The Effects of Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
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Date
2021
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Zinātniskais jautājums: Kāda ir mātes alkohola lietošanas ietekme un ilgtermiņa sekas uz bērnu grūtniecības un zīdīšanas laikā?
Darba pārskats: Šis pētījums atspoguļo saistību starp bērnu un māti, kas grūtniecības un bērna zīdīšanas laikā lieto alkoholu. Blakus alkohola fizioloģiskajiem procesiem organismā tiek izskaidrota alkohola farmakokinētika sievietēm zīdīšanas laikā un zīdaiņiem, kā arī iespējamās saslimšanas dzīves laikā, ja bērns ir pakļauts alkohola iedarbībai pirms dzemdībām.
Darba mērķi: Analizēt ietekmi un korelāciju starp alkohola lietošanu grūtniecības un zīdīšanas laikā un to vēlīnām sekām bērnam un pieaugušajam.
Darbā izmantotie avoti un metodes: Šīs darbs tika veidots, pamatojoties uz literatūras avotu pārskatu. Tika izmantotas dažādas zinātniskas publikācijas, raksti un grāmatas.
Darba rezultāts: Bērniem, kuri ir bijuši pakļauti intrauterīnai alkohola lietošanai, ir lielāks risks veidoties neiroloģiskās attīstības traucējumiem, strukturālām anomālijām, CNS bojājumiem vai pirms- un pēcdzemdību augšanas aizturei, augļa alkohola sindromam, uzmanības deficīta-hiperaktivitātes traucējumiem, vielmaiņas traucējumiem, kā arī pastāv paaugstināts risks ciest no kaulu lūzumiem agrā bērnībā.
Secinājumi: Literatūras dati pierāda, ka mātes alkohola lietošana grūtniecības laikā ir saistīta ar augstu risku daudzām bērna slimībām. Pat neliels alkohola daudzums grūtniecības laikā var izraisīt augļa alkohola sindromu, paaugstinātu risku attīstīt uzmanības deficīta-hiperaktivitātes traucējumus, paaugstinātu kaulu lūzumu risku, vielmaiņas traucējumu risku pieaugušā vecumā un arī ievērojamas sekas ir redzamas piena izdalīšanās refleksā, ja sievietes zīdīšanas laikā lieto alkoholu.
Scientific Question: What are the effects and long-term consequences of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding on the child? Overview: This study highlights the effects of the maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy and while breastfeeding on the child. Next to the physiological processes of alcohol in the body, the pharmacokinetics of alcohol in lactating women and infants, as well as possible disorders throughout the life if a child is exposed prenatally to alcohol, will be explained. Aims: To analyze the effects and correlations between alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding and their later consequences in child and adulthood. Methods and materials: This thesis will be presented based on literature review. Different research papers, articles and books will be used. Results: Children who have been exposed even to small amounts of intrauterine alcohol consumption have a higher risk of developing conditions of neurodevelopmental abnormalities, structural malformations, CNS damage or pre- and post-natal growth retardation, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, metabolic disorders in adulthood and increased risk to suffer from bone fractures in early childhood. Additional, significant consequences are seen in the milk ejection reflex, if women consume alcohol during breastfeeding. Conclusions: Literature proves that maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with great risk for multiple diseases in the child. In order to prevent harmful consequences on the child due to maternal alcohol consumption, it is important to provide the society with more education and clarification to change the attitude towards the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Scientific Question: What are the effects and long-term consequences of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding on the child? Overview: This study highlights the effects of the maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy and while breastfeeding on the child. Next to the physiological processes of alcohol in the body, the pharmacokinetics of alcohol in lactating women and infants, as well as possible disorders throughout the life if a child is exposed prenatally to alcohol, will be explained. Aims: To analyze the effects and correlations between alcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding and their later consequences in child and adulthood. Methods and materials: This thesis will be presented based on literature review. Different research papers, articles and books will be used. Results: Children who have been exposed even to small amounts of intrauterine alcohol consumption have a higher risk of developing conditions of neurodevelopmental abnormalities, structural malformations, CNS damage or pre- and post-natal growth retardation, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, metabolic disorders in adulthood and increased risk to suffer from bone fractures in early childhood. Additional, significant consequences are seen in the milk ejection reflex, if women consume alcohol during breastfeeding. Conclusions: Literature proves that maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with great risk for multiple diseases in the child. In order to prevent harmful consequences on the child due to maternal alcohol consumption, it is important to provide the society with more education and clarification to change the attitude towards the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Alkohols, Augļa alkohola spektra traucējumi, Veselība, Pieaugušo, Kognitīvā, pirmsdzemdību alkohola lietošana, Bērnu lūzumi, Dzimšanas svars, Dzimšanas ilgums, Osteoģenēze, Uzmanības deficīta hiperaktivitātes traucējumi, Grūtniecība, Pārmērīga vielu lietošana, Alkohola dehidrogenāzes, Alcohol, Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, Health, Adult, Cognitive, prenatal alcohol consumption, childhood fractures, Birth weight, Birth length, Osteogenesis, Attention-deficit hyper-activity disorder, Pregnancy, Substance abuse, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Breastfeeding, Lactation, TRH, Prolactin, Metabolic syndrome. Aldehīda dehidrogenāze, zīdīšana, zīdīšana, TRH, prolaktīns, metaboliskais sindroms.