Browsing by Author "Grabovska, Dagnija"

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    Benign Notochordal Cell Tumours : Case Report and Literature Review
    (2024-07) Grabovska, Dagnija; Štrumfa, Ilze; Ositis, Janis; Liepniece-Karele, Inta; Balodis, Arturs; Department of Pathology; Department of Radiology
    Background: Benign notochordal cell tumours (BNCTs) represent a rare entity within the spectrum of bone neoplasms, which typically arise in the axial skeleton. Although these tumours are often benign, their diagnosis and management pose significant challenges due to their histological similarity to more aggressive lesions, such as chordomas. Understanding of the clinical behaviour, diagnostic nuances, and optimal management strategies for BNCTs continues to evolve. Case Report: Benign notochordal cell tumours of the vertebra are usually asymptomatic and identified on imaging and should be distinguished from chordomas, which has a more aggressive clinical course. This report describes a 15-year-old girl with lumbosacral pain and a diagnosis of a benign notochordal cell tumour, which affects a large part of the S1 vertebra in the lumbar spine, highlighting the diagnostic challenges encountered, the role of radiological and histological investigations, and the ultimate determination of the benign nature of the tumour. Conclusions: This report highlights the approach taken for the diagnosis of a benign notochordal cell tumour of the vertebra and the importance of excluding differential diagnoses. By exploring the intricacies of this case, we contribute to the growing body of literature surrounding BNCTs, with the aim of improving clinical awareness and management strategies for this uncommon bone tumour.
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    Functional Disability and Brain MRI Volumetry Results among Multiple Sclerosis Patients during 5-Year Follow-Up
    (2023-06-04) Strautmane, Sintija; Balodis, Arturs; Teivāne, Agnete; Grabovska, Dagnija; Naudiņš, Edgars; Urbanovics, Daniels; Fišermans, Edgars; Mednieks, Jānis; Flintere-Flinta, Alīna; Priede, Zanda; Millers, Andrejs; Zolovs, Maksims; Department of Radiology; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery; Statistics Unit
    Background and Objectives: We aimed to determine the link between brain volumetry results and functional disability calculated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in relation to the provided treatment (disease-modifying therapies (DMTs)) during a 5-year follow-up period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed enrolling 66 consecutive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MS, predominantly females (62% (n = 41)). Relapsing–remitting (RR) MS was noted in 92% (n = 61) of patients, with the rest being patients with secondary progressive (SP) MS. The mean age was 43.3 years (SD 8.3 years).
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    Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma (IVLBCL) Presenting with CNS Involvement in Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
    (2023-06-08) Grabovska, Dagnija; Balodis, Arturs; Kreitale, Edite; Pūcīte, Elīna; Department of Radiology
    Background: Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare, often fatal disease characterized by intraluminal proliferation of lymphoid cells within blood vessels. Intravascular Large B-Cell Lymphoma (IVLBCL) is frequently found in different organs, but the skin and central nervous system (CNS) are the most affected ones.
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    Neurosyphilis Mimicking Herpes Simplex Encephalitis on Magnetic Resonance Imaging : A Case Report
    (2022-06-28) Balodis, Arturs; Grabovska, Dagnija; Valante, Ramona; Novasa, Arina; Raits , Uldis; Department of Radiology
    Objective: Rare disease Background: Neurosyphilis is a central nervous system infection caused by Treponema pallidum, that can develop at any time after the initial infection. The clinical signs of neurosyphilis are very variable, as well as its radiological features, and it is a diagnostic challenge. Knowledge of clinical symptoms and correct laboratory diagnostics, combined with routine radiological examination and additional diagnostic tools, such as high-resolution, threedimensional FLAIR sequence, T2-weighted, and T1-weighted contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are key to making an accurate diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Case Report: We present the clinical case of a patient who presented a 1-year history of vague clinical symptoms and was misdiagnosed with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis. Initial head MRI revealed extensive cerebral white matter lesions with cortical contrast enhancement, mainly of anterior and medial parts of the left temporal lobe, as typically seen in HSV encephalitis. Empirical therapy with acyclovir was started until a diagnosis of syphilis was confirmed with laboratory findings. Later, the therapy was changed to penicillin G. The patient’s condition improved after receiving targeted treatment. A control MRI scan was performed, and previously detected changes in the brain had decreased significantly. Conclusions: MRI is the imaging of choice to support the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Our findings suggest that neuroimaging can play an important role in indicating suspicion of syphilitic encephalitis. Enhancement of the anterior and medial parts of the temporal lobe is an atypical imaging finding, and it can simulate an infection with HSV. Early treatment is critical to a positive outcome.