Dzirdes funkcijas novērtējums būvniecības nozares darbiniekiem
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Trokšņa izraisīta vājdzirdība ir otrs biežākais sensoneirālas vājdzirdības veids pēc ar vecumu saistītas vājdzirdības, un arodvājdzirdība ir viena no izplatītākajām arodslimībām, kuras sekas ir neatgriezeniskas. Arodvājdzirdība rodas ilgstoši atrodoties vidē, kur skaņas stiprums virs 85 decibeliem ir vismaz sešas līdz astoņas stundas dienā. Simptomātika arodvājdzirdības gadījumā attīstās pakāpeniski, tāpēc ne vienmēr dzirdes traucējumus izdodas atklāt agrīni. Profilaktisko pasākumu adekvāta ievērošana ir svarīgākais, lai novērstu arodvājdzirdības attīstīšanos.
Pētījuma mērķis bija noteikt kā troksnis darba vidē ietekmē dzirdes slieksni personām, kas strādā būvniecības nozarē.
Pētījumā tika iekļauti 22 viena būvniecības uzņēmuma darbinieki vecumā no 20-64 gadiem, kas būvniecības nozarē strādā vismaz vienu gadu. Pētījuma dalībnieki tika iedalīti divās grupās pēc darba stāža, vienā grupā bija deviņi dalībnieki, kuru darba stāžs ir divi līdz pieci gadi, un otrā grupā 13 dalībnieki, kuru darba stāžs ir ilgāks par pieciem gadiem.
Darba vietas trokšņa ekspozīcijas noteikšanai tika veikti septiņi mērījumi vismaz piecu minūšu garumā, fiksējot raksturīgākos ikdienā veicamos darba pienākumus, un, nosakot ekvivalento nepārtraukto laikā A-izsvaroto vidējo trokšņa spiediena vērtību (LAeq (dB(A)). Pētījuma dalībnieku atbilstībai pētījumā un viņu subjektīvā viedokļa noskaidrošanai tika izmantota aptaujas anketa ar 10 daudzizvēļu jautājumiem. Dzirdes sliekšņa noteikšanai tika veikta tonālā audiometrija ar Inventis Bell Basic/Plus diagnostisko audiometru.
Darba vietā vidējais trokšņa ekspozīcijas līmenis darba dienā astoņu stundu periodā ir 93 dB, veicot tipiskākos darba pienākumus. Būvniecības darbinieku vidū, kuru darba stāžs ir no diviem līdz pieciem gadiem, vienam darbiniekam bija novērojama dzirdes sliekšņa paaugstināšanās virs 30 dB. Darbiniekiem, kuru darba stāžs ir ilgāks par pieciem gadiem, unilaterāla dzirdes sliekšņa paaugstināšanās bija novērojama diviem darbiniekiem, bet bilaterāla – sešiem pētījuma dalībniekiem.
Starp pētījuma grupām un dzirdes sliekšņa paaugstināšanos ir novērojamas statistiski būtiskas atšķirības (p=0,019). Darbiniekiem, kuru darba stāžs ir ilgāks par pieciem gadiem ir novērojama dzirdes funkcijas pasliktināšanās, bet statistiskā ticamība ir ierobežota, jo dalībnieku vecumam un darba stāžam ir cieša korelācija.
Noise-induced hearing loss is second most common type of hearing loss after age-related hearing loss or also known as presbycusis and occupational noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most prevalent occupational diseases in the world the consequences of which are irreversible. Occupational noise-induced hearing loss occurs when a person is exposed to sound levels above 85 decibels for at least six to eight hours daily for a long time. Symptoms of noise-induced hearing loss develop gradually and that’s the reason why a hearing impairment is not always detected early. Adequate adherence to all the possible preventative measures is the most important step to prevent the development of occupational noise-induced hearing loss. The aim of this study was to determine how noise at workplace affects the hearing threshold for construction workers. In this study 22 construction workers that work at the same company were included, aged from 22-64 years old and have been working in construction for at least a year. They were placed in two groups based on how long they have been working in construction, in one group there were nine people who have worked in construction for two to four years and in the other group there were 13 people who have worked more than five years in construction. Seven measurements, each taken for at least five minutes, recording the most typical work duties that are done almost daily, were taken to determine the equivalent continuous sound level (LAeq (dB(A)) and later to calculate daily workplace noise exposure. A questionnaire with ten multiple-choice questions was used to determine whether to include the workers in the study and to find out their subjective opinions. To determine the hearing threshold, a pure tone audiometry was performed using an Inventis Bell Basic/Plus diagnostic audiometer. At the workplace, the daily noise exposure level during the eight-hour workday is 93 dB, whilst preforming the most typical work duties. Among the workers who have worked at construction industry from two to five years, one employee had a hearing threshold rise above 30 dB. In the study group where the employees have more than five-year experience in construction industry unilateral hearing impairment was observed for two employees and bilateral hearing impairment for six employees. Statistically significant differences are observed between the two study groups and elevation of the hearing threshold (p=0,019). Employees with more than five years of work experience in construction industry more experience a decline in hearing function, but statistical credibility is limited due to a close correlation between the age and work experience of study participants.
Noise-induced hearing loss is second most common type of hearing loss after age-related hearing loss or also known as presbycusis and occupational noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most prevalent occupational diseases in the world the consequences of which are irreversible. Occupational noise-induced hearing loss occurs when a person is exposed to sound levels above 85 decibels for at least six to eight hours daily for a long time. Symptoms of noise-induced hearing loss develop gradually and that’s the reason why a hearing impairment is not always detected early. Adequate adherence to all the possible preventative measures is the most important step to prevent the development of occupational noise-induced hearing loss. The aim of this study was to determine how noise at workplace affects the hearing threshold for construction workers. In this study 22 construction workers that work at the same company were included, aged from 22-64 years old and have been working in construction for at least a year. They were placed in two groups based on how long they have been working in construction, in one group there were nine people who have worked in construction for two to four years and in the other group there were 13 people who have worked more than five years in construction. Seven measurements, each taken for at least five minutes, recording the most typical work duties that are done almost daily, were taken to determine the equivalent continuous sound level (LAeq (dB(A)) and later to calculate daily workplace noise exposure. A questionnaire with ten multiple-choice questions was used to determine whether to include the workers in the study and to find out their subjective opinions. To determine the hearing threshold, a pure tone audiometry was performed using an Inventis Bell Basic/Plus diagnostic audiometer. At the workplace, the daily noise exposure level during the eight-hour workday is 93 dB, whilst preforming the most typical work duties. Among the workers who have worked at construction industry from two to five years, one employee had a hearing threshold rise above 30 dB. In the study group where the employees have more than five-year experience in construction industry unilateral hearing impairment was observed for two employees and bilateral hearing impairment for six employees. Statistically significant differences are observed between the two study groups and elevation of the hearing threshold (p=0,019). Employees with more than five years of work experience in construction industry more experience a decline in hearing function, but statistical credibility is limited due to a close correlation between the age and work experience of study participants.
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Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care