Occupational Exposure of Crystalline Silica and Occupational Lung Diseases
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Kristāliskais silīcija dioksīds ir dabisks minerāls, kas parasti ir sastopams, piemēram, celtniecībā un kalnrūpniecībā. Ir zināms, ka vielas iedarbība izraisa dažādas slimības, īpaši slimības, kas skar plaušas. Plaušu silikoze ir arodslimība, kas skar rūpniecībā strādājošos visā pasaulē. Hroniska kristāliskā silīcija dioksīda ieelpošana izraisa neatgriezeniskus plaušu audu fibrotiskus bojājumus, kas var izraisīt plaušu vēzi un priekšlaicīgu nāvi. Plaušu silikoze ir neatgriezeniska, bet novēršama, attiecīgi pielāgojot darba vidi. Literatūras apskata mērķi ir (1) izpētīt minerālkristālisko silīcija dioksīdu un iedarbības novēršanu, (2) izpētīt plaušu silikozes patofizioloģiju, klīnisko gaitu, ārstēšanas iespējas un prognozes, (3) pētīt citas plaušu slimības, kas saistītas ar kristāliskā silīcija dioksīda iedarbību, tostarp plaušu vēzis.
Crystalline silica is a natural mineral commonly encountered in a number of industries, for example construction and mining. Exposure to the substance is known to cause various diseases, especially diseases affecting the lungs. Lung silicosis is an occupational lung disease affecting industrial workers worldwide. Chronic inhalation of respirable crystalline silica causes irreversible fibrotic damage to the lung tissue and may eventually lead to lung cancer and early death. Lung silicosis is irreversible, but preventable with the appropriate adjustments to the work environment. This literature review covers (1) the substance crystalline silica and prevention of exposure, (2) pathophysiology, clinical course, clinical findings, treatment possibilities, and prognosis of lung silicosis, and (3) other lung diseases associated with crystalline silica exposure, including lung cancer.
Crystalline silica is a natural mineral commonly encountered in a number of industries, for example construction and mining. Exposure to the substance is known to cause various diseases, especially diseases affecting the lungs. Lung silicosis is an occupational lung disease affecting industrial workers worldwide. Chronic inhalation of respirable crystalline silica causes irreversible fibrotic damage to the lung tissue and may eventually lead to lung cancer and early death. Lung silicosis is irreversible, but preventable with the appropriate adjustments to the work environment. This literature review covers (1) the substance crystalline silica and prevention of exposure, (2) pathophysiology, clinical course, clinical findings, treatment possibilities, and prognosis of lung silicosis, and (3) other lung diseases associated with crystalline silica exposure, including lung cancer.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
plaušu silikoze, plaušu arodslimības, silīcija kristāli, kristāliskais silīcija dioksīds, pneimokonioze, lung silicosis, occupational lung disease, crystalline silica, silica dust, pneumoconiosis