Browsing by Author "Rachwani-Anil, Rahul"

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    Chord Mu (µ) and Chord Alpha (α) Length Changes in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy before and after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) Surgery
    (2021-11-01) Rocha-De-lossada, Carlos; Sánchez-González, José María; Borroni, Davide; Llorens-Bellés, Víctor; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; Torras-Sanvicens, Josep; Romano, Vito; Peraza-Nieves, Jorge; Department of Doctoral Studies
    This paper will evaluate chord mu and alpha length in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and its changes following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). Patients with FECD that underwent DMEK surgery were included in this retrospective study. Scheimpflug Tomography was carried out in order to calculate chord mu and chord alpha lengths prior to surgery and at 3 and 12 months postoperative. This study included 27 eyes from 27 patients. Significant changes in chord mu were observed within the first three months (from 0.47 ± 0.32 to 0.29 ± 0.21 mm, p < 0.01) and remained stable 12 months postoperative (0.30 ± 0.21 mm, p > 0.05). However, chord alpha remained stable throughout the 12 months post surgery (from 0.53 ± 0.19 to 0.49 ± 0.14 mm, p > 0.05). In addition to the pupillary center distance from the corneal apex (from 0.35 ± 0.25 to 0.34 ± 0.20 mm, p > 0.05) also remain stable. In FECD patients undergoing DMEK surgery, chord mu length decreased, and chord alpha length remained stable after 12 months of follow-up.
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    Less is more : new one-step intracameral chemotherapy technique
    (2021) Borroni, Davide; Bonzano, Chiara; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; Rocha-de Lossada, Carlos; Martín, Francisco Zamorano; Garcia-Lorente, Maria; Bonzano, Elisabetta; Khaqan, Hussain Ahmad; Department of Doctoral Studies
    Purpose: To describe the feasibility of a new one-step approach to aspirate the aqueous and apply melphalan in a single-go without repeated entries into the anterior chamber. Methods: This retrospective non-comparative study was conducted at a referral center and included 12 patients. The one-step approach is described in a step-wise manner. No complications were observed among the patients. Results: One single injection of intracameral melphalan proved to be a successful treatment in nine cases. Two patients required a second injection, which was administered two weeks after the first one following the same technique. Conclusions: This proved to be a reasonable technique for the smooth application of melphalan in the anterior chamber studded with retinoblastoma seeds. Our outcomes revealed that it is an effective, quick, and cost-effective technique. Longer-term data collection is underway, though initial findings are encouraging.
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    Metagenome techniques to reduce diagnostic delay in Acanthamoeba keratitis
    (2021) Borroni, Davide; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; González, José María Sánchez; Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora, Marina; Rocha de Lossada, Carlos; Department of Doctoral Studies
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    Ocular Surface Microbiota in Naïve Keratoconus : A Multicenter Validation Study
    (2023-10) Rocha-de-Lossada, Carlos; Mazzotta, Cosimo; Gabrielli, Federico; Papa, Filomena Tiziana; Gómez-Huertas, Carmen; García-López, Celia; Urbinati, Facundo; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; García-Lorente, María; Sánchez-González, José María; Rechichi, Miguel; Rubegni, Giovanni; Borroni, Davide
    In the field of Ophthalmology, the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method of studying the microbiota and ocular microbiome is gaining more and more weight in the scientific community. This study aims to characterize the ocular microbiota of patients diagnosed with keratoconus who have not undergone any prior surgical treatment using the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method. Samples of naïve keratoconus patients were collected with an eNAT with 1 mL of Liquid Amies Medium (Copan Brescia, Italy), and DNA was extracted and analyzed with 16S NGS. The microbiota analysis showed a relative abundance of microorganisms at the phylum level in each sample collected from 38 patients with KC and 167 healthy controls. A comparison between healthy control and keratoconus samples identified two genera unique to keratoconus, Pelomonas and Ralstonia. Our findings suggest that alterations in the microbiota may play a role in the complex scenario of KC development.
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    Opioids and Ocular Surface Pathology : A Literature Review of New Treatments Horizons
    (2022-03-01) García-López, Celia; Gómez-Huertas, Carmen; Sánchez-González, José María; Borroni, Davide; Rodríguez-Calvo-de-mora, Marina; Romano, Vito; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; Ramos-López, Juan Francisco; Ortiz-Pérez, Santiago; Rocha-De-lossada, Carlos; Department of Doctoral Studies
    This review discusses the role of opioids in the corneal surface and the different pathways and therapeutic methods of management. A literature review was performed using PubMed database. For the database search, the main searching words “opioid” and “topical opioid treatment” were used with the descriptors “cornea”, “ocular surface”, “neuropathic corneal pain”, “corneal sensitivity” and “naltrexone”; original scientific articles and reviews were included to achieve the purpose of the review. The endogenous opioid system has relevant functions in the organism, and in daily use, opioids are used as painkillers. However, these drugs may be employed for other indications as opioid pathways have a wide spectrum. The corneal surface for topical treatment is easily accessible, hence sparing the side effects of systemic opioids. Instillation of opioid antagonist substances, such as naltrexone, increases corneal healing rates and stimulates the division of corneal epithelium cells without deleterious effects. The natural modulation of endogenous opioids controls different forms of pain, including inflammatory and neuropathic pain, both in the ocular surface and in the central nervous system. There are diverse methods in controlling pain using opioids, especially in refractory forms. This review attempts to collect the literature about corneal surface and opioid pathways to provide an overview image and a possible direction of the news treatments.
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    Prophylactic Corneal Cross-Linking in Myopic Femtosecond Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis : Long-Term Visual and Refractive Outcomes
    (2021-03) Alonso-Aliste, Federico; Amián-Cordero, Jonatan; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; De-Hita-Cantalejo, Concepción; Borroni, Davide; Rocha-de-Lossada, Carlos; Sánchez-González, José María; Department of Doctoral Studies
    The purpose of our study was to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, predictability, and stability of myopic and astigmatic laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with simultaneous prophylactic corneal cross-linking (CXL) in thin corneas. In total, 100 eyes from 50 patients who were subjected to myopic and astigmatism femtosecond LASIK with simultaneous prophylactic CXL were included. The design of the study was retrospective, longitudinal, and observational. All patients had a 48-month follow-up. The MEL 80 excimer laser was utilized with the Aberration Smart Ablation platform. CXL treatment was applied when the predicted stromal thickness was less than 330 µm. Patients’ mean age was 30.22 ± 5.97 years. Previous mean spherical equivalent was −5.50 ± 1.65 (−9.50 to −1.13) diopters (D). Postoperative mean spherical equivalent was −0.24 ± 0.29 (−0.85 to +0.50) D. Visual acuity (VA) of 20/20 or better was observed in 87% of the eyes and no eyes experienced VA loss. Spherical equivalent within ±0.50 D was observed in 93% of eyes, and 4% of eyes varied by 0.50 D or more between 3 and 48 months. Prophylactic corneal cross-linking with simultaneous femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis in thin corneas proved to be effective, safe, and predictable. The results remained stable after 48 months of follow-up.
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    Pseudopterygium : An Algorithm Approach Based on the Current Evidence
    (2022-08) Urbinati, Facundo; Borroni, Davide; Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora, Marina; Sánchez-González, José María; García-Lorente, María; Zamorano-Martín, Francisco; Rachwani-Anil, Rahul; Ortiz-Pérez, Santiago; Romano, Vito; Rocha-de-Lossada, Carlos; Department of Doctoral Studies
    Pseudopterygium is a non-progressive conjunctival adhesion to the peripheral cornea secondary to a corneal-limbus damage. According to the literature, the main etiology is a previous eye trauma. Nevertheless, this could be biased by the existence of other underdiagnosed causes of pseudopterygium, some of which may have severe consequences for the integrity of the eye and patient’s life. This comprehensive literature review was performed based on a search on the PubMed and Google Scholar databases of relevant pseudopterygium published papers according to our current knowledge and seeks to gather the existing evidence about its diverse etiologies and clinical features, as well as to propose a diagnostic algorithm to simplify its correct approach.