Pēdas locītavas funkcionālā stabilitāte orientieristiem
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Aktualitāte: Sportisti, kas salīdzinoši biežāk veic skriešanas treniņus, dažāda veida lēcienus, straujas kustības virzienu maiņas un pēkšņu apstāšanos, ir pakļauti lielākam pēdas locītavas traumu gūšanas riskam. Liela fiziskā slodze, kas saistīta ar skriešanu pa nelīdzenu virsmu, veicina apakšējo ekstremitāšu, īpaši pēdas locītavas, traumu gūšanas risku orientēšanās sportistiem. Orientēšanās sports ir izturības sporta veids, kurā nepieciešama laba fiziskā un mentālā sagatavotība, veiklība un spēja saglabāt līdzsvaru, pārvarot šķēršļus. Orientieristi regulāri gūst apakšējo ekstremitāšu, tai skaitā pēdas locītavas, traumas, kā rezultātā var attīstīties hroniska pēdas locītavas nestabilitāte.
Mērķis: Izpētīt pēdas locītavas funkcionālo stabilitāti orientieristiem un tās saistību fizisko aktivitāšu (treniņu, sacensību) paradumiem.
Metodes: Pētījumā tika iekļauti 139 Latvijas orientēšanās sporta dalībnieki (79 sievietes, 60 vīrieši), kas nodarbojas ar orientēšanās sportu vismaz vienu gadu un ir sasnieguši vismaz 18 gadu vecumu. Katrs pētījuma dalībnieks aizpildīja anketu, kurā iekļauti jautājumi par antropometriskajiem datiem, fizisko aktivitāšu (treniņu un sacensību) paradumiem, kā arī papildus iekļauts Kumberlanda pēdas locītavas nestabilitātes rīks (no angļu val. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT)) pēdas locītavas funkcionālās stabilitātes noteikšanai.
Rezultāti: Latvijas orientēšanās sporta dalībnieku vidū bilaterāla funkcionāla pēdas locītavas nestabilitāte sastopama 55% personu, bet unilaterāla 12%. Sieviešu vidū pēdas locītavas funkcionālās stabilitātes traucējumi sastopami 64,56% gadījumos labajā apakšējā ekstremitātē, taču kreisajā 65,82%. Attiecīgi vīriešiem 55% gan labajā, gan kreisajā. Starp CAIT rezultātiem un laiku, ko pavada, skrienot pa nelīdzena tipa virsmu, vērojama statistiski ticama (p<0,001), negatīva, vidēji cieša korelācija. Starp CAIT rezultātiem un laiku, ko velta muskuļu spēka, kā arī līdzsvara un koordinācijas vingrinājumiem, vērojama statistiski ticama (p<0,001), pozitīva, vidēji cieša korelācija. Savukārt, starp CAIT rezultātiem un dalībnieku sniegtajām atbildēm par muskuļu stiepšanas vingrinājumu iekļaušanu ikdienā, vērojama statistiski ticama (p<0,05), negatīva, vāja korelācija.
Secinājumi: Latvijas orientēšanās sporta dalībnieku vidū 66,9% sportistu ir sastopami pēdas locītavas funkcionālās stabilitātes traucējumi. Biežāk tie sastopami sieviešu vidū. Lielākoties tie vērojami abās apakšējās ekstremitātēs vienlaicīgi (bilaterāli). Ķermeņa masas indeksam nav būtiskas ietekmes uz pēdas locītavas funkcionālās stabilitātes rādītājiem Latvijas orientēšanās sporta dalībniekiem. Skriešanas treniņi pa nelīdzenu virsmu negatīvi ietekmē pēdas locītavas funkcionālās stabilitātes rādītājus Latvijas orientēšanās sporta dalībniekiem. Muskuļu spēka vingrinājumu, kā arī līdzsvara un koordinācijas vingrinājumu iekļaušana ikdienā pozitīvi ietekmē pēdas locītavas funkcionālās stabilitātes rādītājus Latvijas orientieristiem.
Background: Athletes who are involved in frequent running, various types of jumps, rapid changes of direction and sudden stops are at increased risk of ankle joint injury. Vigorous physical activity associated with running on uneven surfaces increases the risk of lower extremity injuries, especially the ankle joint. Orienteering is an endurance sport that requires good physical and mental fitness, dexterity and the ability to maintain balance while overcoming obstacles. Orienteers regularly suffer from lower extremity including ankle joint injuries, which can lead to chronic ankle instability. Objective. To explore functional ankle stability for orienteers and its relationship to physical activity (training, competition) habits. Methods: The study included 139 Latvian orienteers (60 men, 79 women) who had been orienteering for at least one year and were at least 18 years old. Each participant completed a questionnaire that included questions about anthropometric data, physical activity (training and competition) habits, and questions from The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) to determine functional ankle stability. Results: Among Latvian orienteers, bilateral functional ankle instability occurs in 55% persons but unilateral in 12%. Among women, functional ankle instability is observed in 64,56% of cases in the right lower extremity, but in the left 65,82%. However, among men, it is observed in 55% in both right and left lower extremities. There is no statistically significant correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the body mass index, the time spent exercising a week, and the time spent running on a flat surface. There is a statistically significant (p <0.001), negative, moderate correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the time spent running on an uneven surface. There is a statistically significant (p <0.001), positive, moderate correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the time spent on muscle strength exercises as well as balance and coordination exercises. However, there is a statistically significant (p <0.05), negative, weak correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the time spent doing muscle stretching exercises a week. Conclusions: Among Latvian orienteers, 66,9% have functional ankle instability. It is more common among women. Functional ankle instability is mostly observed in both lower extremities simultaneously (bilaterally). Body mass index does not have a significant effect on functional ankle stability for Latvian orienteers. Running on an uneven surface negatively affects functional ankle stability. The inclusion of muscle strength exercises, as well as balance and coordination exercises on a daily basis has a positive effect on functional ankle stability for Latvian orienteers.
Background: Athletes who are involved in frequent running, various types of jumps, rapid changes of direction and sudden stops are at increased risk of ankle joint injury. Vigorous physical activity associated with running on uneven surfaces increases the risk of lower extremity injuries, especially the ankle joint. Orienteering is an endurance sport that requires good physical and mental fitness, dexterity and the ability to maintain balance while overcoming obstacles. Orienteers regularly suffer from lower extremity including ankle joint injuries, which can lead to chronic ankle instability. Objective. To explore functional ankle stability for orienteers and its relationship to physical activity (training, competition) habits. Methods: The study included 139 Latvian orienteers (60 men, 79 women) who had been orienteering for at least one year and were at least 18 years old. Each participant completed a questionnaire that included questions about anthropometric data, physical activity (training and competition) habits, and questions from The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) to determine functional ankle stability. Results: Among Latvian orienteers, bilateral functional ankle instability occurs in 55% persons but unilateral in 12%. Among women, functional ankle instability is observed in 64,56% of cases in the right lower extremity, but in the left 65,82%. However, among men, it is observed in 55% in both right and left lower extremities. There is no statistically significant correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the body mass index, the time spent exercising a week, and the time spent running on a flat surface. There is a statistically significant (p <0.001), negative, moderate correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the time spent running on an uneven surface. There is a statistically significant (p <0.001), positive, moderate correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the time spent on muscle strength exercises as well as balance and coordination exercises. However, there is a statistically significant (p <0.05), negative, weak correlation between the results of the CAIT tool and the time spent doing muscle stretching exercises a week. Conclusions: Among Latvian orienteers, 66,9% have functional ankle instability. It is more common among women. Functional ankle instability is mostly observed in both lower extremities simultaneously (bilaterally). Body mass index does not have a significant effect on functional ankle stability for Latvian orienteers. Running on an uneven surface negatively affects functional ankle stability. The inclusion of muscle strength exercises, as well as balance and coordination exercises on a daily basis has a positive effect on functional ankle stability for Latvian orienteers.
Description
Fizioterapija
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Orientēšanās sports, orientieristi, pēdas locītavas funkcionālā nestabilitāte, pēdas locītavas hroniska nestabilitāte., Orienteering sport, orienteers, functional ankle instability, chronic ankle instability.