Cilvēka kaulu virtuālas bibliotēkas izveidošana ar anatomiski korektiem un optimizētiem 3D drukāšanai modeļiem.
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Latvijas Republikas Vides aizsardzības un reģionālās attīstības ministrija apgalvo, ka izglītības sektoram ir jāspēj mainīties un virzīt digitālās pārmaiņas, lai nodrošinātu mūsdienīgu, individualizētu un atvērtāku mācību procesu, ieviešot un attīstot modernus digitālus risinājumus un mācību līdzekļus.
Savukārt, Latvijas Republikas Izglītības un zinātnes ministrija atzīmē, ka digitālās transformācijas sekmīgai īstenošanai jānodrošina piekļuve dažādiem digitāliem rīkiem gan nacionālā, gan starptautiskā mērogā.
Veidojot 3D modeli, t.i., ir jebkura objekta attēlojumu digitālajā telpā, cilvēka kaulu 3D anatomiskiem modeļiem jau šobrīd ir atrasti vairāki pielietojumi medicīnā gan P. Stradiņa Klīniskās universitātes slimnīcā un Stomatoloģijas institūtā, gan “Baltic3D” un Rīgas Tehniskās universitātes “Dizaina fabrika”, proti, protēžu izgatavošanā, audu inženierijā, operāciju plānošanā, slimību diagnostikā, procedūru simulācijai un izglītībā.
Pasaulē un Latvijā, palielinoties 3D datu apjomam, arvien biežāk rodas nepieciešamība 3D modeļus glabāt noteiktā vidē jeb virtuālā bibliotēkā.
Vairākas brīvi pieejamas datubāzes ar 3D modeļiem, piemēram: “Thingiverse”, “Instructables” vai “Cults” neatspoguļo anatomiski korektas struktūras, un tās pirms drukāšanas jāmodificē.
Cilvēka kaulu sistēma un tās struktūras satur lielu informācijas daudzumu ar iespēju kvalitatīvi sagatavot noteiktu modeli drukāšanai un izmantot to kā efektīvu līdzekli anatomijas mācīšanā un apgūšanā medicīnas studiju programmās, tomēr modeļa forma un noformējums var ietekmēt zināšanu, prasmju līmeni un apgūtā materiāla efektivitāti.
Darba mērķi:
1. Izstrādāt detalizētu metodiku 3D modeļa izveidošanai no radioloģiskiem datiem, kas tiek glabāti DICOM formātā, pielietojot tikai bezmaksas un plaši pieejamus resursus.
2. Izveidot cilvēka kaulu virtuālo bibliotēku ar anatomiski korektiem un optimizētiem drukāšanai 3D modeļiem.
Darba uzdevumi:
1. Izstrādāt detalizētu metodiku 3D modeļa izveidošanai.
2. Segmentēt 3D modeļus no datortomogrāfijas datiem, novērtēt 3D modeļu atbilstību normālai cilvēka anatomijai, izmantojot literatūras avotus, vienlaicīgi modeļus rediģējot un optimizējot.
3. Izveidot cilvēka kaulu virtuālo bibliotēku.
4. Iegūto 3D kaulu modeļu anatomisko struktūru validācija ar 3D drukāšanas palīdzību.
Materiāli un metodes: Darbā tika izmantoti bezmaksas un plaši pieejamas programmas no interneta resursiem, savukārt, radioloģiskie dati jeb vesela ķermeņa datortomogrāfiskais izmeklējums, tika iegūts no atvērtās datubāzes – “New Mexico Decedent Image Database” (nmdid.unm.edu). Darbs ir izstrādāts Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes Anatomijas un antropoloģijas institūtā.
Darba aktualitāte: Bibliotēkas resursus, kad tie tiks pabeigti, var izmantot lielam skaitam dažādu jomu – simulācijas procesiem, antropoloģijai, 3D drukāšanai, biodrukāšanai, studiju procesam. Izstrādāto metodiku var izmantot jaunu modeļu un bibliotēku radīšanai.
The Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development of the Republic of Latvia states that the education sector should be modernized to ensure a contemporary, individualized, and more open learning process, by introducing and developing advance digital solutions and learning tools. The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia notes that the successful implementation of digital solutions should be supported by the creation of various digital platforms and tools, both nationally and internationally. Visualization, as well as printing of various anatomical 3D objects, has already found its implementation in different medical spheres in Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Institute of Stomatology, “Baltic3D” and Riga Technical University “Dizaina fabrika”, where models are being used for prosthetic manufacturing, tissue engineering, surgery planning, in disease diagnosis, simulation of procedures and education. In the world and Latvia, as the volume of 3D data increases, there is a growing demand for storing 3D models in a specific environment where they can be easily accessed. The biggest and of freely available databases with 3D models, such as “Thingiverse”, “Instructables” or “Cults”, do not contain anatomically correct structures and models should be modified and optimizes before 3D printing. The human bone system and its structures contain a large amount of information with the ability to qualitatively prepare a specific structure for 3D printing and use it as an effective tool for teaching and learning anatomy in medical study programs, but the shape and design of the model can affect drastically the quality of obtained knowledge. Aims of the study: 1. Develop a detailed methodology of 3D model creation from radiological data stored in DICOM file format using only free and widely available software. 2. Create a virtual library of human bones with anatomically correct and optimized printing for 3D models. Objectives: 1. Develop a detailed methodology for creating a 3D model. 2. Segment 3D models from CT data, assess the relevance of 3D models to normal human anatomy using literature sources while editing and optimizing models. 3. Create a virtual library of human bones. 4. Validation of acquired 3D anatomical structures of human bones models with the help of 3D printing technology. Materials and methods: In this study, only free and cross-platform software from widely available internet sources have been used. In its turn, the necessary full-body computed tomography scan has been obtained from the open databases – “New Mexico Decedent Image Database” (nmdid.unm.edu). Relevance of the study: The resources of this library, when finished, can be used for a big number of different areas – simulation processes, anthropology, 3D printing, bioprinting, education process. The developed methodology can be used to create new models and libraries from scratch.
The Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development of the Republic of Latvia states that the education sector should be modernized to ensure a contemporary, individualized, and more open learning process, by introducing and developing advance digital solutions and learning tools. The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia notes that the successful implementation of digital solutions should be supported by the creation of various digital platforms and tools, both nationally and internationally. Visualization, as well as printing of various anatomical 3D objects, has already found its implementation in different medical spheres in Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Institute of Stomatology, “Baltic3D” and Riga Technical University “Dizaina fabrika”, where models are being used for prosthetic manufacturing, tissue engineering, surgery planning, in disease diagnosis, simulation of procedures and education. In the world and Latvia, as the volume of 3D data increases, there is a growing demand for storing 3D models in a specific environment where they can be easily accessed. The biggest and of freely available databases with 3D models, such as “Thingiverse”, “Instructables” or “Cults”, do not contain anatomically correct structures and models should be modified and optimizes before 3D printing. The human bone system and its structures contain a large amount of information with the ability to qualitatively prepare a specific structure for 3D printing and use it as an effective tool for teaching and learning anatomy in medical study programs, but the shape and design of the model can affect drastically the quality of obtained knowledge. Aims of the study: 1. Develop a detailed methodology of 3D model creation from radiological data stored in DICOM file format using only free and widely available software. 2. Create a virtual library of human bones with anatomically correct and optimized printing for 3D models. Objectives: 1. Develop a detailed methodology for creating a 3D model. 2. Segment 3D models from CT data, assess the relevance of 3D models to normal human anatomy using literature sources while editing and optimizing models. 3. Create a virtual library of human bones. 4. Validation of acquired 3D anatomical structures of human bones models with the help of 3D printing technology. Materials and methods: In this study, only free and cross-platform software from widely available internet sources have been used. In its turn, the necessary full-body computed tomography scan has been obtained from the open databases – “New Mexico Decedent Image Database” (nmdid.unm.edu). Relevance of the study: The resources of this library, when finished, can be used for a big number of different areas – simulation processes, anthropology, 3D printing, bioprinting, education process. The developed methodology can be used to create new models and libraries from scratch.
Description
Biomedicīna
Biomedicine
Dzīvās dabas zinātnes
Natural Sciences
Biomedicine
Dzīvās dabas zinātnes
Natural Sciences
Keywords
3D drukāšana, segmentācija, bibliotēka, virtuāla, kauli, 3D, Meshmixer, Slicer, Meshlab., 3D printing, segmentation, library, digital, bones, 3D, Meshmixer, Slicer, Meshlab.