Browsing by Author "Eglīte, Jeļena"

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    CASE REPORTS ON COVID-19 OUTCOMES DURING THE PANDEMIC IN PATIENTS WITH WELL-MANAGED HIV INFECTION IN LATVIA
    (2024-01) Soha, Alena; Ņesterenko, Renata; Āziņa, Inga; Rozentāle, Baiba; Eglīte, Jeļena; Rīga Stradiņš University
    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a global pandemic with serious implications and open questions for all areas of medicine, including immunocompromised patients. In Latvia, as of the end of 2022, 229 new cases of HIV were registered, reflecting an incidence rate of 12.2 per 100,000 people. Despite the fact that immunocompromised patients are at risk of poor outcomes of COVID-19, there is currently no evidence that clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in people living with HIV (PLWH) differ from those in the general population, provided these patients have well-controlled immune status (CD4+ count > 200 and undetectable viral load). We report two cases of COVID-19, specifically the Delta variant, in male patients with well-controlled HIV infection who had received three vaccine doses against COVID 19. Both patients fully recovered within one week without complications, requiring no specific treatment. Considering the current published data and our observations, it can be assumed that the course of COVID-19 in vaccinated well-controlled HIV patients does not differ from the typical clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in the general population. It is necessary to decrease vaccine hesitancy among PLWH, as COVID-19 vaccination is a crucial measure to safeguard this segment of the population against poor outcomes of COVID-19 such as hospitalisation, the risk of long-term health problems, severe disease, and death).
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    HLA II klases DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 ģenētisko marķieru izpēte ar HIV inficētiem un AIDS pacientiem. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
    (Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2011) Eglīte, Jeļena; Sočņevs, Artūrs; Vīksna, Ludmila
    Šī darba mērķis ir izpētīt HLA II klases DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 gēnu polimorfismu dažādās HIV/AIDS inficēto pacientu grupās, kā arī Latvijas veselo iedzīvotāju grupās. HLA gēni veic imūnās reakcijas funkcijas, tādēļ tiem ir svarīga loma procesos, kas saistīti ar cilvēka organisma uzņēmību pret HIV infekciju un tās progresēšanu. Viena no hipotēzēm par AIDS skaidro, ka patoloģija attīstās noteiktas HLA haplotipa gadījumā. HIV infekcijas attīstības prognoze ir ļoti svarīga, lai veiktu efektīvu ārstēšanu un pagarinātu pacientu dzīvildzi. Darbs ir veltīts korelācijai starp inficēšanos ar HIV un oportūnisko infekciju norisēm, izmantojot mūsdienīgu metodi – HLA genotipēšanu (PĶR–SSP). Tas dos iespēju diezgan precīzi prognozēt komplikācijas slimības laikā un tādējādi savlaicīgi sniegt pacientiem nepieciešamo palīdzību. Šī pētījuma shēma pirmoreiz Latvijas klīniskajā praksē ļaus lietot HLA imūnģenētiskos marķierus dažādu patoloģiju riska vai protektīvo faktoru noteikšanai, plašāk atspoguļojot klīnisko ainu un dodot iespēju ordinēt terapiju, pamatojoties uz ģenētiski determinētu uzņēmību. Šis darbs parāda galvenā audu saderības kompleksa lomu AIDS slimības predispozīcijā un pastāvīgumā. Iegūtie rezultāti pierāda, ka, ja, identificējot alēli, iespējams izprast HIV infekcijas attīstības molekulāros mehānismus, tie var noderēt arī klīnisko rezultātu prognozēšanā. Izpētītie HIV infekcijas predispozīcijas veidi un predispozīcijas iespējamā attīstība AIDS stadijā devuši iespēju izprast HLA sistēmas lomu AIDS progresēšanas gadījumā.
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    HLA II klases DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 ģenētisko marķieru izpēte ar HIV inficētiem un AIDS pacientiem. Promocijas darbs
    (Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2011) Eglīte, Jeļena; Sočņevs, Artūrs; Vīksna, Ludmila
    Šī darba mērķis ir izpētīt HLA II klases DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 gēnu polimorfismu dažādās HIV/AIDS inficēto pacientu grupās, kā arī Latvijas veselo iedzīvotāju grupās. HLA gēni veic imūnās reakcijas funkcijas, tādēļ tiem ir svarīga loma procesos, kas saistīti ar cilvēka organisma uzņēmību pret HIV infekciju un tās progresēšanu. Viena no hipotēzēm par AIDS skaidro, ka patoloģija attīstās noteiktas HLA haplotipa gadījumā. HIV infekcijas attīstības prognoze ir ļoti svarīga, lai veiktu efektīvu ārstēšanu un pagarinātu pacientu dzīvildzi. Darbs ir veltīts korelācijai starp inficēšanos ar HIV un oportūnisko infekciju norisēm, izmantojot mūsdienīgu metodi – HLA genotipēšanu (PĶR–SSP). Tas dos iespēju diezgan precīzi prognozēt komplikācijas slimības laikā un tādējādi savlaicīgi sniegt pacientiem nepieciešamo palīdzību. Šī pētījuma shēma pirmoreiz Latvijas klīniskajā praksē ļaus lietot HLA imūnģenētiskos marķierus dažādu patoloģiju riska vai protektīvo faktoru noteikšanai, plašāk atspoguļojot klīnisko ainu un dodot iespēju ordinēt terapiju, pamatojoties uz ģenētiski determinētu uzņēmību. Šis darbs parāda galvenā audu saderības kompleksa lomu AIDS slimības predispozīcijā un pastāvīgumā. Iegūtie rezultāti pierāda, ka, ja, identificējot alēli, iespējams izprast HIV infekcijas attīstības molekulāros mehānismus, tie var noderēt arī klīnisko rezultātu prognozēšanā. Izpētītie HIV infekcijas predispozīcijas veidi un predispozīcijas iespējamā attīstība AIDS stadijā devuši iespēju izprast HLA sistēmas lomu AIDS progresēšanas gadījumā.
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    Immunogenetic Manifestations of Lyme Borreliosis
    (2016-08-01) Kovačuka, Lilija; Eglīte, Jeļena; Zālīte, Māra; Lucenko, Irina; Vīksna, Ludmila; Krūmiņa, Angelika; Klīniskās imunoloģijas un imunoģenētikas starpkatedru laboratorija; Department of Infectology
    In this study, we sought to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1 alleles that might be associated with Lyme borreliosis in Latvian patients. Case patients and control subjects were similar in age, sex, and ethnic heritage and differed only in the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. The frequency of HLA-DRB1∗07 (OR 3.52; p = 0.001), HLA-DRB1∗15 (OR 3.02; p = 0.001) and HLA-DRB1 ∗17 (03) (OR 2.63; p = 0.001) were significantly increased in the Lyme disease patients compared with the control groups. The frequency of the alleles-DRB1∗11(OR 0.37; p = 0.005) and-DRB1∗13 (OR 0.34; p = 0.002) was smaller in Borreliosis patients and significantly higher in the control group.
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    Intriguing findings of liver fibrosis following COVID-19
    (2021-12) Koļesova, Oksana; Vanaga, Ieva; Laivacuma, Sniedze; Derovs, Aleksejs; Koļesovs, Aleksandrs; Radzina, Maija; Platkājis, Ardis; Eglīte, Jeļena; Hagina, Elvīra; Arutjuņana, Seda; Putriņš, Dāvis Sīmanis; Storoženko, Jeļena; Rozentāle, Baiba; Vīksna, Ludmila; Klīniskās imunoloģijas un imunoģenētikas starpkatedru laboratorija; Department of Infectology; Department of Radiology; Department of Public Health and Epidemiology
    Background: Studies on a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) show the elevation of liver enzymes and liver fibrosis index (FIB-4) independently on pre-existing liver diseases. It points to increased liver fibrogenesis during acute COVID-19 with possible long-term consequences. This study aimed to assess liver fibrosis in COVID-19 patients by serum hyaluronic acid (HA) and FIB-4. Methods: The study included the acute COVID-19 group (66 patients, 50% females, mean age 58.3 ± 14.6), the post-COVID group (58 patients in 3–6 months after the recovery, 47% females, mean age 41.2 ± 13.4), and a control group (17 people, 47% females, mean age 42.8 ± 11.0). Ultrasound elastography was performed in the post-COVID and control groups. Results: Sixty-five percent of the acute COVID-19 group had increased FIB-4 (> 1.45), and 38% of patients had FIB-4 ≥ 3.25. After matching by demographics, 52% of acute COVID-19 and 5% of the post-COVID group had FIB-4 > 1.45, and 29% and 2% of patients had FIB-4 ≥ 3.25, respectively. Increased serum HA (≥ 75 ng/ml) was observed in 54% of the acute COVID-19 and 15% of the post-COVID group. In the acute COVID-19 group, HA positively correlated with FIB-4, AST, ALT, LDH, IL-6, and ferritin and negatively with blood oxygen saturation. In the post-COVID group, HA did not correlate with FIB-4, but it was positively associated with higher liver stiffness and ALT. Conclusion: More than half of acute COVID-19 patients had increased serum HA and FIB-4 related to liver function tests, inflammatory markers, and blood oxygen saturation. It provides evidence for the induction of liver fibrosis by multiple factors during acute COVID-19. Findings also indicate possible liver fibrosis in about 5% of the post-COVID group.
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    Research of HLA II Class DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 Genetic Markers on Patients with HIV Infection and AIDS. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
    (Rīga Stradiņš University, 2011) Eglīte, Jeļena; Sočņevs, Artūrs; Vīksna, Ludmila
    Aim of the present paper is to investigate the polymorphy of HLA II class DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 genes in different groups of HIV/AIDS infected patients, and also in groups of healthy inhabitants of Latvia. HLA genes perform the functions of immune reaction so they have an important role in processes connected with susceptibility of human body to HIV infection and the progress thereof. One of the hypotheses about AIDS explains that pathology develops in case of definite HLA heliotype. Prognosis of development of HIV infection is very important for efficient treatment and extension of patients’ survival. The thesis is devoted to correlation between infection with HIV and progress of opportunistic infections applying an up-to-date method – HLA genotyping (PĶR-SSP). It shall enable us to determine quite exactly the development of the complications during the illness and thus to offer the required help to the patients. The scheme of the present research for the first time will enable the use of the typing of the HLA immunogenetic markers for determination of risk of different pathologies or protective factors in the clinical practice, by displaying wider the clinical picture an enabling ordering therapy on the grounds of genetically determined susceptibility. This thesis shows the role of the major histocompatibility complex in predisposition and consistency of AIDS-sickness. The obtained results show that when identifying the allele class it is possible to conceive the molecular mechanisms of development of HIV infection, they can help also in forecasting of clinical results. The researched forms of HIV infection predisposition and the possible development of predisposition in AIDS phase have given an opportunity to understand the HLA system in case of AIDS progress.
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    Role of Interferon-Gamma (Ifn-γ) in Immune Response Regulation in HIV-1 and HIV-1 + Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Tb) Infected Patients
    (2016-08-01) Januškevica, Inga; Rozentale, Baiba; Hagina, Elvīra; Eglīte, Jeļena; Kolupajeva, Tatjana; Storozenko, Jeļena; Guseva, Ludmila; Lejnieks, Aivars; Department of Internal Diseases; Klīniskās imunoloģijas un imunoģenētikas starpkatedru laboratorija; Department of Infectology
    The aim of this research was to investigate the role of IFN-γ in interaction between IL-10, IL-18, IL-1b, CD4 cell counts and HIV-1 RNA viral load in the development of HIV-1 in patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). The study was conducted by Rīga East Clinical University Hospital with data from the HIV-1 register, in collaboration with the RSU Joint Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics. 200 HIV-1 infected patients and 184 HIV-1 with TB co-infection patients divided in four groups were included in the study. IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1b levels were measured in serum with commercially enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA Vector-Best Corporation, Novosibirsk, Russia). CD4 cell counts were measured by flow Partec IVD cytometry (USA). HIV-1 RNA quantification was performed using the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS Taqman HIV-1 Test (Germany). All groups were compared with each another. IFN-γ production was significantly lower, and IL-10 and CD4 cell counts were significantly higher, in HIV-1 patients without TB compared with the other groups. The group with HIV-1 and TB had significantly elevated IL-18 production. HIV patients with primary TB had significantly elevated IFN-γ production and HIV-1 RNA viral load and significantly lower IL-10 production.