Fiziskais funkcionālais stāvoklis, ikdienas fiziskā aktivitāte un izjustais autonomijas un līdzdalības ierobežojums traheostomētiem pacientiem ar galvas-kakla audzēju
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Date
2024
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Pētījuma nosaukums: Fiziskais funkcionālais stāvoklis, ikdienas fiziskā aktivitāte un izjustais
autonomijas un līdzdalības ierobežojums traheostomētiem pacientiem ar galvas-kakla audzēju.
Pētījuma mērķis: Izpētīt fizisko funkcionālo stāvokli, ikdienas fizisko aktivitāti, autonomijas
un līdzdalības izjustos ierobežojumus un analizēt to savstarpējo mijiedarbību traheostomētiem
pacientiem ar galvas-kakla audzēju.
Pētījuma metodes: Pētījums veidots pēc kvantitatīva, neeksperimentāla šķērsgriezuma
pētījuma dizaina. Izlasi veidoja 11 dalībnieki (9 vīrieši un 2 sievietes), vecumā no 53 līdz 82
gadiem. Pētījuma dalībnieki tika novērtēti vienu reizi. Fiziskās funkcionālās spējas tika
novērtētas ar 6MIT, TUG, pleca locītavas un mugurkaula kakla daļas goniometriju,
dinamometru un krūšu kurvja ekskursiju mērījumu. Ikdienas fiziskā aktivitāte par septiņām
nedēļas dienām ar akselerometru, papildinot to ar dalībnieku aizpildītu aktivitāšu
dienasgrāmatu, bet autonomija un līdzdalība novērtēta ar pašvērtējuma anketu IPA. Iegūtie dati
tika apkopoti un analizēti ar aprakstošajām un analītiskajām statistikas metodēm.
Pētījuma rezultāti un secinājumi: Pētījuma rezultāti uzrādīja ievērojamus slodzes tolerances
traucējumus, kas saistījās ar neefektīvu un apgrūtinātu elpošanu, kā arī neadekvātu arteriālā
asinsspiediena reakciju uz fizisku slodzi. Daļai pacientu papildus novēroja paaugstinātu
krišanas risku, kas rada vēl būtiskāku pārvietošanās ierobežojumu. Pētījuma rezultāti par aktīvo
kustību apjomu plecu locītavās, mugurkaula kakla daļā un krūšu kurvja augšējā līmenī norādīja
uz vienlaikus pastāvošiem ierobežojumiem vairākās locītavās un plaknēs, kas var liecināt par
miofasciālo struktūru saīsinājumu kā cēloni. Pētīto dalībnieku ikdienas fizisko aktivitāti
raksturoja augsts mazkustīgi pavadītā laika īpatsvars, kā arī gari nepārtraukti mazkustīgie
periodi (> 1,5 h), kas kombinējas ar nepietiekamu vidējas-augstas intensitātes fizisko aktivitāti
(t.i. < 150 min/nedēļā). Pētījuma rezultāti izgaismoja, ka līdzdalības iespējas pieredze ir unikāla
katrai personai, savukārt adaptācija slimības, tās ārstēšanas un patstāvīgās traheostomas
nepieciešamības radītajiem izaicinājumiem, ko raksturo uztvertā iespēja veikt dažādas ikdienas
aktivitātes tādā veidā kā un kad persona vēlas, var būt veiksmīga. Tomēr visbiežāk pētījuma
dalībnieki izjūta savu iespēju ierobežojumu aktivitātēs ārpus mājas un saistībā ar savas lomas
izpildi ģimenē un mājsaimniecībā. Vienlaikus rezultāti apliecināja, ka iesaiste vidējas-augstas
intensitātes fiziskajā aktivitātē var būt kā palīgs izaicinājumu pārvarēšanā.
Title: Physical performance, daily physical activity, autonomy and participation in head and neck cancer survivors living with tracheostomy tube. Objective: To investigate physical performance, daily physical activity, perceived limitations in autonomy and participation and to analyse their interactions in tracheostomized patients with head and neck cancer survivors. Methods: The study design is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 11 participants (9 men and 2 women), aged between 53 and 82 years. Participants were assessed once. Physical performance was assessed by 6MIT, TUG, shoulder joint and cervical spine goniometry, dynamometer and thoracic excursion measurement. Daily physical activity for seven days of the week was assessed by accelerometer, with the addition of an activity diary completed by the participants, and autonomy and participation were assessed by the self-assessment questionnaire IPA. The data obtained were collected and analysed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods. Results and conclusions: The results showed significant impairment in exercise capacity, associated with inefficient and difficulty breathing and inadequate arterial blood pressure response to exercise. In addition, some patients showed an increased risk of falls, which leads to an even more significant limitation of mobility. The results of the study on active range of motion at the shoulder joints, cervical spine and upper thoracic level indicated coexisting limitations at several joints and planes of motion, which may suggest shortening of myofascial structures as a cause. The daily physical activity of the participants was characterised by a high proportion of sedentary time, as well as long continuous periods of sedentary time (> 1.5 h) combined with insufficient moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (i.e. < 150 min/week). The results highlight that the experience of participation is unique to each person, while adaptation to the challenges of the disease, its treatment and the need for an independent tracheostoma, characterised by the perceived ability to perform a variety of daily activities in the way and when the person wants, can be successful. However, most often the participants in the study perceived a limitation of their possibilities in activities outside the home and in the fulfilment of their roles in the family and household. At the same time, the results showed that engaging in moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity can be a helpful tool to overcome challenges.
Title: Physical performance, daily physical activity, autonomy and participation in head and neck cancer survivors living with tracheostomy tube. Objective: To investigate physical performance, daily physical activity, perceived limitations in autonomy and participation and to analyse their interactions in tracheostomized patients with head and neck cancer survivors. Methods: The study design is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 11 participants (9 men and 2 women), aged between 53 and 82 years. Participants were assessed once. Physical performance was assessed by 6MIT, TUG, shoulder joint and cervical spine goniometry, dynamometer and thoracic excursion measurement. Daily physical activity for seven days of the week was assessed by accelerometer, with the addition of an activity diary completed by the participants, and autonomy and participation were assessed by the self-assessment questionnaire IPA. The data obtained were collected and analysed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods. Results and conclusions: The results showed significant impairment in exercise capacity, associated with inefficient and difficulty breathing and inadequate arterial blood pressure response to exercise. In addition, some patients showed an increased risk of falls, which leads to an even more significant limitation of mobility. The results of the study on active range of motion at the shoulder joints, cervical spine and upper thoracic level indicated coexisting limitations at several joints and planes of motion, which may suggest shortening of myofascial structures as a cause. The daily physical activity of the participants was characterised by a high proportion of sedentary time, as well as long continuous periods of sedentary time (> 1.5 h) combined with insufficient moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (i.e. < 150 min/week). The results highlight that the experience of participation is unique to each person, while adaptation to the challenges of the disease, its treatment and the need for an independent tracheostoma, characterised by the perceived ability to perform a variety of daily activities in the way and when the person wants, can be successful. However, most often the participants in the study perceived a limitation of their possibilities in activities outside the home and in the fulfilment of their roles in the family and household. At the same time, the results showed that engaging in moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity can be a helpful tool to overcome challenges.
Description
Fizioterapija
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Fiziskais funkcionālais stāvoklis, ikdienas fiziskā aktivitāte, akselerometrija, autonomija un līdzdalība, pacienti ar galvas-kakla audzēju, ilgstošas vai patstāvīgas traheostomas nepieciešamība., Physical performance, daily physical activity, accelerometry, autonomy and participation, patients with head and neck cancer, cancer-related tracheostomy.