 29 programs. Results and conclusions. The study included 25 patients with liver cirrhosis. Malnutrition was diagnosed in 40% of the participants. The hypothesis that the RFH-NPT malnutrition risk screening tool has the closest relationship with GLIM criteria results was not confirmed (p=0.216). MUST showed the strongest correlation (p<0.001). Further studies with a larger number of participants are needed to make the results generalizable. Practical use of results. The results will provide data on the prevalence of malnutrition or its risk in patients with liver cirrhosis who are being treated in a hospital, also a comparison of the results of the applied malnutrition screening tools. It will allow to asses which of the screenings should be used in these patients in the future, to timely detect malnutrition or its risk and begin nutritional therapy to prevent further complications.
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Uzturs
Nutrition
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Nutrition
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care