Periimplanta mīksto audu rekonstrukcija
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
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Periimplanta mīkstie audi norobežo implantātu un to aptverošo kaulu no mikroorganismu piekļūšanas. Dažādu iemeslu dēļ terapijas rezultātā periimplanta mīkstie audi var neizveidoties pietiekama apjoma vai kvalitātes. Tomēr tas ir svarīgi šādus defektus novērst, lai palielinātu implantāta kalpošanas ilgumu.
Zinātniskās literatūras datu bāzēs, kā PubMed, Wiley Online Library un ScienceDirect, tika atlasīta literatūra angļu valodā ar mērķi izpētīt mīksto audu nozīmi implantāta ilgdzīvē, abatmentu ietekmi uz mīkstajiem audiem, biežākos mīksto audu defektus un to ķirurģiskās rekonstrukcijas iespējas.
Analizējot atrasto literatūru, varēja secināt, ka biežākās mīksto audu neveiksmes ir samazināts fiksētās keratinizētās gļotādas platums, samazināts gļotādas biezums horizontāli un vertikāli, kā arī bukāla mīksto audu dehiscence. Veseli un kvalitatītvi periimplanta mīkstie audi mazina iekaisuma risku ap implantātu un uzlabo estētiku. Ar abatmenta kontūras izmaiņām iespējams kontrolēt brīvās smaganu malas novietojumu. Visbiežāk izmantotā periimplanta mīksto audu ķirurģiskās rekonstrukcijas metode ir apikāli pārvietots lēveris kombinācijā ar subepiteliālo saistaudu transplantātu.
Peri-implant soft tissue isolates the implant and its surrounding bone from microorganism access. As a result of therapy peri-implant soft tissue may not be formed in sufficient volume or quality for various reasons. However, it is important to eliminate such defects to increase the implant longevity. Literature in English was selected in scientific literature databases such as PubMed, Wiley Online Library and ScienceDirect with the aim of studying the importance of soft tissue in the longevity of the implant, the effect of abutments on soft tissue, the most common soft tissue defects and the possibilities of their surgical reconstruction. Analysing the found literature, it could be concluded that most frequent soft tissue failures are reduced width of the fixed keratinized mucosa, reduced thickness of the mucosa horizontally and vertically, as well as buccal soft tissue dehiscence. Healthy and high quality peri-implant soft tissue reduces the risk of inflammation around the implant and improves aesthetics. By changing the contour of the abutment, it is possible to control the position of the free gingival margin. The most used method of peri-implant soft tissue surgical reconstruction is apically positioned flap in combination with a subepithelial connective tissue graft.
Peri-implant soft tissue isolates the implant and its surrounding bone from microorganism access. As a result of therapy peri-implant soft tissue may not be formed in sufficient volume or quality for various reasons. However, it is important to eliminate such defects to increase the implant longevity. Literature in English was selected in scientific literature databases such as PubMed, Wiley Online Library and ScienceDirect with the aim of studying the importance of soft tissue in the longevity of the implant, the effect of abutments on soft tissue, the most common soft tissue defects and the possibilities of their surgical reconstruction. Analysing the found literature, it could be concluded that most frequent soft tissue failures are reduced width of the fixed keratinized mucosa, reduced thickness of the mucosa horizontally and vertically, as well as buccal soft tissue dehiscence. Healthy and high quality peri-implant soft tissue reduces the risk of inflammation around the implant and improves aesthetics. By changing the contour of the abutment, it is possible to control the position of the free gingival margin. The most used method of peri-implant soft tissue surgical reconstruction is apically positioned flap in combination with a subepithelial connective tissue graft.
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Zobārstniecība
Dentistry
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Dentistry
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care